垂榕Ficus benjamina

中文名(Chinese Name):垂榕
学名(Scientific Name):Ficus benjamina L.
英文名(English Common Name):weeping fig
别名(Chinese Common Name):小叶榕
异名(Synonym):Ficus parvifolia (Miq.) Miq.  Ficus benjamina f. warringiana M.F.Barrett  Ficus benjamina subsp. comosa (Roxb.) Panigrahi & Murti  Ficus benjamina var. haematocarpa (Blume ex Decne.) Miq.  Ficus dictyophylla Wall.  Ficus lucida Aiton  Ficus neglecta Decne.  Ficus notobor Buch.-Ham. ex Wall.  Ficus papyrifera Griff.  Ficus reclinata Desf.  Ficus striata Roth  Ficus umbrina Elmer  Ficus xavieri Merr.  Urostigma neglectum Miq. 
科属Family & Genus):桑科(Moraceae)榕属
形态特征Description):大乔木,高达20米,胸径30-50厘米,树冠广阔;树皮灰色,平滑;小枝下垂。叶 薄革质,卵形至卵状椭圆形,长4-8厘米,宽2-4厘米,先端短渐尖,基部圆形或楔 形,全缘,一级侧脉与二级侧脉难于区分,平行展出,直达近叶边缘,网结成边脉,两 面光滑无毛;叶柄长1-2厘米,上面有沟槽;托叶披针形,长约6毫米。榕果成对或单 生叶腋,基部缢缩成柄,球形或扁球形,光滑,成熟时红色至黄色,直径8-15厘米,基 生苞片不明显;雄花、瘿花、雌花同生于一榕果内;雄花极少数,具柄,花被片4,宽卵 形,雄蕊1枚,花丝短;瘿花具柄,多数,花被片5-4,狭匙形,子房卵圆形,光滑,花 柱侧生;雌花无柄,花被片短匙形。瘦果卵状肾形,短于花柱,花柱近侧生,柱头膨大。 花期8-11月。
分布(Distribution):产广东、海南、广西、云南、贵州。东南亚、巴布亚新几内亚、所罗门群岛、澳大利亚北部也有。
引自中国植物志英文版:FOC |Page 45
Ficus benjamina Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., ed. 12. 2: 681. 1767; Mant. Pl. 1: 129. 1767.
垂叶榕 chui ye rong
Trees, to 20 m tall, crown wide, d.b.h. 30-50 cm. Bark gray to gray-white, smooth. Main branches producing aerial roots which can develop into new trunks; branchlets gray-white, pendulous, glabrous. Stipules caducous, lanceolate, 0.6-1.5 cm, membranous, glabrous. Petiole 1-2 cm, adaxially sulcate; leaf blade ovate to broadly elliptic, 4-8(-14) × 2-4(-8) cm, ± lea-thery, glabrous, base rounded to cuneate, margin entire, apex shortly acuminate; secondary veins 8-10 on each side of midvein, parallel, anastomosing near margin, indistinct from tertiary veins. Figs axillary on leafy branchlets, paired or solitary, purple, red, or yellow [or red with white dots] when mature, globose to depressed globose or sometimes pear-shaped, 0.8-2 cm in diam., glabrous or pubescent, base attenuate into stalk, sessile; involucral bracts inconspicuous, triangular-ovate, glabrous, persistent. Male, gall, and female flowers within same fig. Male flowers: few, shortly pedicellate; calyx lobes (3 or)4, broadly ovate; stamen 1; filament rather long. Gall flowers: many; calyx lobes (3 or)4 or 5, narrowly spatulate; ovary ovoid, smooth; style ± lateral, short. Female flowers: sessile; calyx lobes 3, shortly spatulate; style ± lateral, short; stigma enlarged. Achenes ovoid-reniform, shorter than persistent style. Fl. Aug-Nov.
Moist mixed forests, near villages; 400-800 m. SW Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, S Taiwan, Yunnan [Bhutan, Cambodia, India, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, New Guinea, Philippines, Sikkim, Thailand, Vietnam; N Australia, Pacific Islands].
垂榕Ficus benjamina

垂榕Ficus benjamina

垂榕Ficus benjamina(责任编辑:徐晔春)

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