长叶柞木Xylosma longifolium

中文名(Chinese Name):长叶柞木
学名(Scientific Name):Xylosma longifolium Clos
英文名(English Common Name):
别名(Chinese Common Name):
异名(Synonym):Xylosma longifolium Clos  Xylosma congesta var. kwangtungensis F.P. Metcalf
科属(Family & Genus):大风子科(Flacourtiaceae)柞木属
形态特征(Description):常绿小乔木或大灌木,高4-7米;树皮灰褐色;小枝有枝刺,无毛。叶革质,长圆状披针形或披针形,长5-12厘米,宽1.5-4厘米,先端渐尖,基部宽楔形,边缘有锯齿,两面无毛,上面深绿色,有光泽,下面淡绿色,干后灰褐色,侧脉6-7对,两面突起;叶柄长5-8厘米。花小,淡绿色,多数,总状花序,长1-2厘米,花序梗和花梗无毛或近于无毛;苞片小,卵形;花直径2.5-3.5毫米;萼片4-5,卵形或披针形,长2-4毫米,外面有毛,内面无毛;花瓣缺;雄花:雄蕊多数,生在花盘的内面,花丝丝状,长约4.5毫米,花药圆形,花盘8裂;雌花:子房圆形,长3.5-4毫米,1室,侧膜胎座2个,每个胎座上有2-3颗胚珠,花柱短,柱头2裂。浆果球形,黑色,直径4-6毫米,无毛;种子2-5粒。花期4-5月,果期6-10月。
分布(Distribution):产福建、广东、广西、贵州、云南。生于海拔1000-1600米的山地林中。老挝和越南、印度也有。
用途(Use):
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 13 Page 121, 122
Xylosma longifolia Clos, Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 4. 8: 231. 1857.
长叶柞木 chang ye zuo mu  | Flacourtiaceae  | Xylosma
Xylosma congesta (Loureiro) Merrill var. kwangtungensis F. P. Metcalf; X. racemosa (Siebold & Zuccarini) Miquel var. kwangtungensis (F. P. Metcalf) Rehder.
Shrubs or small trees, evergreen, 4-7 m tall; bark gray-brown; branchlets spiny, glabrous. Stipules not seen; petiole 5-8 mm, glabrous; leaf blade narrowly elliptic, oblong-elliptic, oblong-lanceolate, or narrowly obovate, 4-15(-20) × (2-)2.5-5(-7 cm), leathery, both surfaces glabrous, lateral veins (6 or)7-11 pairs, raised on both surfaces, base acute, cuneate, very rarely obtuse, margin serrate, apex acuminate, acumen 1-2 cm. Inflorescence of short racemes or reduced panicles borne singly or in condensed clusters in leaf axils; rachis 0.5-2 cm, glabrous or puberulous; bracts ovate (staminate flowers) to lanceolate (pistillate flowers), small, 0.5-1 mm, glabrous or sparsely puberulous. Flowers greenish, 2.5-3.5 mm in diam. Pedicels 1-2 mm, slender, puberulous. Sepals 4 or 5, persistent, ovate or lanceolate, 1-2 mm, abaxially glabrous or sparsely puberulous with spreading hairs, adaxially glabrous, margin entire to erose (× 10 mag.), glabrous. Staminate flowers: stamen filaments eventually ca. 3 mm; anthers ellipsoid, minute, ca. 0.3 mm; disk glands small, ± connate. Pistillate flowers: disk annular or few lobed, ovary ovoid, ca. 2 mm; placentas 2 or 3, each with 2 or 3 ovules; styles 2 or 3, very short, 0.5-0.8 mm or less, partly or completely joined. Berry reported as red when ripe, drying black, globose, 4-6 mm in diam.; calyx, disk, and style persistent. Seeds 4 or 5, brown when dried, ca. 4 mm, ovoid, flattened on one or more sides by mutual compression, completely enclosed in a thin sheath, sheath without dark streaks. Fl. Apr-May, fr. Jun-Oct.
Mountain forests; 1000-1600 m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Yunnan [India, Laos, Nepal, Thailand, Vietnam].
"Xylosma fascicuflorum" [sic] (S. S. Lai, Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 14: 224. 1994) belongs here but was not validly published under Art. 37.2 of the Vienna Code because two gatherings were indicated as types (B. Y. Qiu 50405 and M. G. Li [M. K. Li] 697).
长叶柞木Xylosma longifolium

长叶柞木Xylosma longifolium(责任编辑:徐晔春)

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