大果榕 Ficus auriculata
中文名（Chinese Name）：大果榕
学名（Scientific Name）：Ficus auriculata Lour.
英文名（English Common Name）：Roxburgh fig
别名（Chinese Common Name）：馒头果、大无花果
异名（Synonym）：Covellia macrophylla Miq. Ficus hamiltoniana Wall. Ficus rotundifolia Roxb. Ficus sclerocarpa Griff.
科属（Family & Genus）：桑科（Moraceae）榕属
形态特征（Description）：乔木或小乔木，高4-10米，胸径10-15厘米，榕冠广展。树皮灰褐色，粗糙，幼 枝被柔毛，直径10-15毫米，红褐色，中空。叶互生，厚纸质，广卵状心形，长15-55 厘米，宽15-27厘米，先端钝，具短尖，基部心形，稀圆形，边缘具整齐细锯齿，表面 无毛，仅于中脉及侧脉有微柔毛，背面多被开展短柔毛，基生侧脉5-7条，侧脉每边3- 4条，表面微下凹或平坦，背面突起；叶柄长5-8厘米，粗壮；托叶三角状卵形，长-1.5 2厘米，紫红色，外面被短柔毛。榕果簇生于树干基部或老茎短枝上，大而梨形或扁球形 至陀螺形，直径3-5 (-6)厘米，具明显的纵棱8-12条，幼时被白色短柔毛，成熟脱 落，红褐色，顶生苞片宽三角状卵形，4-5轮覆瓦状排列而成莲座状，基生苞片3枚，卵 状三角形；总梗长4-6厘米，粗壮，被柔毛；雄花，无柄，花被片3，匙形，薄膜质，透 明，雄蕊2，花药卵形，花丝长；瘿花花被片下部合生，上部3裂，微覆盖子房，花柱侧 生，被毛，柱头膨大；雌花，生于另一植株榕果内，有或无柄，花被片3裂，子房卵圆形， 花柱侧生，被毛，较瘿花花柱长。瘦果有粘液。花期8月至翌年3月，果期5-8月。
分布（Distribution）：产海南、广西、云南、贵州、四川等，喜生于低山沟谷潮湿雨林中。印度、越南、巴基斯坦也有。
用途（Use）：榕果成熟味甜可食。
引自中国植物志英文版：
FOC Vol. 5 Page 48
Ficus auriculata Loureiro, Fl. Cochinch. 2: 666. 1790.
大果榕 da guo rong | Moraceae | Ficus
Trees, 4-10 m tall, crown elongated and wide, d.b.h. 10-15 cm; dioecious. Bark grayish brown, rough. Branchlets reddish brown, 1-1.5 cm thick, leafless in middle of stem, pubescent. Stipules reddish purple, triangular-ovate, 1.5-2 cm, adaxially shortly pubescent. Leaves alternate; petiole thick, 5-8 cm; leaf blade broadly ovate-cordate, 15-55 × (10-)15-27 cm, thickly papery, abaxially with short spreading pubescence, adaxially glabrous or puberulent on midvein or secondary veins, base cordate to occasionally rounded, margin regularly shallowly dentate, apex obtuse and mucronate; basal lateral veins 4-6, secondary veins 3 or 4 on each side of midvein, abaxially prominent, and adaxially slightly impressed or flat. Figs on specialized leafless branchlets at base of trunk and main branches, reddish brown, pear-shaped, depressed globose, or top-shaped, with 8-12 conspicuous longitudinal ridges, 3-5(-6) cm in diam., white, shortly pubescent when young, glabrescent when mature; peduncle (2-)4-6 cm, thick, pubescent; involucral bracts triangular-ovate; apical bracts in 4 or 5 rows, broadly triangular-ovate, imbricate, rosulate. Male flowers: sessile; calyx lobes 3, transparent, spatulate, thinly membranous; stamens 2; filaments long; anthers ovoid. Gall flowers: calyx lobes 3, apically free, ± covering ovary; style lateral, hairy; stigma enlarged. Female flowers: pedicellate or sessile; calyx lobes 3; ovary ovoid; style lateral, longer than in gall flowers, with hairs. Achenes with adherent liquid. Fl. Aug-Mar, fr. May-Aug.
Forests in moist valleys; 100-1700(-2100) m. S Guangdong, Guangxi, SW Guizhou, Hainan, SW Sichuan, Yunnan [Bhutan, India, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Sikkim, Thailand, Vietnam].
