小刀豆Canavalia cathartica
中文名（Chinese Name）：小刀豆
学名（Scientific Name）：Canavalia cathartica Thou.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：野刀板豆
异名（Synonym）：Canavalia ensiformis var. turgida (Graham ex A. Gray) Baker Lablab microcarpus DC. Canavalia bouquete Montrouz. Canavalia microcarpa (DC.) Piper Phaseolus virosus (Roxb.)Bojer Canavalia stocksii Dalzell & A.Gibson Canavalia polystachya Schweinf. Canavalia obtusifolia var. insularis Ridl.
科属（Family & Genus）：蝶形花科,Fabaceae刀豆属
形态特征（Description）：二年生、粗壮、草质藤本。茎、枝被稀疏的短柔毛。羽状复叶具3小叶；托叶小，胼胝体状；小托叶微小，极早落。小叶纸质，卵形，长6-10厘米，宽4-9厘米，先端急尖或圆，基部宽楔形、截平或圆，两面脉上被极疏的白色短柔毛；叶柄长3-8厘米；小叶柄长5-6毫米，被绒毛。花1-3朵生于花序轴的每一节上；花梗长1-2毫米；萼近钟状，长约12毫米，被短柔毛，上唇2裂齿阔而圆，远较萼管为短，下唇3裂齿较小；花冠粉红色或近紫色，长2-2.5厘米，旗瓣圆形，长约2厘米，宽约2.5厘米，顶端凹入，近基部有2枚痂状附属体，无耳，具瓣柄，翼瓣与龙骨瓣弯曲，长约2厘米；子房被绒毛，花柱无毛。荚果长圆形，长7-9厘米，宽3.5-4.5厘米，膨胀，顶端具喙尖；种子椭圆形，长约18毫米，宽约12毫米，种皮褐黑色，硬而光滑，种脐长13-14毫米。花、果期3-10月。
分布（Distribution）：产我国广东、海南、台湾。生于海滨或河滨，攀援于石壁或灌木上。热带亚洲广布，大洋洲及非洲的局部地区亦有。
用途（Use）：
引自植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 10 Page 198, 199
Canavalia cathartica Thouars, J. Bot. Agric. 1: 81. 1813.
小刀豆 xiao dao dou | Fabaceae | Canavalia
Canavalia ensiformis (Linnaeus) Candolle var. turgida (Graham ex A. Gray) Baker; C. microcarpa (Candolle) Piper; C. turgida Graham ex A. Gray; Lablab microcarpus Candolle.
Herbs, biennial, robust, twining. Stems and branches sparsely pubescent. Leaflets ovate, 6-10 × 4-9 cm, sparsely white pubescent on both surfaces, base broadly cuneate, truncate, or rounded, apex acute or rounded. Racemes with 1-3 flowers at each node of rachis. Calyx ca. 12 mm, pubescent, upper lip with rounded lobes, shorter than tube, lower lip with 3 teeth. Corolla pink or purplish, 2-2.5 cm; standard orbicular, ca. 2 × 2.5 cm, with 2 thickenings near base, clawed, apex emarginate; wings and keel curved, ca. 2 cm. Legumes oblong, 7-9 × 3.5-4.5 cm, turgid, apex rostrate. Seeds brownish black, elliptic, ca. 18 × 12 mm, hard and smooth; hilum 10-14 mm. Fl. and fr. Apr-Oct.
Seashores, riverbanks. Guangdong, Hainan, Taiwan [widely distributed in tropical Asia and some areas of Africa and Australia].
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Canavalia cathartica Thou.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：野刀板豆
异名（Synonym）：Canavalia ensiformis var. turgida (Graham ex A. Gray) Baker Lablab microcarpus DC. Canavalia bouquete Montrouz. Canavalia microcarpa (DC.) Piper Phaseolus virosus (Roxb.)Bojer Canavalia stocksii Dalzell & A.Gibson Canavalia polystachya Schweinf. Canavalia obtusifolia var. insularis Ridl.
科属（Family & Genus）：蝶形花科,Fabaceae刀豆属
形态特征（Description）：二年生、粗壮、草质藤本。茎、枝被稀疏的短柔毛。羽状复叶具3小叶；托叶小，胼胝体状；小托叶微小，极早落。小叶纸质，卵形，长6-10厘米，宽4-9厘米，先端急尖或圆，基部宽楔形、截平或圆，两面脉上被极疏的白色短柔毛；叶柄长3-8厘米；小叶柄长5-6毫米，被绒毛。花1-3朵生于花序轴的每一节上；花梗长1-2毫米；萼近钟状，长约12毫米，被短柔毛，上唇2裂齿阔而圆，远较萼管为短，下唇3裂齿较小；花冠粉红色或近紫色，长2-2.5厘米，旗瓣圆形，长约2厘米，宽约2.5厘米，顶端凹入，近基部有2枚痂状附属体，无耳，具瓣柄，翼瓣与龙骨瓣弯曲，长约2厘米；子房被绒毛，花柱无毛。荚果长圆形，长7-9厘米，宽3.5-4.5厘米，膨胀，顶端具喙尖；种子椭圆形，长约18毫米，宽约12毫米，种皮褐黑色，硬而光滑，种脐长13-14毫米。花、果期3-10月。
分布（Distribution）：产我国广东、海南、台湾。生于海滨或河滨，攀援于石壁或灌木上。热带亚洲广布，大洋洲及非洲的局部地区亦有。
用途（Use）：
引自植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 10 Page 198, 199
Canavalia cathartica Thouars, J. Bot. Agric. 1: 81. 1813.
小刀豆 xiao dao dou | Fabaceae | Canavalia
Canavalia ensiformis (Linnaeus) Candolle var. turgida (Graham ex A. Gray) Baker; C. microcarpa (Candolle) Piper; C. turgida Graham ex A. Gray; Lablab microcarpus Candolle.
Herbs, biennial, robust, twining. Stems and branches sparsely pubescent. Leaflets ovate, 6-10 × 4-9 cm, sparsely white pubescent on both surfaces, base broadly cuneate, truncate, or rounded, apex acute or rounded. Racemes with 1-3 flowers at each node of rachis. Calyx ca. 12 mm, pubescent, upper lip with rounded lobes, shorter than tube, lower lip with 3 teeth. Corolla pink or purplish, 2-2.5 cm; standard orbicular, ca. 2 × 2.5 cm, with 2 thickenings near base, clawed, apex emarginate; wings and keel curved, ca. 2 cm. Legumes oblong, 7-9 × 3.5-4.5 cm, turgid, apex rostrate. Seeds brownish black, elliptic, ca. 18 × 12 mm, hard and smooth; hilum 10-14 mm. Fl. and fr. Apr-Oct.
Seashores, riverbanks. Guangdong, Hainan, Taiwan [widely distributed in tropical Asia and some areas of Africa and Australia].
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