唐竹Sinobambusa tootsik

中文名(Chinese Name):唐竹
学名(Scientific Name):Sinobambusa tootsik (Makino) Makino ex Nakai
英文名(English Common Name):
别名(Chinese Common Name):
异名(Synonym):Arundinaria dolichantha Keng  Pleioblastus dolichanthus (Keng) Keng f.  Semiarundinaria tootsik (Siebold) Muroi  Semiarundinaria okuboi Makino  Neobambos dolichanthus (Keng) P. C. Keng  Arundinaria tootsik Makino  Semiarundinaria pubens Sad.Suzuki  Neobambus dolichanthus (Keng) Keng ex Keng f.  Bambusa tootsik Sieber  Bambos tootsik Siebold  Sinobambusa tootsik f. albostriata Muroi ex Sad.Suzuki  Sinobambusa tootsik f. maeshimana (Muroi) Hatus.
科属(Family & Genus):禾本科(Gramineae)唐竹属Sinobambusa
形态特征(Description):竿高5-12米,直立,直径2-6厘米,幼竿深绿色,无毛,被白粉,尤以在下方更为显著,老竿无毛,有纵脉;节间在分枝一侧扁平而有沟槽,节间长30-40厘米,最长可达80厘米;箨环木栓质隆起,起初具紫褐色刚毛;竿环亦隆起,与箨环近同高;节内略凹下。箨鞘早落性,革质,近长方形,先端钝圆,背面初为淡红棕色,并被薄白粉和贴生棕褐色刺毛,尤以基部最密,边缘具淡黄色而基部紫红色之纤毛;竿基部者箨耳微弱,竿中部者箨耳伸出,呈卵状至椭圆状,竿先端者箨耳通常呈镰刀状弯曲,棕褐色,表面粗糙或被绒毛,边缘具长达2厘米之波曲繸毛;箨舌高4毫米,呈拱形,边缘平整,具短纤毛乃至无毛;箨片披针形乃至长披针形,绿色,外翻,具纵脉与小横脉,边缘具稀疏锯齿,先端渐尖,基部略向内收窄而后外延,脱落性;竿中部每节通常分3枝,主枝稍粗,基部略呈四方形,与竿有较大角度的开展,有时每节多达5-7枝,其节环甚为隆起,高度近于箨环的一倍,但末级分枝之二环则同高,具3-6(9)叶;叶鞘长3.5-4.5厘米,表面无毛,边缘具纤毛;叶耳不明显,偶见有呈卵状而开展者;鞘口繸毛波曲长达15毫米,略呈放射状,脱落性;叶舌短,先端截形或近圆形,高1-1.5毫米;叶片呈披针形或狭披针形,长6-22厘米,宽1-3.5厘米,先端渐尖,具锐尖头,基部钝圆形或楔形,下表面略带灰白色并具细柔毛,次脉4-8对,小横脉存在,呈宽的长方形,边缘多具锯齿;叶柄长2-6毫来。假小穗1-3(5)枚,着生在同一花枝上,顶生假小穗具长2-11毫米之柄(实为花枝的最末一节间),侧生假小穗无柄,假小穗线状细长,长8-20厘米,粗2-3毫米,基部托以2至数苞片,向上逐渐增大而与外稃相似,上部的1或2片腋内有芽;小穗轴节间长达5-7毫米,扁平,上部具微毛;小花长椭圆形,长7-12毫米,灰绿色,无毛;外稃卵形,宽7毫米,革质兼纸质,先端急尖,具短尖头,边缘生有向上的纤毛,顶端略有微毛,具15脉并有小横脉;内稃椭圆形,与外稃同长或略短,宽4毫米,先端钝圆,具2脊,脊上与先端生纤毛,脊间具微弱小横脉,纵脉不明显,脊外至边缘各具2或3脉;鳞被3,膜质,近菱形兼椭圆形或卵形,后方1片鳞被形稍不规则,上部具纤毛,基部近楔状,稍厚,具7-9脉纹,长约2.5毫米;花药长4-6毫米;淡黄色;子房圆柱形,长1.8-2毫米,无毛,花柱1,极短,柱头3,长3-4毫米许,具多数屈曲丝状毛。笋期4-5月。
分布(Distribution):产福建福州、广东、广西。越南北方有天然分布,日本、美国檀香山与欧洲早有引种栽培。
用途(Use):竹材较脆,但节间较长,常用作吹火管或搭棚架,筑篱笆等用;笋苦不堪食用,由于此竹生长茂盛,挺拔,姿态潇洒,通常可作庭园观赏之用。
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 22 Page 148
Sinobambusa tootsik (Makino) Makino, J. Jap. Bot. 2: 8. 1918.
唐竹 tang zhu | Poaceae  | Sinobambusa
Culms 5–12 m, 2–6 cm in diam.; internodes initially deep green, flattened above branches, 30–40(–80) cm, glaucous, glabrous, apically minutely papillate. Culm sheaths initially red-brown, basally suboblong, leathery, slightly glaucous, setose, densely so at base, margins ciliate, apex broadly rounded; auricles very variable, scabrid, tomentose; oral setae curved, ca. 2 cm; ligule arcuate, ca. 4 mm, uniform; blade reflexed, green, lanceolate. Leaves 3–6(–9) per ultimate branch; sheath glabrous; auricles obscure; oral setae deciduous, radiate, ca. 1.5 cm, undulate; ligule truncate or subrounded; blade 6–22 × 1–3.5 cm, secondary veins 4–8-paired, margins serrulate. Spikelets 1–3(–5), lateral spikelets sessile, terminal spikelet on 2–11 mm pedicel, linear, 8–20 × 0.2–0.3 cm; florets 7–12 mm, glabrous. Lemma ovate, ca. 7 mm wide, margins ciliate, apex acute; palea elliptic; lodicules nearly rhombic, elliptic or ovate, ca. 2.5 mm, ciliolate. Anthers light yellow. Ovary glabrous; style 1, extremely short; stigmas 3, 3–4 mm. New shoots Apr–May.
Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi [N Vietnam; introduced in Japan].
唐竹Sinobambusa tootsik

唐竹Sinobambusa tootsik(责任编辑:徐晔春)

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