胡颓子Elaeagnus pungens

中文名(Chinese Name):胡颓子
学名(Scientific Name):Elaeagnus pungens Thunb.
英文名(English Common Name):thorny olive
别名(Chinese Common Name):四枣、羊奶子
异名(Synonym):Elaeagnus simonii Carrière  Elaeagnus sinensis Koehne
科属(Family & Genus):胡颓子科(Elaeagnaceae)胡颓子属
形态特征(Description):常绿直立灌木,高3-4米,具刺,刺顶生或腋生,长20-40毫米,有时较短,深褐色;幼枝微扁棱形,密被锈色鳞片,老枝鳞片脱落,黑色,具光泽。叶革质,椭圆形或阔椭圆形,稀矩圆形,长5-10厘米,宽1.8-5厘米,两端钝形或基部圆形,边缘微反卷或皱波状,上面幼时具银白色和少数褐色鳞片,成熟后脱落,具光泽,干燥后褐绿色或褐色,下面密被银白色和少数褐色鳞片,侧脉7-9对,与中脉开展成50-60度的角,近边缘分叉而互相连接,上面显著凸起,下面不甚明显,网状脉在上面明显,下面不清晰;叶柄深褐色,长5-8毫米。花白色或淡白色,下垂,密被鳞片,1-3花生于叶腋锈色短小枝上;花梗长3-5毫米;萼筒圆筒形或漏斗状圆筒形,长5-7毫米,在子房上骤收缩,裂片三角形或矩圆状三角形,长3毫米,顶端渐尖,内面疏生白色星状短柔毛;雄蕊的花丝极短,花药矩圆形,长1.5毫米;花柱直立,无毛,上端微弯曲,超过雄蕊。果实椭圆形,长12-14毫米,幼时被褐色鳞片,成熟时红色,果核内面具白色丝状棉毛;果梗长4-6毫米。花期9-12月,果期次年4-6月。
分布(Distribution):产江苏、浙江、福建、安徽、江西、湖北、湖南、贵州、广东、广西;生于海拔1000米以下的向阳山坡或路旁。日本也有。
用途(Use):
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 13 Page 254, 257, 258, 263     
Elaeagnus pungens Thunberg in Murray, Syst. Veg., ed. 14. 164. 1784.
胡颓子 hu tui zi | Elaeagnaceae  | Elaeagnus
Shrubs, evergreen, 3-4 m tall, densely branched. Spines frequent; young branches densely brown scaly. Petiole robust, 5-15 mm, rugose, brown scaly; leaf blade oblong to narrowly so, 5-10 × 1.8-3.5 cm, leathery, abaxially with dense whitish and usually also brown scales, adaxially glabrous and glossy, lateral veins 7-9 per side of midrib, base rounded, margin obsoletely toothed with prominently undulate margins, apex obtuse to bluntly acute. Flowers few, clustered in axils. Pedicel 5-8 mm, brown scaly. Calyx tube funnelform, rather broad, 6-7 mm, abruptly narrowed at base; lobes ovate, ca. 1/2 as long as tube, apex rounded. Drupe oblong, 1.2-1.5 cm, brown scaly. Fl. Sep-Dec, fr. Apr-Jun.
Open slopes, roadsides or thickets, often near the sea; below 1000 m. Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Zhejiang [Japan].
胡颓子Elaeagnus pungens

胡颓子Elaeagnus pungens

胡颓子Elaeagnus pungens

胡颓子Elaeagnus pungens

胡颓子Elaeagnus pungens



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