中文名（Chinese Name）：泽兰
学名（Scientific Name）：Eupatorium japonicum Thunb. ex Murray
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：白头婆
异名（Synonym）：Eupatorium japonicum var. tripartitum Makino  Eupatorium chinense Linn.  Eupatorium fortunei var. tripartitum (Makino) Nakai  Eupatorium fortunei var. simplicifolium (Makino) Nakai  Eupatorium japonicum f. aureo-reticulatum Makino  Eupatorium japonicum var. simplicifolium Makino  Eupatorium wallichii DC.  Eupatorium fortunei f. aureo-reticulatum (Makino) Nakai
科属（Family & Genus）：菊科（Compositae）泽兰属
形态特征（Description）：多年生草本，高50-200厘米。根茎短，有多数细长侧根。茎直立，下部或至中部或全部淡紫红色，基部径达1.5厘米，通常不分枝，或仅上部有伞房状花序分枝，全部茎枝被白色皱波状短柔毛，花序分枝上的毛较密，茎下部或全部花期脱毛或疏毛。叶对生，有叶柄，柄长1-2厘米，质地稍厚；中部茎叶椭圆形或长椭圆形或卵状长椭圆形或披针形，长6-20厘米，宽2-6.5厘米，基部宽或狭楔形，顶端渐尖，羽状脉，侧脉约7对，在下面突起；自中部向上及向下部的叶渐小，与茎中部叶同形，基部茎叶花期枯萎；全部茎叶两面粗涩，被皱波状长或短柔毛及黄色腺点，下面、下面沿脉及叶柄上的毛较密，边缘有粗或重粗锯齿。头状花序在茎顶或枝端排成紧密的伞房花序，花序径通常3-6厘米，少有大型复伞房花序而花序径达20厘米的。总苞钟状，长5-6毫米，含5个小花；总苞片覆瓦状排列，3层；外层极短，长1-2毫米，披针形；中层及内层苞片渐长，长5-6毫米，长椭圆形或长椭圆状披针形；全部苞片绿色或带紫红色，顶端钝或圆形。花白色或带红紫色或粉红色，花冠长5毫米，外面有较稠密的黄色腺点。瘦果淡黑褐色，椭圆状，长3.5毫米，5棱，被多数黄色腺点，无毛；冠毛白色，长约5毫米。花果期6-11月。海拔120-3000米。
分布（Distribution）：产我国大部分省区，生于山坡草地、林下、灌丛中及水湿地。日本及朝鲜也有。
用途（Use）：本种全草药用，性凉，消热消炎。
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 20-21 Page 884, 885, 886
Eupatorium japonicum Thunberg in Murray, Syst. Veg., ed. 14,. 737. 1784.
白头婆 bai tou po | Asteraceae  | Eupatorium
Eupatorium chinense Linnaeus var. simplicifolium (Makino) Kitamura; E. chinense var. tozanense (Hayata) Kitamura; E. fortunei Turczaninow f. aureoreticulatum (Makino) Nakai; E. fortunei var. simplicifolium (Makino) Nakai; E. fortunei var. tripartitum (Makino) Nakai; E. japonicum f. aureoreticulatum Makino; E. japonicum var. dissectum Makino; E. japonicum var. simplicifolium Makino; E. japonicum var. tozanense (Hayata) Kitamura; E. japonicum var. tripartitum Makino; E. japonicum var. wallichii (Candolle) Yamamoto; E. tozanense Hayata; E. wallichii Candolle.
Herbs perennial, 50-200 cm tall. Rhizomes short, with numerous fibrous roots. Stems erect, purplish red, usually simple or corymbose synflorescence branched in upper part, white crisped-puberulent, more dense on synflorescence branches, glabrescent or sparsely hairy in lower part. Leaves opposite; petiole 0.5-2 cm, rather thick; median stem leaves elliptic, narrowly elliptic, ovate-elliptic, or lanceolate, 6-20 × 2-6.5 cm, pinnately veined, lateral veins 7-paired, abaxially prominent, base broadly or narrowly cuneate, margin sometimes 3-partite, apex acuminate; basal stem leaves withered by anthesis; upper leaves smaller, homomorphic with median leaves; both surfaces scabrid, crisped-villous or puberulent and yellow glandular, more densely hairy abaxially on veins and on petiole; margin coarsely or doubly serrate. Capitula apically densely corymbose, synflorescence usually 3-6 cm in diam., rarely forming a large compound corymbose synflorescence to 20 cm in diam. Involucre campanulate, 5-6 mm, 5-flowered; phyllaries imbricate, 3-seriate; outer phyllaries very short, lanceolate, 1-2 mm, median and inner phyllaries gradually longer, lanceolate, narrowly elliptic, or elliptic-lanceolate, 5-6 mm, green or purple-tinged, apex obtuse or rounded. Florets white, red-purple, or pink; corolla ca. 5 mm, with dense yellow glands. Achenes black-brown, elliptic, ca. 3.5 mm, 5-angled, with many yellow glands, glabrous. Pappus white, ca. 5 mm. Fl. and fr. Jun-Nov.
Grasslands on slopes, open forests, thickets, wet places, riverbanks; 100-3000 m. Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guizhou, Hainan, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Japan, Korea].
（责任编辑：徐晔春）