儿茶Acacia catechu

中文名(Chinese Name):儿茶
学名(Scientific Name):Acacia catechu (L. f.) Willd. [excluded]
英文名(English Common Name):black cutch
别名(Chinese Common Name):乌爹泥、孩儿茶
异名(Synonym):Acacia catechu var. wallichiana (DC) P. C. Huang  Mimosa catechu L. f.  Acacia wallichiana DC.  Mimosa catechuoides Roxb.  Acacia catechuoides (Roxb.)Benth.  Acacia catechu var. catechuoides (Roxb.)Prain
科属(Family & Genus):含羞草科,Mimosaceae金合欢属
形态特征(Description):落叶小乔木,高6-10多米;树皮棕色,常呈条状薄片开裂,但不脱落;小枝被短柔毛。托叶下面常有一对扁平、棕色的钩状刺或无。二回羽状复叶,总叶柄近基部及叶轴顶部数对羽片间有腺体;叶轴被长柔毛;羽片10-30对;小叶20-50对,线形,长2-6毫米,宽1-1.5毫米,被缘毛。穗状花序长2.5-10厘米,1-4个生于叶腋;花淡黄或白色;花萼长1.2-1.5厘米,钟状,齿三角形,被毛;花瓣披针形或倒披针形,长2.5厘米,被疏柔毛。荚果带状,长5-12厘米,宽1-1.8厘米,棕色,有光泽,开裂,柄长3-7毫米,顶端有喙尖,有3-10颗种子。花期4-8月;果期9月至翌年1月。
分布(Distribution):除云南有野生,华东、华南等引种栽培。印度、缅甸和非洲东部亦有。
用途(Use):心材碎片煎汁,经浓缩干燥即为儿茶浸膏或儿茶末,有清热、生津、化痰、止血、敛疮、生肌、定痛等功能。从心材中提取的拷胶也是工业上鞣革、染料用的优良原料。木材坚硬、细致,可供枕木、建筑、农具、车厢等用。
引自植物志英文版:FOC Vol. 10 Page 55, 57
Acacia catechu (Linnaeus f.) Willdenow, Sp. Pl. 4: 1079. 1806.
儿茶 er cha| Fabaceae  | Acacia
Mimosa catechu Linnaeus f., Suppl. Pl. 439. 1782; Acacia catechu var. wallichiana (Candolle) P. C. Huang; A. wallichi­ana Candolle.
Trees, deciduous, small, 6-10 m tall. Bark split into lami­nar strips. Branchlets pubescent, often with a pair of flat, brown, hooked spines below stipules or without spines. Leaf glands near petiolar base and between several upper leaflets of rachis; rachis villous; pinnae 10-30 pairs; leaflets 20-50 pairs, linear, 2-6 × 1-1.5 mm, ciliate. Spikes 1-4, axillary, 2.5-10 cm. Flowers yellowish or white. Calyx campanulate, 1.2-1.5 cm; teeth deltoid, hairy. Petals lanceolate or oblanceolate, ca. 2.5 cm, sparsely pubescent. Stamens numerous. Ovary ca. 1 mm, glabrous. Legume brown, straight, strap-shaped, 12-15 × 1-1.8 cm, nitid, dehiscent, stalk 3-7 mm, apex rostrate. Seeds 3-10. Fl. Apr-Aug, fr. Sep to following Jan. 2n = 26.
Native in Yunnan (Lincang, Xishuangbanna); cultivated in Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Taiwan, Yun­nan, Zhejiang [Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Thai­land; intro­duced elsewhere].
This plant is used medicinally.
儿茶Acacia catechu

儿茶Acacia catechu

儿茶Acacia catechu(责任编辑:徐晔春)

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