水竹叶Murdannia triquetra

水竹叶Murdannia triquetra

水竹叶Murdannia triquetra

水竹叶Murdannia triquetra

中文名(Chinese Name):水竹叶
学名(Scientific Name):Murdannia triquetra (Wall.) Bruckn.
英文名(English Common Name):
别名(Chinese Common Name):细竹叶高草
异名(Synonym):Aneilema triquetrum Wall. ex C. B. Clarke  Aneilema nutans H. Lév.  Commelina triquetra Steud.  Phaeneilema triquetrum (Wall. ex C.B.Clarke) G.Brückn.
科属(Family & Genus):鸭跖草科(Commelinaceae)水竹叶属
形态特征(Description):多年生草本,具长而横走根状茎。根状茎具叶鞘,节间长约6厘米,节上具细长须状根。茎肉质,下部匍匐,节上生根,上部上升,通常多分枝,长达40厘米,节间长8厘米,密生一列白色硬毛,这一列毛与下一个叶鞘的一列毛相连续。叶无柄,仅叶片下部有睫毛和叶鞘合缝处有一列毛,这一列毛与上一个节上的衔接而成一个系列,叶的他处无毛;叶片竹叶形,平展或稍折叠,长2-6厘米,宽5-8毫米,顶端渐尖而头钝。花序通常仅有单朵花,顶生并兼腋生,花序梗长1-4厘米,顶生者梗长,腋生者短,花序梗中部有一个条状的苞片,有时苞片腋中生一朵花;萼片绿色,狭长圆形,浅舟状,长4-6毫米,无毛,果期宿存;花瓣粉红色,紫红色或蓝紫色,倒卵圆形,稍长于萼片;花丝密生长须毛。蒴果卵圆状三棱形,长5-7毫米,直径3-4毫米,两端钝或短急尖,每室有种子3颗,有时仅1-2颗。种子短柱状,不扁,红灰色。花期9-10月(但在云南也有5月开花的),果期10-11月。
分布(Distribution):产云南、贵州、湖南、湖北、河南、江苏、江西、浙江、福建及台湾,生于海拔1600米以下的水稻田边或湿地上。东南亚也有。
用途(Use):幼嫩茎叶可供食用,全草有清热解毒、利尿消肿之效,亦可治蛇虫咬伤。
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 24 Page 27
Murdannia triquetra (Wallich ex C. B. Clarke) Brückner in Engler & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam., ed. 2. 15a: 173. 1930.
水竹叶 shui zhu ye | Commelinaceae  | Murdannia
Aneilema triquetrum Wallich ex C. B. Clarke, Commelyn. Cyrtandr. Bengal. 31, t. 19. 1874; A. nutans H. Léveillé.
Herbs perennial. Roots fibrous. Rhizomes horizontal, elongate. Stems creeping proximally, ascending distally, branched, to 40 cm; internodes ca. 8 cm, with a line of dense, white hairs. Leaves sessile; leaf sheath with a line of hairs on 1 side; leaf blade spreading or slightly folded, linear-lanceolate or linear-elliptic, 2--6 cm × 5--8 mm, ciliate only in proximal part, apex obtuse, abruptly narrowed into acuminate tip. Cincinni terminal and axillary, usually 1-flowered; peduncle 1--4 cm (terminal ones longer), with linear bract at middle, sometimes with a flower in axil of bract; pedicels 1--2 cm. Sepals narrowly oblong, 4--6 mm. Petals pink, purple-red, or blue-purple, obovate. Fertile stamens 3; filaments densely bearded; staminodes 3; antherodes sagittate. Capsule ovoid-globose, trigonous, 5--7 × 3--4 mm, obtuse or acute at both ends. Seeds (1--)3 per valve, uniseriate, reddish gray, not flattened. Fl. Sep--Oct (also May in Yunnan), fr. Oct--Nov.
By rice fields or wet places; near sea level to 1600 m. C and S Anhui, W Fujian (Liancheng Xian), Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, S Henan (Jigong Shan), Hubei, Hunan, S Jiangsu (Suzhou Shi), Jiangxi, SW Shaanxi (Nanzheng Xian), Sichuan, Taiwan, S and W Yunnan, N Zhejiang (Hangzhou Shi, Changhua) [India, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam].
Murdannia triquetra is a common weed in S China, with a high protein content (ca. 2.8% of fresh weight); it is used for forage, as a vegetable, and medicinally as a febrifuge and diuretic.
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