闭花木Cleistanthus sumatranus
中文名（Chinese Name）：闭花木
学名（Scientific Name）：Cleistanthus sumatranus (Miq.) Muell. Arg.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：火炭木、闭花
异名（Synonym）：Kaluhaburunghos sumatranus (Miq.) Kuntze Leiopyxis sumatrana Miq. Paracleisthus subgracilis Gagnep. Cleistanthus saichikii Merr. Kaluhaburunghos blancoi (Rolfe) Kuntze Kaluhaburunghos heterophyllus (Hook.f.) Kuntze Kaluhaburunghos laevis (Hook.f.) Kuntze Cleistanthus euphlebius Merr. Cleistanthus heterophyllus Hook.f. Cleistanthus laevigatus Jabl. Cleistanthus laevis Hook.f. Cleistanthus minahassae Koord. Cleistanthus oligophlebius Merr. Cleistanthus orgyalis (Blanco) Merr. Cleistanthus vidalii C.B.Rob. Gluta orgyalis Blanco
科属（Family & Genus）：大戟科（Euphorbiaceae）闭花木属
形态特征（Description）：常绿乔木，高达18米，胸径达40厘米，树干通直，树皮红褐色，平滑；除幼枝、幼果被疏短柔毛和子房密被长硬毛外，其余均无毛。叶片纸质，卵形、椭圆形或卵状长圆形，长3-10厘米，宽2-5厘米，顶端尾状渐尖，基部钝至近圆；侧脉每边5-7条，两面略不明显；叶柄长3-7毫米，有横皱纹；托叶卵状三角形，长0.5毫米，常早落。花雌雄同株，单生或3-数朵簇生于叶腋内或退化叶的腋内；苞片三角形；雄花：萼片5，卵状披针形，长2毫米；花瓣5，倒卵形，宽0.4毫米；花盘环状；退化雌蕊三棱形；雌花：长4毫米，萼片5，卵状披针形，长2.5-3毫米；花瓣5，倒卵形，长1毫米；花盘筒状，近全包围子房；子房卵-圆形，花柱3，顶端2裂。蒴果卵状三棱形，长和直径约1厘米，果皮薄而脆，成熟时分裂-成3个分果爿，每分果爿内常有l颗种子；种子近球形，直径约6毫米。花期3-8月，果期4-10月。
分布（Distribution）：产广东、海南、广西和云南，常生于海拔500米以下山地密林中。东南亚也有。
用途（Use）：种子出油率35%，为不干性油，可供点灯、制皂用。树皮可提取栲胶。
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 11 Page 172, 173
Cleistanthus sumatranus (Miquel) Müller Argoviensis in A. Candolle, Prodr. 15(2): 504. 1866.
闭花木 bi hua mu | Euphorbiaceae | Cleistanthus
Leiopyxis sumatrana Miquel, Fl. Ned. Ind., Eerste Bijv. 446. 1861; Cleistanthus saichikii Merrill; Kaluhaburunghos sumatranus (Miquel) Kuntze; Paracleisthus subgracilis Gagnepain.
Evergreen trees up to 18 m tall, to 40 cm d.b.h.; bark red-brown, smooth; plants glabrous except for sparsely pubescent young branches and juvenile fruits and densely hirsute ovary. Stipules ovate-triangular, ca. 0.5 mm, often caducous; petiole 2-7 mm; leaf blade ovate or elliptic, 3-10(-15) × 2-5(-7) cm, papery or stiffly papery, abaxially glaucous or dull, base obtuse to rounded, apex caudate; lateral veins (4 or)5-7(-8) pairs, slightly obscure. Flowers in axillary few-flowered fascicles (up to ca. 7), subtended by normal leaves, or on smaller-leaved or spikelike leafless axes; bracts triangular. Male flowers: sepals 5, ovate-lanceolate, ca. 2 mm; petals 5, obovate, ca. 0.8 mm; disk annular; rudimentary ovary 3-angled. Female flowers: sepals 5, ovate-lanceolate, 2-3 mm; petals 5, obovate, ca. 1 mm; disk cylindric, nearly as long as ovary; ovary ovoid to globose; styles 3, bifid. Capsules red, ovoid-trigonous, ca. 1 × 1 cm; carpodermis thin, 3-valved when mature. Seeds usually 1, subglobose to ovoid, up to 6 mm. Fl. Mar-Aug, fr. Apr-Oct.
