印度紫檀Pterocarpus indicus

中文名(Chinese Name):印度紫檀
学名(Scientific Name):Pterocarpus indicus Willd.
英文名(English Common Name):pterocarpus
别名(Chinese Common Name):紫檀
异名(Synonym):Lingoum indicum (Willd.) Kuntze  Lingoum rubrum Rumph.  Pterocarpus zollingeri Miq.  Pterocarpus wallichii Wight & Arn.  Pterocarpus papuanus F.Muell.  Pterocarpus pallidus Blanco  Pterocarpus echinata Pers.  Lingoum saxatile Rumph.  Pterocarpus blancoi Merr.  Pterocarpus carolinensis Kaneh.  Pterocarpus indica Willd.  Lingoum wallichii Pierre  Pterocarpus casteelsi var. ealaensis Hauman
科属(Family & Genus):蝶形花科,Fabaceae紫檀属
形态特征(Description):乔木,高15-25米,胸径达40厘米;树皮灰色。羽状复叶长15-30厘米;托叶早落;小叶3-5对,卵形,长6-11厘米,宽4-5厘米,先端渐尖,基部圆形,两面无毛,叶脉纤细。圆锥花序顶生或腋生,多花,被褐色短柔毛;花梗长7-10毫米,顶端有2枚线形,易脱落的小苞片;花萼钟状,微弯,长约5毫米,萼齿阔三角形,长约1毫米,先端圆,被褐色丝毛;花冠黄色,花瓣有长柄,边缘皱波状,旗瓣宽10-13毫米;雄蕊10,单体,最后分为5+5的二体;子房具短柄,密被柔毛。荚果圆形,扁平,偏斜,宽约5厘米,对种子部分略被毛且有网纹,周围具宽翅,翅宽可达2厘米,有种子1-2粒。花期春季。
分布(Distribution):产台湾、广东和云南,生于坡地疏林中或栽培于庭园。印度、菲律宾、印度尼西亚和缅甸也有。
用途(Use):木材坚硬致密,心材红色,为优良的建筑、乐器及家具用材;树脂和木材药用。
引自植物志英文版:FOC Vol. 10 Page 130
Pterocarpus indicus Willdenow, Sp. Pl. 3: 904. 1802.
紫檀 zi tan | Fabaceae  | Pterocarpus
Pterocarpus wallichii Wight & Arnott; P. zollingeri Mi­quel.
Trees, 15-25 m tall. Bark grayish. Leaves 15-30 cm; stip­ules early caducous; petiolules 4-7 mm; rachis and petiolule glabrous; leaflets 5-7(-11), ovate-elliptic, 5-11 × 3.5-5.5 cm, thinly papery, both surfaces glabrous, veins slender, lateral veins 6-8 pairs, base truncate, margin entire, apex shortly acuminate. Inflorescence a raceme or panicle, mostly axillary, rarely ter­minal, 10-18 cm, puberulent. Flowers 1-1.5 cm; bracteoles 2, linear-oblong, at base of calyx. Pedicel 7-10 mm, slender. Ca­lyx campanulate, 4-6 mm, appressed brown silky; teeth broadly triangular, ca. 1 mm, 2 larger than others. Corolla yellow; petals long clawed; standard ovate-orbicular to oblong, crisped at margin; wings oblong, ca. as long as standard; keel narrowly oblong, smaller than wings. Stamens 10, diadelphous (9+1), sheath 8-9 mm, vexillary filament free to base, filaments of varying heights; anthers versatile. Ovary shortly stipitate, ob­long, 7-8 mm, densely pubescent; ovules 2; style curved; stigma minute. Legume orbicular, 4-4.5 × 3.5-4.5 cm, shortly stalked, flat, slightly hairy and reticulate opposite seed, 1-seeded, broadly winged around margin, wing to 2 cm wide. Seed brownish, reniform, narrow and oblique. Fl. Mar-Apr, fr. Apr-May.
Open forests on slopes, cultivated in villages and gardens. Guang­dong, Taiwan, Yunnan [India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam; Pacific islands].
印度紫檀Pterocarpus indicus

印度紫檀Pterocarpus indicus

印度紫檀Pterocarpus indicus(责任编辑:徐晔春)

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