毛山楂Crataegus maximowiczii

中文名(Chinese Name):毛山楂
学名(Scientific Name):Crataegus maximowiczii Schneid.
英文名(English Common Name):
别名(Chinese Common Name):
异名(Synonym):Crataegus beipiaogensis S. L. Tung et X. J. Tian  Crataegus altaica var. villosa (Rupr.) Lange  Crataegus sanguinea var. villosa Rupr.  Crataegus maximowiczii var. ninganensis S. Q. Nie et B. J. Jen  Mespilus sanguinea var. villosa (Rupr.) Asch. & Graebn.
科属(Family & Genus):蔷薇科(Rosaceae)山楂属
形态特征(Description):灌木或小乔木,高达7米,无刺或有刺,长1.5-3.5厘米;小枝粗壮,圆柱形,嫩时密被灰白色柔毛,二年生枝无毛,紫褐色,多年生枝灰褐色,有光泽,疏生长圆形皮孔;冬芽卵形,先端圆钝,无毛,有光泽,紫褐色。叶片宽卵形或菱状卵形,长4-6厘米,宽3-5厘米,先端急尖,基部楔形,边缘每侧各有3-5浅裂和疏生重锯齿,上面散生短柔毛,下面密被灰白色长柔毛,沿叶脉较密;叶柄长1-2.5厘米,被稀疏柔毛;托叶膜质,半月形或卵状披针形,先端渐尖,边缘有深锯齿,长4-5毫米,脱落很早。复伞房花序,多花,直径4-5厘米,总花梗和花梗均被灰白色柔毛,花梗长3-8毫米;苞片膜质,线状披针形,长约5毫米,边缘有腺齿,早落;花直径约1.2厘米;萼筒钟状,外被灰白色柔毛,长约4毫米;萼片三角卵形或三角状披针形,先端渐尖或急尖,全缘,比萼筒稍短,外被灰白色柔毛,内面较少;花瓣近圆形,直径约5毫米,白色;雄蕊20,比花瓣短;花柱 (2) 3-5,基部被柔毛,柱头头状。果实球形,直径约8毫米,红色,幼时被柔毛,以后脱落无毛;萼片宿存,反折;小核3-5,两侧有凹痕。花期5-6月,果期8-9月。
分布(Distribution):产东北、内蒙古,生海拔200-1000米杂木林中或林边、河岸沟边及路边。俄罗斯西、朝鲜及日本也有。
用途(Use):木材可作家具、文具、木柜等,果可食。
引自中国植物志英文版:FOC Vol. 9 Page 115     
Crataegus maximowiczii C. K. Schneider, Ill. Handb. Laubholzk. 1: 771. 1906.
毛山楂 mao shan zha| Rosaceae  | Crataegus
Crataegus altaica (Loudon) Lange var. villosa (Ruprecht) Lange; C. beipiaogensis S. L. Tung & X. J. Tian; C. maximowiczii var. ninganensis S. Q. Nie & B. J. Jen; C. sanguinea Pallas var. villosa Ruprecht.
Shrubs or small trees, to 7 m tall, unarmed or armed; thorns 1.5–3.5 cm. Branchlets purplish brown, terete, initially densely white pubescent, glabrescent; buds purplish brown, ovoid, glabrous. Stipules caducous, falcate, 5–8 mm, membranous, subglabrous, margin glandular serrate, apex acute or acuminate; petiole 1.5–2.5 cm, sparsely villous; leaf blade broadly ovate or rhombic-ovate, 4–6 × 3.5 cm, abaxially densely whitish villous, adaxially sparsely pubescent, base cuneate or broadly cuneate, occasionally truncate, margin remotely doubly serrate and with 3–5 pairs of lobes, apex acute. Compound corymb 4–5 cm in diam., many flowered; peduncle whitish villous; bracts caducous, linear-lanceolate, membranous. Pedicel 3–8 mm, whitish villous. Flowers ca. 1.2 cm in diam. Hypanthium campanulate, abaxially white pubescent. Sepals triangular-ovate or triangular-lanceolate, 3–4 mm, abaxially white pubescent. Petals white, suborbicular, ca. 5 mm. Stamens 20. Styles (2 or)3–5, pubescent basally. Pome purplish brown or red, globose, ca. 8 mm in diam., initially pubescent, later glabrous; fruiting pedicel 4–9 mm, initially densely white villous, glabrate when mature; sepals persistent, reflexed; pyrenes 3–5, with concave scars on both inner sides. Fl. May–Jun, fr. Aug–Sep. 2n = 32, 34*, 51*.
Near or in mixed forests, roadsides, river sides; 200--1000 m. Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol [Japan, Korea, Mongolia, Russia (E Siberia)].
 
毛山楂Crataegus maximowiczii

毛山楂Crataegus maximowiczii

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