菩提树 Ficus religiosa
中文名（Chinese Name）：菩提树
学名（Scientific Name）：Ficus religiosa L.
英文名（English Common Name）：peepul tree
别名（Chinese Common Name）：思维树
异名（Synonym）：Urostigma religiosum (L.) Gasp. Ficus peepul Griff. Ficus religiosa var. cordata Miq. Ficus religiosa var. rhynchophylla Miq. Ficus rhynchophylla Steud. Ficus superstitiosa Link Urostigma affine Miq.
科属（Family & Genus）：桑科（Moraceae）榕属
形态特征（Description）：大乔木，幼时附生于其他树上，高达15-25米，胸径30-50厘米；树皮灰色，平滑或微具纵纹，冠幅广展；小枝灰褐色，幼时被微柔毛。叶革质，三角状卵形，长9-17厘米，宽8-12厘米，表面深绿色，光亮，背面绿色，先端骤尖，顶部延伸为尾状，尾尖长2-5厘米，基部宽截形至浅心形，全缘或为波状，基生叶脉三出，侧脉5-7对；叶柄纤细，有关节，与叶片等长或长于叶片；托叶小，卵形，先端急尖。榕果球形至扁球形，直径1-1.5厘米，成熟时红色，光滑；基生苞片3，卵圆形；总梗长约4-9毫米；雄花，瘿花和雌花生于同一榕果内壁；雄花少，生于近口部，无柄，花被2-3裂，内卷，雄蕊1枚，花丝短；瘿花具柄，花被3-4裂，子房光滑，球形，花柱短，柱头膨大，2裂；雌花无柄，花被片4，宽披针形，子房光滑，球形。花柱纤细，柱头狭窄。花期3-4月，果期5-6月。
分布（Distribution）：产广东、广西、云南，多为栽培。从巴基斯坦拉瓦尔品第至不丹均有野生。广东（沿海岛屿）、广西、云南（北至景东，海拔400-630米）多为栽培。日本、马来西亚、泰国、越南、不丹、锡金、尼泊尔、巴基斯坦及印度也有分布，多属栽培，但喜马拉雅山区，从巴基斯坦拉瓦尔品第至不丹均有野生。
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 5 Page 41
Ficus religiosa Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 1059. 1753.
菩提树 pu ti shu| Moraceae | Ficus
Urostigma religiosum (Linnaeus) Gasparrini.
Trees, 15-25 m tall, d.b.h. 30-50 cm, epiphytic when young, crown wide when mature. Bark gray, smooth or longitudinally ± fissured. Branchlets grayish brown, sparsely pubescent when young. Stipules ovate, small, apex acute. Petiole slender, as long as or longer than leaf blade, articulate; leaf blade triangular-ovate, 9-17 × 8-12 cm, leathery, abaxially green, adaxially dark green and shiny, base broadly cuneate to ± cordate, margin entire or undulate, apex acute to caudate with a 2-5 cm cauda; basal lateral veins 2, secondary veins 5-7 on each side of midvein. Figs axillary on leafy branchlets, paired or solitary, red when mature, globose to depressed globose, 1-1.5 cm in diam., smooth; peduncle 4-9 mm; involucral bracts ovate. Male, gall, and female flowers within same fig. Male flowers: few, near apical pore, sessile; calyx 2- or 3-lobed, margin revolute; stamen 1; filament short. Gall flowers: pedicellate; calyx 3- or 4-lobed; ovary globose, smooth; style short; stigma enlarged, 2-lobed. Female flowers: sessile; calyx 4-lobed, broadly lanceolate; ovary globose, smooth; style thin; stigma narrow. Fl. Mar-Apr, fr. May-Jun.
Cultivated. Guangdong, Guangxi, S Yunnan [native to N India, Nepal, and Pakistan; cultivated throughout the tropics].
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Ficus religiosa L.
英文名（English Common Name）：peepul tree
别名（Chinese Common Name）：思维树
异名（Synonym）：Urostigma religiosum (L.) Gasp. Ficus peepul Griff. Ficus religiosa var. cordata Miq. Ficus religiosa var. rhynchophylla Miq. Ficus rhynchophylla Steud. Ficus superstitiosa Link Urostigma affine Miq.
科属（Family & Genus）：桑科（Moraceae）榕属
形态特征（Description）：大乔木，幼时附生于其他树上，高达15-25米，胸径30-50厘米；树皮灰色，平滑或微具纵纹，冠幅广展；小枝灰褐色，幼时被微柔毛。叶革质，三角状卵形，长9-17厘米，宽8-12厘米，表面深绿色，光亮，背面绿色，先端骤尖，顶部延伸为尾状，尾尖长2-5厘米，基部宽截形至浅心形，全缘或为波状，基生叶脉三出，侧脉5-7对；叶柄纤细，有关节，与叶片等长或长于叶片；托叶小，卵形，先端急尖。榕果球形至扁球形，直径1-1.5厘米，成熟时红色，光滑；基生苞片3，卵圆形；总梗长约4-9毫米；雄花，瘿花和雌花生于同一榕果内壁；雄花少，生于近口部，无柄，花被2-3裂，内卷，雄蕊1枚，花丝短；瘿花具柄，花被3-4裂，子房光滑，球形，花柱短，柱头膨大，2裂；雌花无柄，花被片4，宽披针形，子房光滑，球形。花柱纤细，柱头狭窄。花期3-4月，果期5-6月。
分布（Distribution）：产广东、广西、云南，多为栽培。从巴基斯坦拉瓦尔品第至不丹均有野生。广东（沿海岛屿）、广西、云南（北至景东，海拔400-630米）多为栽培。日本、马来西亚、泰国、越南、不丹、锡金、尼泊尔、巴基斯坦及印度也有分布，多属栽培，但喜马拉雅山区，从巴基斯坦拉瓦尔品第至不丹均有野生。
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 5 Page 41
Ficus religiosa Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 1059. 1753.
菩提树 pu ti shu| Moraceae | Ficus
Urostigma religiosum (Linnaeus) Gasparrini.
Trees, 15-25 m tall, d.b.h. 30-50 cm, epiphytic when young, crown wide when mature. Bark gray, smooth or longitudinally ± fissured. Branchlets grayish brown, sparsely pubescent when young. Stipules ovate, small, apex acute. Petiole slender, as long as or longer than leaf blade, articulate; leaf blade triangular-ovate, 9-17 × 8-12 cm, leathery, abaxially green, adaxially dark green and shiny, base broadly cuneate to ± cordate, margin entire or undulate, apex acute to caudate with a 2-5 cm cauda; basal lateral veins 2, secondary veins 5-7 on each side of midvein. Figs axillary on leafy branchlets, paired or solitary, red when mature, globose to depressed globose, 1-1.5 cm in diam., smooth; peduncle 4-9 mm; involucral bracts ovate. Male, gall, and female flowers within same fig. Male flowers: few, near apical pore, sessile; calyx 2- or 3-lobed, margin revolute; stamen 1; filament short. Gall flowers: pedicellate; calyx 3- or 4-lobed; ovary globose, smooth; style short; stigma enlarged, 2-lobed. Female flowers: sessile; calyx 4-lobed, broadly lanceolate; ovary globose, smooth; style thin; stigma narrow. Fl. Mar-Apr, fr. May-Jun.
Cultivated. Guangdong, Guangxi, S Yunnan [native to N India, Nepal, and Pakistan; cultivated throughout the tropics].
（责任编辑：徐晔春）踩一下[2]
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