铁刀木Senna siamea

中文名(Chinese Name):铁刀木
学名(Scientific Name):Senna siamea (Lam.) H. S. Irwin et Barneby
英文名(English Common Name):
别名(Chinese Common Name):黑心树
异名Synonym):Cassia siamea Lam.  Chamaefistula gigantea G. Don  Cassia gigantea DC.  Cassia florida Vahl  Cassia arborea Macfad.  Senna sumatrana (DC.)Roxb.  Cassia siamea var. puberula Kurz
科属Family & Genus):云实科,Caesalpiniaceae山扁豆属Senna
形态特征(Description):乔木,高约10米左右;树皮灰色,近光滑,稍纵裂;嫩枝有棱条,疏被短柔毛。叶长20-30厘米;叶轴与叶柄无腺体,被微柔毛;小叶对生,6-10对,革质,长圆形或长圆状椭圆形,长3-6.5厘米,宽1.5-2.5厘米,顶端圆钝,常微凹,有短尖头,基部圆形,上面光滑无毛,下面粉白色,边全缘;小叶柄长2-3毫米;托叶线形,早落。总状花序生于枝条顶端的叶腋,并排成伞房花序状;苞片线形,长5-6毫米;萼片近圆形,不等大,外生的较小,内生的较大,外被细毛;花瓣黄色,阔倒卵形,长12-14毫米,具短柄;雄蕊10枚,其中7枚发育,3枚退化,花药顶孔开裂;子房无柄,被白色柔毛。荚果扁平,长15-30厘米,宽1-1.5厘米,边缘加厚,被柔毛,熟时带紫褐色;种子10-20颗。花期10-11月;果期12月-翌年1月。
分布(Distribution):除云南有野生外,南方各省区均有栽培。印度、缅甸、泰国有分布。
用途(Use):本种在我国栽培历史悠久,木材坚硬致密,耐水湿,不受虫蚝,为上等家具原料。
引自中国植物志英文版:FOC Vol. 10 Page 29     
Senna siamea (Lamarck) H. S. Irwin & Barneby, Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 35: 98. 1982.
铁刀木 tie dao mu | Fabaceae  | Senna
Cassia siamea Lamarck, Encycl. 1: 648. 1785.
Trees, 10-15 m tall. Bark gray, subsmooth; young branches ribbed, sparsely puberulent. Leaves 20-30 cm; stip­ules caducous, linear, tiny; rachis and petiole without glands, puberulent; leaflets 6-10(-15) pairs, oblong or ovate-oblong, 3-7 × 1.5-2.5 cm, leathery, abaxially finely pubescent, adaxially smooth and glabrous, base rounded, apex obtusely rounded, often emarginate, mucronate. Racemes in axils of apical leaves, often several forming a large terminal panicle on a robust pe­duncle 5-7 cm; bracts linear, 5-6 mm. Sepals suborbicular, unequal in size, outer smaller, inner larger, ca. 9 mm, outside hairy. Petals yellow, broadly obovate, 1.2-1.5 cm, shortly clawed. Stamens 10, among them 7 fertile, anthers opening by apical pores, 2 with filaments ca. 10 mm and anthers 6-7 mm, 4 or 5 with filaments 2-3 mm and anthers 5-6 mm, staminodes ca. 3 mm. Ovary sessile, densely white pubescent. Legume flat­tened, 15-30 × 1-1.5 cm, suture thick, riblike, pubescent, pur­plish brown when mature. Seeds 10-30, light brown, ovoid, 2-2.5 × 5-6 mm. 2n = 28.
Cultivated in S China [native to Myanmar and Thailand, and probably also to Cambodia, Laos, and Vietnam; widely cultivated in the tropics].
This tree is planted as an ornamental in parks and gardens and is used as a wayside tree. The hard, durable wood is used for furniture.
 铁刀木Senna siamea

铁刀木Senna siamea

铁刀木Senna siamea

铁刀木Senna siamea
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