Dense deciduous or evergreen forests; sea level to 500(-700) m. Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Yunnan [Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Vietnam].
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Cleistanthus sumatranus (Miq.) Muell. Arg.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：火炭木、闭花
异名（Synonym）：Kaluhaburunghos sumatranus (Miq.) Kuntze Leiopyxis sumatrana Miq. Paracleisthus subgracilis Gagnep. Cleistanthus saichikii Merr. Kaluhaburunghos blancoi (Rolfe) Kuntze Kaluhaburunghos heterophyllus (Hook.f.) Kuntze Kaluhaburunghos laevis (Hook.f.) Kuntze Cleistanthus euphlebius Merr. Cleistanthus heterophyllus Hook.f. Cleistanthus laevigatus Jabl. Cleistanthus laevis Hook.f. Cleistanthus minahassae Koord. Cleistanthus oligophlebius Merr. Cleistanthus orgyalis (Blanco) Merr. Cleistanthus vidalii C.B.Rob. Gluta orgyalis Blanco
科属（Family & Genus）：大戟科（Euphorbiaceae）闭花木属
形态特征（Description）：常绿乔木，高达18米，胸径达40厘米，树干通直，树皮红褐色，平滑；除幼枝、幼果被疏短柔毛和子房密被长硬毛外，其余均无毛。叶片纸质，卵形、椭圆形或卵状长圆形，长3-10厘米，宽2-5厘米，顶端尾状渐尖，基部钝至近圆；侧脉每边5-7条，两面略不明显；叶柄长3-7毫米，有横皱纹；托叶卵状三角形，长0.5毫米，常早落。花雌雄同株，单生或3-数朵簇生于叶腋内或退化叶的腋内；苞片三角形；雄花：萼片5，卵状披针形，长2毫米；花瓣5，倒卵形，宽0.4毫米；花盘环状；退化雌蕊三棱形；雌花：长4毫米，萼片5，卵状披针形，长2.5-3毫米；花瓣5，倒卵形，长1毫米；花盘筒状，近全包围子房；子房卵-圆形，花柱3，顶端2裂。蒴果卵状三棱形，长和直径约1厘米，果皮薄而脆，成熟时分裂-成3个分果爿，每分果爿内常有l颗种子；种子近球形，直径约6毫米。花期3-8月，果期4-10月。
分布（Distribution）：产广东、海南、广西和云南，常生于海拔500米以下山地密林中。东南亚也有。
用途（Use）：种子出油率35%，为不干性油，可供点灯、制皂用。树皮可提取栲胶。
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 11 Page 172, 173
Cleistanthus sumatranus (Miquel) Müller Argoviensis in A. Candolle, Prodr. 15(2): 504. 1866.
闭花木 bi hua mu | Euphorbiaceae | Cleistanthus
Leiopyxis sumatrana Miquel, Fl. Ned. Ind., Eerste Bijv. 446. 1861; Cleistanthus saichikii Merrill; Kaluhaburunghos sumatranus (Miquel) Kuntze; Paracleisthus subgracilis Gagnepain.
Evergreen trees up to 18 m tall, to 40 cm d.b.h.; bark red-brown, smooth; plants glabrous except for sparsely pubescent young branches and juvenile fruits and densely hirsute ovary. Stipules ovate-triangular, ca. 0.5 mm, often caducous; petiole 2-7 mm; leaf blade ovate or elliptic, 3-10(-15) × 2-5(-7) cm, papery or stiffly papery, abaxially glaucous or dull, base obtuse to rounded, apex caudate; lateral veins (4 or)5-7(-8) pairs, slightly obscure. Flowers in axillary few-flowered fascicles (up to ca. 7), subtended by normal leaves, or on smaller-leaved or spikelike leafless axes; bracts triangular. Male flowers: sepals 5, ovate-lanceolate, ca. 2 mm; petals 5, obovate, ca. 0.8 mm; disk annular; rudimentary ovary 3-angled. Female flowers: sepals 5, ovate-lanceolate, 2-3 mm; petals 5, obovate, ca. 1 mm; disk cylindric, nearly as long as ovary; ovary ovoid to globose; styles 3, bifid. Capsules red, ovoid-trigonous, ca. 1 × 1 cm; carpodermis thin, 3-valved when mature. Seeds usually 1, subglobose to ovoid, up to 6 mm. Fl. Mar-Aug, fr. Apr-Oct.
Dense deciduous or evergreen forests; sea level to 500(-700) m. Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Yunnan [Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Vietnam].
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