银合欢Leucaena leucocephala
中文名（Chinese Name）：银合欢
学名（Scientific Name）： Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit
英文名（English Common Name）：white leadtree
别名（Chinese Common Name）：白合欢
异名（Synonym）：Leucaena glauca Benth. Leucaena salvadorensis Standl. Mimosa leucocephala Lam. Acacia frondosa Willd. Acacia leucophala Link Leucaena glabra Benth. Mimosa leucophala Lam.
科属（Family & Genus）：含羞草科,Mimosaceae银合欢属
形态特征（Description）：灌木或小乔木，高2-6米；幼枝被短柔毛，老枝无毛，具褐色皮孔，无刺；托叶三角形，小。羽片4-8对，长5-9(-16)厘米，叶轴被柔毛，在最下一对羽片着生处有黑色腺体1枚；小叶5-15对，线状长圆形，长7-13毫米，宽1.5-3毫米，先端急尖，基部楔形，边缘被短柔毛，中脉偏向小叶上缘，两侧不等宽。头状花序通常1-2个腋生，直径2-3厘米；苞片紧贴，被毛，早落；总花梗长2-4厘米；花白色；花萼长约3毫米，顶端具5细齿，外面被柔毛；花瓣狭倒披针形，长约5毫米，背被疏柔毛；雄蕊10枚，通常被疏柔毛，长约7毫米；子房具短柄，上部被柔毛，柱头凹下呈杯状。荚果带状，长10-18厘米，宽1.4-2厘米，顶端凸尖，基部有柄，纵裂，被微柔毛；种子6-25颗，卵形，长约7.5毫米，褐色，扁平，光亮。花期4-7月；果期8-10月。
分布（Distribution）：原产热带美洲，现广布于各热带地区，生于低海拔的荒地或疏林中。我国南部引种栽培。
用途（Use）：本种耐旱力强，适为荒山造林树种，亦可作咖啡或可可的荫蔽树种或植作绿篱；木质坚硬，为良好之薪炭材。
引自植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 10 Page 53
Leucaena leucocephala (Lamarck) de Wit, Taxon. 10: 54. 1961.
银合欢 yin he huan| Fabaceae | Leucaena
Mimosa leucocephala Lamarck, Encycl. 1: 12. 1783; Acacia glauca Willdenow (1806), not (Linnaeus) Moench (1794); Leucaena glauca Bentham; M. glauca Linnaeus (1763), not Linnaeus (1753).
Shrubs or small trees, 2-6 m tall. Branchlets pubescent, glabrous when old, with brown lenticels. Stipules caducous, deltoid, very small; pinnae 4-8 pairs, 5-9(-16) cm, rachis pubescent with black glands at location of lowest pinnae; leaflets 5-15 pairs, linear-oblong, 7-13 × 1.5-3 mm, main vein close to upper margin, base cuneate, margin ciliate, apex acute. Heads usually 1 or 2, axillary, 2-3 cm in diam.; peduncle 2-4 cm; bracts deciduous, pubescent. Flowers white. Calyx ca. 3 mm, outside glabrous at base, puberulent at apex, 5-toothed. Petals narrowly oblanceolate, ca. 5 mm, outside pubescent. Stamens 10, sparsely pubescent, ca. 7 mm. Ovary shortly stipitate, sparsely pubescent; stigma cupular. Legume straight, strap-shaped, flat, 10-18 × 1.4-2 cm, leathery, base attenuate, pedicel to 3 cm, pubescent, beak acute, hard. Seeds 6-25, brown, glossy, narrowly ovoid, flat, 6-9 × 3-4.5 mm. Fl. Apr-Jul, fr. Aug-Oct. 2n = 104*.
Cultivated and naturalized in Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Taiwan, Yunnan [originally from tropical America, widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions].
This plant is grown for use as green manure and fodder.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）： Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit
英文名（English Common Name）：white leadtree
别名（Chinese Common Name）：白合欢
异名（Synonym）：Leucaena glauca Benth. Leucaena salvadorensis Standl. Mimosa leucocephala Lam. Acacia frondosa Willd. Acacia leucophala Link Leucaena glabra Benth. Mimosa leucophala Lam.
科属（Family & Genus）：含羞草科,Mimosaceae银合欢属
形态特征（Description）：灌木或小乔木，高2-6米；幼枝被短柔毛，老枝无毛，具褐色皮孔，无刺；托叶三角形，小。羽片4-8对，长5-9(-16)厘米，叶轴被柔毛，在最下一对羽片着生处有黑色腺体1枚；小叶5-15对，线状长圆形，长7-13毫米，宽1.5-3毫米，先端急尖，基部楔形，边缘被短柔毛，中脉偏向小叶上缘，两侧不等宽。头状花序通常1-2个腋生，直径2-3厘米；苞片紧贴，被毛，早落；总花梗长2-4厘米；花白色；花萼长约3毫米，顶端具5细齿，外面被柔毛；花瓣狭倒披针形，长约5毫米，背被疏柔毛；雄蕊10枚，通常被疏柔毛，长约7毫米；子房具短柄，上部被柔毛，柱头凹下呈杯状。荚果带状，长10-18厘米，宽1.4-2厘米，顶端凸尖，基部有柄，纵裂，被微柔毛；种子6-25颗，卵形，长约7.5毫米，褐色，扁平，光亮。花期4-7月；果期8-10月。
分布（Distribution）：原产热带美洲，现广布于各热带地区，生于低海拔的荒地或疏林中。我国南部引种栽培。
用途（Use）：本种耐旱力强，适为荒山造林树种，亦可作咖啡或可可的荫蔽树种或植作绿篱；木质坚硬，为良好之薪炭材。
引自植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 10 Page 53
Leucaena leucocephala (Lamarck) de Wit, Taxon. 10: 54. 1961.
银合欢 yin he huan| Fabaceae | Leucaena
Mimosa leucocephala Lamarck, Encycl. 1: 12. 1783; Acacia glauca Willdenow (1806), not (Linnaeus) Moench (1794); Leucaena glauca Bentham; M. glauca Linnaeus (1763), not Linnaeus (1753).
Shrubs or small trees, 2-6 m tall. Branchlets pubescent, glabrous when old, with brown lenticels. Stipules caducous, deltoid, very small; pinnae 4-8 pairs, 5-9(-16) cm, rachis pubescent with black glands at location of lowest pinnae; leaflets 5-15 pairs, linear-oblong, 7-13 × 1.5-3 mm, main vein close to upper margin, base cuneate, margin ciliate, apex acute. Heads usually 1 or 2, axillary, 2-3 cm in diam.; peduncle 2-4 cm; bracts deciduous, pubescent. Flowers white. Calyx ca. 3 mm, outside glabrous at base, puberulent at apex, 5-toothed. Petals narrowly oblanceolate, ca. 5 mm, outside pubescent. Stamens 10, sparsely pubescent, ca. 7 mm. Ovary shortly stipitate, sparsely pubescent; stigma cupular. Legume straight, strap-shaped, flat, 10-18 × 1.4-2 cm, leathery, base attenuate, pedicel to 3 cm, pubescent, beak acute, hard. Seeds 6-25, brown, glossy, narrowly ovoid, flat, 6-9 × 3-4.5 mm. Fl. Apr-Jul, fr. Aug-Oct. 2n = 104*.
Cultivated and naturalized in Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Taiwan, Yunnan [originally from tropical America, widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions].
This plant is grown for use as green manure and fodder.
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