马缨花杜鹃Rhododendron delavayi
中文名（Chinese Name）：马缨花杜鹃
学名（Scientific Name）：Rhododendron delavayi Franch.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：马缨花
异名（Synonym）：Rhododendron arboreum subsp. delavayi (Franch.) D. F. Chamb. Rhododendron pilovittatum I. B. Balfour et W. W. Sm.
科属（Family & Genus）：杜鹃花科（Ericaceae）杜鹃属
形态特征（Description）：常绿灌木或小乔木，高1-7（-12）米；树皮淡灰褐色，薄片状剥落；幼枝粗壮，被白色绒毛，后变为无毛。顶生冬芽卵圆形，淡绿色，长6-7毫米，多少被白色绒毛。叶革质，长圆状披针形，长7-15厘米，宽1.5-4.5厘米，先端钝尖或急尖，基部楔形，边缘反卷，上面深绿至淡绿色，成长后无毛，下面有白色至灰色或淡褐色海绵状毛被，中脉在上面凹下，下面凸出，近于无毛，侧脉14-20对，在上面凹入，下面稍凸，达于叶缘；叶柄圆柱形，长0.7-2厘米，后变为无毛。顶生伞形花序，圆形，紧密，有花10-20朵；总轴长约1厘米，密被红棕色绒毛；花梗长0.8-1厘米，密被淡褐色绒毛；苞片倒卵形，长2.5厘米，宽1.2厘米，有短尖头，两面均有绢状毛；花萼小，长约2毫米，外面有绒毛和腺体，裂片5，宽三角形；花冠钟形，长3-5厘米，直径3-4厘米，肉质，深红色，内面基部有5枚黑红色蜜腺囊，裂片5，近于圆形，长约1厘米，宽1.3厘米，顶端有缺刻；雄蕊10，不等长，长1.6-4厘米，花丝无毛，花药长圆形，长2-2.8毫米；子房圆锥形，长7毫米，密被红棕色毛，花柱长2.8厘米，无毛，柱头头状。蒴长圆柱形，黑褐色，长1.8-2厘米，直径8毫米，10室，有肋纹及毛被残迹。花期5月，果期12月。
分布（Distribution）：产广西、四川、贵州、云南、西藏南部。生于海拔1200-3200米的常绿阔叶林或灌木丛中。越南、泰国、缅甸和印度也有。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 14 Page 376
Rhododendron delavayi Franchet, Bull. Soc. Bot. France. 33: 231. 1886.
马缨杜鹃 ma ying du juan | Apiaceae | Rhododendron
Shrubs or trees, 1–7(–12) m tall; bark grayish, exfoliating into thin and small irregular flakes; young shoots stout, white-floccose, glabrescent. Winter buds ovoid, greenish, 6–7 mm, slightly tomentose. Petiole cylindric, 7–20 mm, glabrous; leaf blade leathery, long-lanceolate, 7–15 × 1–5 cm; base tapering; margin revolute; apex obtuse or acute; abaxial surface with indumentum 1-layered, spongy or somewhat agglutinated, whitish to fawn, glabrescent; adaxial surface light or dark green, ± rugose, glabrous at maturity, midrib very prominent abaxially, deeply grooved adaxially; lateral veins 14–20-paired, slightly raised abaxially, impressed adaxially; reticulate veins evident. Inflorescence spherical, umbellate, 10–20-flowered; rachis ca. 10 mm, densely rufous-tomentose. Pedicel stout, 0.8–1 cm, densely fawn-tomentose; calyx lobes 5, ca. 2 mm, triangular; corolla campanulate, fleshy, deep crimson to carmine, 3–5 × 3–4 cm, with 5 basal nectar pouches; lobes 5, ca. 1 × 1.3 cm, apex emarginate; stamens 10, unequal, 1.6–4 cm, filaments glabrous, anthers oblong, 2–2.8 mm; ovary conoid, ca. 8 mm, 10-locular, densely fawn-tomentose; style ca. 2.8 cm, glabrous or floccose to tip, stigma capitate. Capsule oblong, 18–20 × ca. 8 mm, blackish and roughened with the remains of the rusty tomentum. Fl. May, fr. Dec.
Mixed forests, evergreen broad-leaved forests, forest margins, thickets, hills, rocky slopes; 1200–3200 m. NW Guangxi, W Guizhou, SW Sichuan, SE Xizang, Yunnan [Bhutan, NE India, Myanmar, Thailand, N Vietnam].
