扁担藤Tetrastigma planicaule

中文名(Chinese Name):扁担藤
学名(Scientific Name):Tetrastigma planicaule (Hook. f.) Gagnep.
英文名(English Common Name):
别名(Chinese Common Name):
异名(Synonym):Vitis planicaulis Hook. f.
科属(Family & Genus):葡萄科(Vitaceae)岩爬藤属
形态特征(Description):木质大藤本,茎扁压,深褐色。小枝圆柱形或微扁,有纵棱纹,无毛。卷须不分枝, 相隔2节间断与叶对生。叶为掌状5小叶,小叶长圆披针形、披针形、卵披针形,长(6) 9-16厘米,宽(2.5) 3-6 (7)厘米,顶端渐尖或急尖,基部楔形,边缘每侧有5-9个锯齿,锯齿不明显或细小,稀较粗,上面绿色,下面浅绿色,两面无毛;侧脉5-6对,网脉突出;叶柄长3-11厘米,无毛,小叶柄长0.5-3厘米,中央小叶柄比侧生小叶柄长2-4倍,无毛。花序腋生,长15-17厘米,比叶柄长1-1.5倍,下部有节,节上有褐色苞片,稀与叶对生而基部无节和苞片,二级和三级分枝4(3),集生成伞形;花序梗长3-4厘米,无毛;花梗长3-10毫米,无毛或疏被短柔毛;花蕾卵圆形,高2.5-3毫米,顶端圆钝;萼浅碟形,齿不明显,外面被乳突状毛;花瓣4,卵状三角形,高2-2.5毫米,顶端呈风帽状,外面顶部疏被乳突状毛;雄蕊4,花丝丝状,花药黄色,卵圆形,长宽近相等或长甚于宽,在雌花内雄蕊显著短,花药呈龟头形,败育;花盘明显,4浅裂,在雌花内不明显且呈环状,子房阔圆锥形,基部被扁平乳突状毛,花柱不明显,柱头4裂,裂片外折。果实近球形,直径2-3厘米,多肉质,有种子1-2(3)颗;种子长椭圆形,顶端圆形,基部急尖,种脐在背面中部呈带形,达种子顶端,腹部中棱脊扁平,两侧洼穴呈沟状,从基部向上接近中部时斜向外伸展达种子顶端。花期4-6月,果期8-12月。
分布(Distribution):产福建、广东、广西、贵州、云南、西藏,生海拔100-2100米山谷林中或山坡岩石缝中。老挝、越南、印度和斯里兰卡也有。
用途(Use):藤茎供药用,有祛风湿之效。
引自中国植物志英文版:FOC Vol. 12 Page 196, 201 
Tetrastigma planicaule (J. D. Hooker) Gagnepain, Notul. Syst. (Paris). 1: 319. 1910.
扁担藤 bian dan teng| Vitaceae  | Tetrastigma
Vitis planicaulis J. D. Hooker, Bot. Mag. 94: t. 5685. 1868.
Lianas, woody. Stem flat. Branchlets terete or slightly flat with longitudinal ridges, glabrous; tendrils unbranched. Leaves palmately 5-foliolate; petiole 3-11 cm, glabrous; petiolules 0.5-3 cm, central petiolule 2-4 × as long as lateral petiolules, glabrous; leaflets elliptic-lanceolate, lanceolate, or ovate-lanceolate, (6-)9-16 × (2.5-)3-6(-7) cm, glabrous, lateral veins 5 or 6 pairs, veinlets raised, base cuneate, margin 5-9-toothed on each side, teeth inconspicuous or fine, rarely large, apex acuminate or acute. Inflorescence umbelliform, axillary, 15-17 cm, with nodes and brown bracts, rarely leaf-opposed and without nodes and bracts; peduncle 3-4 cm, glabrous. Pedicel 3-10 mm, glabrous or sparsely pilose. Buds oval, 2.5-3 mm, apex obtuse. Calyx shallow and saucer-shaped, papillose, teeth inconspicuous. Petals ovate-triangular, 2-2.5 mm, apex galeate, sparsely papillose. Filaments filiform; anthers yellow, oval, short and abortive in female flowers. Disk well developed, 4-lobed, or inconspicuous and annular in female flowers. Ovary broadly coniform, base papillose; style inconspicuous; stigma 4-lobed. Berry globose, 2-3 cm in diam., 1- or 2(or 3)-seeded. Seeds oblong, base sharp, apex rounded, ventral holes furrowed from base to apex. Fl. Apr-Jun, fr. Aug-Dec.
Forests in valleys, rocks; 100-2100 m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, S and E Xizang, Yunnan [India, Laos, Sri Lanka, Vietnam].
 扁担藤Tetrastigma planicaule

扁担藤Tetrastigma planicaule

扁担藤Tetrastigma planicaule

扁担藤Tetrastigma planicaule

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