洋紫荆Bauhinia variegata
中文名（Chinese Name）：洋紫荆
学名（Scientific Name）：Bauhinia variegata L.
英文名（English Common Name）：mountain ebony
别名（Chinese Common Name）：宫粉羊蹄甲、红紫荆
异名（Synonym）：Bauhinia variegata var. chinensis DC. Phanera variegata (L.) Benth. Perlebia varigata (L.) A. Schmitz Bauhinia decora L. Uribe Bauhinia chinensis Vogel
科属（Family & Genus）：云实科,Caesalpiniaceae羊蹄甲属
形态特征（Description）：落叶乔木；树皮暗褐色，近光滑；幼嫩部分常被灰色短柔毛；枝广展，硬而稍呈之字曲折，无毛。叶近革质，广卵形至近圆形，宽度常超过于长度，长5-9厘米，宽7-11厘米，基部浅至深心形，有时近截形，先端2裂达叶长的1/3,裂片阔，钝头或圆，两面无毛或下面略被灰色短柔毛；基出脉(9-)13条；叶柄长2.5-3.5厘米，被毛或近无毛。总状花序侧生或顶生，极短缩，多少呈伞房花序式，少花，被灰色短柔毛；总花梗短而粗；苞片和小苞片卵形，极早落；花大，近无梗；花蕾纺锤形；萼佛焰苞状，被短柔毛，一侧开裂为一广卵形、长2-3厘米的裂片；花托长12毫米；花瓣倒卵形或倒披针形，长4-5厘米，具瓣柄，紫红色或淡红色，杂以黄绿色及暗紫色的斑纹，近轴一片较阔；能育雄蕊5,花丝纤细，无毛，长约4厘米；退化雄蕊1-5，丝状，较短；子房具柄，被柔毛，尤以缝线上被毛较密，柱头小。荚果带状，扁平，长15-25厘米，宽1.5-2厘米，具长柄及喙；种子10-15颗，近圆形，扁平，直径约1厘米。花期全年，3月最盛。
分布（Distribution）：产我国南部，印度、中南半岛也有分布。
用途（Use）：花美丽而略有香味，花期长，生长快，为良好的观赏及蜜源植物，在热带、亚热带地区广泛栽培。木材坚硬，可作农具；树皮含单宁；根皮用水煎服可治消化不良；花芽、嫩叶和幼果可食。
引自植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 10 Page 7, 9, 10
Bauhinia variegata Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 375. 1753.
洋紫荆 yang zi jing | Fabaceae | Bauhinia
Trees, deciduous, to 15 m tall. Bark dark brownish, nearly smooth; branches gray puberulent when young, later glabrous. Petiole 2.5-3.5 cm; leaf blade suborbicular or broadly ovate, 5-9 × 7-11 cm, subleathery, abaxially almost glabrous, adaxially glabrous, primary veins 9-13, secondary and higher order veins protruding, base shallowly to deeply cordate, apex bifid to 1/3, lobes rounded at apex. Inflorescence a raceme, few flowered, sometimes corymblike, axillary or terminal. Flower buds fusiform, smooth, subsessile. Calyx open as a spathe into 2 lobes. Petals white, or with pink or purplish spots, obovate or oblanceolate, 4-5 cm, clawed. Fertile stamens 5; filaments ca. as long as petals, slender. Staminodes 1-5 and small, or ?absent. Ovary stalked, puberulent; style curved; stigma small. Legume linear, flat, 15-25 × 1.5-2 cm; valves woody. Seeds 10-15, compressed, suborbicular, ca. 10 mm in diam. Fl. Feb-May, fr. Mar-Jul. 2n = 28.
Tropical forests, also cultivated; 1000-1500 m. Native in S Yunnan (Xishuangbanna); widely cultivated in S China [Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam; widely cultivated in the tropics and subtropics].
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Bauhinia variegata L.
英文名（English Common Name）：mountain ebony
别名（Chinese Common Name）：宫粉羊蹄甲、红紫荆
异名（Synonym）：Bauhinia variegata var. chinensis DC. Phanera variegata (L.) Benth. Perlebia varigata (L.) A. Schmitz Bauhinia decora L. Uribe Bauhinia chinensis Vogel
科属（Family & Genus）：云实科,Caesalpiniaceae羊蹄甲属
形态特征（Description）：落叶乔木；树皮暗褐色，近光滑；幼嫩部分常被灰色短柔毛；枝广展，硬而稍呈之字曲折，无毛。叶近革质，广卵形至近圆形，宽度常超过于长度，长5-9厘米，宽7-11厘米，基部浅至深心形，有时近截形，先端2裂达叶长的1/3,裂片阔，钝头或圆，两面无毛或下面略被灰色短柔毛；基出脉(9-)13条；叶柄长2.5-3.5厘米，被毛或近无毛。总状花序侧生或顶生，极短缩，多少呈伞房花序式，少花，被灰色短柔毛；总花梗短而粗；苞片和小苞片卵形，极早落；花大，近无梗；花蕾纺锤形；萼佛焰苞状，被短柔毛，一侧开裂为一广卵形、长2-3厘米的裂片；花托长12毫米；花瓣倒卵形或倒披针形，长4-5厘米，具瓣柄，紫红色或淡红色，杂以黄绿色及暗紫色的斑纹，近轴一片较阔；能育雄蕊5,花丝纤细，无毛，长约4厘米；退化雄蕊1-5，丝状，较短；子房具柄，被柔毛，尤以缝线上被毛较密，柱头小。荚果带状，扁平，长15-25厘米，宽1.5-2厘米，具长柄及喙；种子10-15颗，近圆形，扁平，直径约1厘米。花期全年，3月最盛。
分布（Distribution）：产我国南部，印度、中南半岛也有分布。
用途（Use）：花美丽而略有香味，花期长，生长快，为良好的观赏及蜜源植物，在热带、亚热带地区广泛栽培。木材坚硬，可作农具；树皮含单宁；根皮用水煎服可治消化不良；花芽、嫩叶和幼果可食。
引自植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 10 Page 7, 9, 10
Bauhinia variegata Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 375. 1753.
洋紫荆 yang zi jing | Fabaceae | Bauhinia
Trees, deciduous, to 15 m tall. Bark dark brownish, nearly smooth; branches gray puberulent when young, later glabrous. Petiole 2.5-3.5 cm; leaf blade suborbicular or broadly ovate, 5-9 × 7-11 cm, subleathery, abaxially almost glabrous, adaxially glabrous, primary veins 9-13, secondary and higher order veins protruding, base shallowly to deeply cordate, apex bifid to 1/3, lobes rounded at apex. Inflorescence a raceme, few flowered, sometimes corymblike, axillary or terminal. Flower buds fusiform, smooth, subsessile. Calyx open as a spathe into 2 lobes. Petals white, or with pink or purplish spots, obovate or oblanceolate, 4-5 cm, clawed. Fertile stamens 5; filaments ca. as long as petals, slender. Staminodes 1-5 and small, or ?absent. Ovary stalked, puberulent; style curved; stigma small. Legume linear, flat, 15-25 × 1.5-2 cm; valves woody. Seeds 10-15, compressed, suborbicular, ca. 10 mm in diam. Fl. Feb-May, fr. Mar-Jul. 2n = 28.
Tropical forests, also cultivated; 1000-1500 m. Native in S Yunnan (Xishuangbanna); widely cultivated in S China [Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam; widely cultivated in the tropics and subtropics].
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