Rhododendron delavayi intergrades with R. arboreum in Bhutan and NE India.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Rhododendron delavayi Franch.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：马缨花
异名（Synonym）：Rhododendron arboreum subsp. delavayi (Franch.) D. F. Chamb. Rhododendron pilovittatum I. B. Balfour et W. W. Sm.
科属（Family & Genus）：杜鹃花科（Ericaceae）杜鹃属
形态特征（Description）：常绿灌木或小乔木，高1-7（-12）米；树皮淡灰褐色，薄片状剥落；幼枝粗壮，被白色绒毛，后变为无毛。顶生冬芽卵圆形，淡绿色，长6-7毫米，多少被白色绒毛。叶革质，长圆状披针形，长7-15厘米，宽1.5-4.5厘米，先端钝尖或急尖，基部楔形，边缘反卷，上面深绿至淡绿色，成长后无毛，下面有白色至灰色或淡褐色海绵状毛被，中脉在上面凹下，下面凸出，近于无毛，侧脉14-20对，在上面凹入，下面稍凸，达于叶缘；叶柄圆柱形，长0.7-2厘米，后变为无毛。顶生伞形花序，圆形，紧密，有花10-20朵；总轴长约1厘米，密被红棕色绒毛；花梗长0.8-1厘米，密被淡褐色绒毛；苞片倒卵形，长2.5厘米，宽1.2厘米，有短尖头，两面均有绢状毛；花萼小，长约2毫米，外面有绒毛和腺体，裂片5，宽三角形；花冠钟形，长3-5厘米，直径3-4厘米，肉质，深红色，内面基部有5枚黑红色蜜腺囊，裂片5，近于圆形，长约1厘米，宽1.3厘米，顶端有缺刻；雄蕊10，不等长，长1.6-4厘米，花丝无毛，花药长圆形，长2-2.8毫米；子房圆锥形，长7毫米，密被红棕色毛，花柱长2.8厘米，无毛，柱头头状。蒴长圆柱形，黑褐色，长1.8-2厘米，直径8毫米，10室，有肋纹及毛被残迹。花期5月，果期12月。
分布（Distribution）：产广西、四川、贵州、云南、西藏南部。生于海拔1200-3200米的常绿阔叶林或灌木丛中。越南、泰国、缅甸和印度也有。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 14 Page 376
Rhododendron delavayi Franchet, Bull. Soc. Bot. France. 33: 231. 1886.
马缨杜鹃 ma ying du juan | Apiaceae | Rhododendron
Shrubs or trees, 1–7(–12) m tall; bark grayish, exfoliating into thin and small irregular flakes; young shoots stout, white-floccose, glabrescent. Winter buds ovoid, greenish, 6–7 mm, slightly tomentose. Petiole cylindric, 7–20 mm, glabrous; leaf blade leathery, long-lanceolate, 7–15 × 1–5 cm; base tapering; margin revolute; apex obtuse or acute; abaxial surface with indumentum 1-layered, spongy or somewhat agglutinated, whitish to fawn, glabrescent; adaxial surface light or dark green, ± rugose, glabrous at maturity, midrib very prominent abaxially, deeply grooved adaxially; lateral veins 14–20-paired, slightly raised abaxially, impressed adaxially; reticulate veins evident. Inflorescence spherical, umbellate, 10–20-flowered; rachis ca. 10 mm, densely rufous-tomentose. Pedicel stout, 0.8–1 cm, densely fawn-tomentose; calyx lobes 5, ca. 2 mm, triangular; corolla campanulate, fleshy, deep crimson to carmine, 3–5 × 3–4 cm, with 5 basal nectar pouches; lobes 5, ca. 1 × 1.3 cm, apex emarginate; stamens 10, unequal, 1.6–4 cm, filaments glabrous, anthers oblong, 2–2.8 mm; ovary conoid, ca. 8 mm, 10-locular, densely fawn-tomentose; style ca. 2.8 cm, glabrous or floccose to tip, stigma capitate. Capsule oblong, 18–20 × ca. 8 mm, blackish and roughened with the remains of the rusty tomentum. Fl. May, fr. Dec.
Mixed forests, evergreen broad-leaved forests, forest margins, thickets, hills, rocky slopes; 1200–3200 m. NW Guangxi, W Guizhou, SW Sichuan, SE Xizang, Yunnan [Bhutan, NE India, Myanmar, Thailand, N Vietnam].
Rhododendron delavayi intergrades with R. arboreum in Bhutan and NE India.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
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