喜树Camptotheca acuminata

中文名(Chinese Name):喜树
学名(Scientific Name):Camptotheca acuminata Decne.
英文名(English Common Name):camptotheca
别名(Chinese Common Name):旱莲木、千丈树
异名(Synonym):Camptotheca acuminata var. tenuifolia Fang et Soong  Camptotheca acuminata var. rotundifolia B. M. Yang et L. D. Duan  Camptotheca yunnanensis Dode  Cephalanthus esquirolii H.Lév. 
科属(Family & Genus):蓝果树科(Nyssaceae)喜树属
形态特征(Description):落叶乔木,高达20余米。树皮灰色或浅灰色,纵裂成浅沟状。小枝圆柱形,平展,当年生枝紫绿色,有灰色微柔毛,多年生枝淡褐色或浅灰色,无毛,有很稀疏的圆形或卵形皮孔;冬芽腋生,锥状,有4对卵形的鳞片,外面有短柔毛。叶互生,纸质,矩圆状卵形或矩圆状椭圆形,长12-28厘米,宽6-12厘米,顶端短锐尖,基部近圆形或阔楔形,全缘,上面亮绿色,幼时脉上有短柔毛,其后无毛,下面淡绿色,疏生短柔毛,叶脉上更密,中脉在上面微下凹,在下面凸起,侧脉11-15对,在上面显著,在下面略凸起;叶柄长1.5-3厘米,上面扁平或略呈浅沟状,下面圆形,幼时有微柔毛,其后几无毛。头状花序近球形,直径1.5-2厘米,常由2-9个头状花序组成圆锥花序,顶生或腋生,通常上部为雌花序,下部为雄花序,总花梗圆柱形,长4-6厘米,幼时有微柔毛,其后无毛。花杂性,同株;苞片3枚,三角状卵形,长2.5-3毫米,内外两面均有短柔毛;花萼杯状,5浅裂,裂片齿状,边缘睫毛状;花瓣5枚,淡绿色,矩圆形或矩圆状卵形,顶端锐尖,长2毫米,外面密被短柔毛,早落;花盘显著,微裂;雄蕊10,外轮5枚较长,常长于花瓣,内轮5枚较短,花丝纤细,无毛,花药4室;子房在两性花中发育良好,下位,花柱无毛,长4毫米,顶端通常分2枝。翅果矩圆形,长2-2.5厘米,顶端具宿存的花盘,两侧具窄翅,幼时绿色,干燥后黄褐色,着生成近球形的头状果序。花期5-7月,果期9月。
分布(Distribution):产江苏、浙江、福建、江西、湖北、湖南、四川、贵州、广东、广西、云南等省区,常生于海拔1000米以下的林边或溪边。
用途(Use):本种的树干挺直,生长迅速,可种为庭园树或行道树,树根可作药用。
引自中国植物志英文版:FOC Vol. 13 Page 300
Camptotheca acuminata Decaisne, Bull. Soc. Bot. France. 20: 157. 1873.
喜树 xi shu| Nyssaceae  | Camptotheca
Camptotheca acuminata var. rotundifolia B. M. Yang & L. D. Duan; C. acuminata var. tenuifolia W. P. Fang & Soong; C. yunnanensis Dode.
Trees deciduous, to 20 m high; bark light gray, deeply furrowed; young branchlets purplish, villous, old branchlets glabrous. Petiole 1.5-3 cm; leaf blade abaxially greenish and lucid, oblong-ovate, oblong-elliptic, or orbicular, 12-28 × 6-12 cm, papery, slightly pubescent, lateral veins (4-)8-11(-15) pairs, base subrounded, margin entire, apex acute. Head terminal or axillary, often 2-9-flowered, 1.5-2 in diam.; bracts 3, triangular, 2.5-3 mm, both surfaces pubescent. Calyx cup-shaped, shallowly 5-lobed. Petals 5, light green, ca. 2 mm. Disk conspic- uous. Stamens 10, outer 5 longer than petals, glabrous. Style ca. 4 mm, glabrous; stigmas 2. Fruit thinly winged, gray-brown, 2.5-3.5 cm × 5-7 mm, smooth and lucid when dry. Seed 1; cotyledons lanceolate, 2-4 × ca. 1 cm, pinniveined, with 6-8 lateral veins on each side. Fl. May-Jul, fr. Sep. 2n = 44*.
● Forest margins, by streams; below 1000 m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang.
This species is commonly cultivated mainly along roadsides.
喜树Camptotheca acuminata

喜树Camptotheca acuminata

喜树Camptotheca acuminata

喜树Camptotheca acuminata(责任编辑:徐晔春)

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