The fruit are edible.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Ficus auriculata Lour.
英文名（English Common Name）：Roxburgh fig
别名（Chinese Common Name）：馒头果、大无花果
异名（Synonym）：Covellia macrophylla Miq. Ficus hamiltoniana Wall. Ficus rotundifolia Roxb. Ficus sclerocarpa Griff.
科属（Family & Genus）：桑科（Moraceae）榕属
形态特征（Description）：乔木或小乔木，高4-10米，胸径10-15厘米，榕冠广展。树皮灰褐色，粗糙，幼 枝被柔毛，直径10-15毫米，红褐色，中空。叶互生，厚纸质，广卵状心形，长15-55 厘米，宽15-27厘米，先端钝，具短尖，基部心形，稀圆形，边缘具整齐细锯齿，表面 无毛，仅于中脉及侧脉有微柔毛，背面多被开展短柔毛，基生侧脉5-7条，侧脉每边3- 4条，表面微下凹或平坦，背面突起；叶柄长5-8厘米，粗壮；托叶三角状卵形，长-1.5 2厘米，紫红色，外面被短柔毛。榕果簇生于树干基部或老茎短枝上，大而梨形或扁球形 至陀螺形，直径3-5 (-6)厘米，具明显的纵棱8-12条，幼时被白色短柔毛，成熟脱 落，红褐色，顶生苞片宽三角状卵形，4-5轮覆瓦状排列而成莲座状，基生苞片3枚，卵 状三角形；总梗长4-6厘米，粗壮，被柔毛；雄花，无柄，花被片3，匙形，薄膜质，透 明，雄蕊2，花药卵形，花丝长；瘿花花被片下部合生，上部3裂，微覆盖子房，花柱侧 生，被毛，柱头膨大；雌花，生于另一植株榕果内，有或无柄，花被片3裂，子房卵圆形， 花柱侧生，被毛，较瘿花花柱长。瘦果有粘液。花期8月至翌年3月，果期5-8月。
分布（Distribution）：产海南、广西、云南、贵州、四川等，喜生于低山沟谷潮湿雨林中。印度、越南、巴基斯坦也有。
用途（Use）：榕果成熟味甜可食。
引自中国植物志英文版：
FOC Vol. 5 Page 48
Ficus auriculata Loureiro, Fl. Cochinch. 2: 666. 1790.
大果榕 da guo rong | Moraceae | Ficus
Trees, 4-10 m tall, crown elongated and wide, d.b.h. 10-15 cm; dioecious. Bark grayish brown, rough. Branchlets reddish brown, 1-1.5 cm thick, leafless in middle of stem, pubescent. Stipules reddish purple, triangular-ovate, 1.5-2 cm, adaxially shortly pubescent. Leaves alternate; petiole thick, 5-8 cm; leaf blade broadly ovate-cordate, 15-55 × (10-)15-27 cm, thickly papery, abaxially with short spreading pubescence, adaxially glabrous or puberulent on midvein or secondary veins, base cordate to occasionally rounded, margin regularly shallowly dentate, apex obtuse and mucronate; basal lateral veins 4-6, secondary veins 3 or 4 on each side of midvein, abaxially prominent, and adaxially slightly impressed or flat. Figs on specialized leafless branchlets at base of trunk and main branches, reddish brown, pear-shaped, depressed globose, or top-shaped, with 8-12 conspicuous longitudinal ridges, 3-5(-6) cm in diam., white, shortly pubescent when young, glabrescent when mature; peduncle (2-)4-6 cm, thick, pubescent; involucral bracts triangular-ovate; apical bracts in 4 or 5 rows, broadly triangular-ovate, imbricate, rosulate. Male flowers: sessile; calyx lobes 3, transparent, spatulate, thinly membranous; stamens 2; filaments long; anthers ovoid. Gall flowers: calyx lobes 3, apically free, ± covering ovary; style lateral, hairy; stigma enlarged. Female flowers: pedicellate or sessile; calyx lobes 3; ovary ovoid; style lateral, longer than in gall flowers, with hairs. Achenes with adherent liquid. Fl. Aug-Mar, fr. May-Aug.
Forests in moist valleys; 100-1700(-2100) m. S Guangdong, Guangxi, SW Guizhou, Hainan, SW Sichuan, Yunnan [Bhutan, India, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Sikkim, Thailand, Vietnam].
The fruit are edible.
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