花巨竹Gigantochloa verticillata

中文名(Chinese Name):花巨竹
学名(Scientific Name):Gigantochloa verticillata (Willd.) Munro
英文名(English Common Name):
别名(Chinese Common Name):
异名Synonym):Bambusa maxima (Lour.) Poir.  Gigantochloa pseudoarundinacea (Steud.) Widjaja  Bambusa pseudoarundinacea Steud.  Gigantochloa maxima (Lour.) Kurz  Melocanna excelsa Roep. ex Trin.  Nastus verticillatus (Willd.) Sm.  Bambos verticillata Poir.  Bambusa excelsa (Trin.) Miq.  Arundarbor maxima (Poir.) Kuntze  Gigantochloa verticillata var. awigombong Ochse 
科属Family & Genus):禾本科(Gramineae)巨竹属Gigantochloa
形态特征(Description):竿直立但尾梢下垂而斜倚,高8-15米,直径7-10厘米,竿基部数节环生气根;节间绿色并杂以黄色纵条纹多条,长28-42厘米,幼时贴生白色或淡棕色脱落性小刺毛,以后则渐变无毛,竿壁厚约1.6厘米;节内和各节的下方均环生一圈白色绒毛;箨环被棕色小刺毛,箨鞘早落性,革质,幼时绿色,亦有黄色纵条纹,背面密被贴生而易落的白色至棕色小刺毛,先端宽,稍下凹,边缘生短纤毛;箨耳不明显;箨舌高约3毫米,上缘被流苏状毛或齿裂;箨片外翻,窄卵形或三角形,长6-10厘米,基底宽3.5-4.5厘米,基部的两侧外延而各成一窄带,后者长1-2厘米,高2-3毫米,末端近圆形。分枝常自竿第四或第五节开始,每节以多枝簇生,主枝较粗长。末级小枝具8-10叶;叶鞘初时被棕色小刺毛,后变无毛;叶耳常缺;叶舌截形,高5-10毫米,全缘;叶片披针形至长圆状披针形,长24-47厘米,宽3.5-7厘米,下表面近无毛,次脉11-14对,小横脉稍明显。花果未见。
分布(Distribution):产云南省勐腊和景洪等地,香港有栽培。生于海拔400-800米的热带季雨林中,可形成竹木混交林。越南、泰国、印度、印度尼西亚、马来西亚有分布,都普遍栽培。
用途(Use):
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 22 Page 46, 47
Gigantochloa verticillata (Willdenow) Munro, Trans. Linn. Soc. London. 26: 123. 1868.
花巨竹 hua ju zhu | Poaceae  | Gigantochloa
Bambusa verticillata Willdenow, Sp. Pl. 2: 245. 1799; Arundo maxima Loureiro (1790), not Forsskål (1775); B. maxima (Loureiro) Poiret; B. pseudoarundinacea Steudel; Gigantochloa maxima (Loureiro) Kurz; G. pseudoarundinacea (Steudel) Widjaja.
Culms 8–15 m, 7–10 cm in diam.; internodes yellow striate, 28–42 cm, white or brown hispid; wall ca. 1.6 cm thick. Branches several, central dominant. Culm sheaths deciduous, green, yellow striate initially, later brown, leathery, initially densely white hispid, margins ciliate; auricles minute, inconspicuous; oral setae absent; ligule ca. 3 mm, irregularly serrate or fimbriate; blade reflexed. Leaf sheath initially pubescent; ligule 5–10 mm, entire; blade 24–47 × 3.5–7 cm. Inflorescence unknown.
Tropical rain forests; 500–800 m. Hong Kong, S Yunnan [India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam].
The application of names to this bamboo has been contentious and it is widely known as Gigantochloa pseudoarundinacea. Further study of types is required.
This species is widely planted as an ornamental.
花巨竹Gigantochloa verticillata

花巨竹Gigantochloa verticillata(责任编辑:徐晔春)

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