异色柿Diospyros philippensis
中文名（Chinese Name）：异色柿
学名（Scientific Name）：Diospyros philippensis (Desr.) Gürke
英文名（English Common Name）：Cavanillea philippensis Desr. Diospyros discolor Willd.
别名（Chinese Common Name）：毛柿、台湾柿
异名（Synonym）：
科属（Family & Genus）：树科Ebenaceae柿属Diospyros
形态特征（Description）：常绿大乔木，树冠近球形；树皮黑褐色或近黑色，粗糙；小枝圆筒形，粗，嫩时绿色，有绢毛，后来灰色，无毛；芽卵状圆锥形，有绢毛。叶革质，通常长圆形或椭圆状长圆形，长7.5-30厘米，宽3.5-10厘米，先端渐尖，急尖，极少钝，基部钝，圆形或近心形，边缘波状，稍背卷，上面深绿色，光亮，无毛，下面淡绿色，幼时有绢毛或伏柔毛，后变粉绿色，变无毛，有腺体和细密斑点，腺体微小，主要在中脉两侧各略成一行；中脉在上面凹陷，下面凸起，侧脉每边14条或更多，小脉成密网状，侧脉和小脉在两面上都不甚清楚；叶柄短而粗壮，长约5-17毫米，疏生长毛，后变无毛。花雌雄异株，黄白色，芳香，常4数，花序腋生，密被绢毛，有苞片；雄花序有短总梗，聚伞花序式或近总状花序式，有花3-7朵，极少单生，有雄蕊约24枚，每2枚由花丝基部合生成对；雌花单生，近无梗，子房短圆锥形或扁球形，有绢状粗毛，8-10室。果无柄，扁球形，直径约8厘米，密被锈色或带黄色或灰色皱曲长柔毛，熟时红色或桃红色；种子椭圆状，长约2厘米，宽约1厘米，淡褐色；宿存萼直径1.4-2.8厘米，裂片长1-1.5厘米，外面密被绢毛，里面无毛。花期3-5月，果期9月。
分布（Distribution）：产台湾省恒春半岛、兰屿等地；生于灌丛中，有时成林，广州有栽培；分布在菲律宾、印度尼西亚和亚洲热带各地，常作果树栽培，美洲热带亦有种植。
用途（Use）：除去皮毛后的果可食，但味不好。边材灰色或淡红白色，老树的心材黑色，或黑色而混有褐色或苍绿色条纹，似真正的乌木，材质细致，很坚重，加工困难，宜作细工、家具和外部用材。
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 15 Page 232
Diospyros philippensis (Desrousseaux) Gurke in Engler & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 4, 1: 164. 1891.
异色柿 yi se shi| Ebenaceae | Diospyros
Cavanillea philippensis Desrousseaux in Lamarck, Encycl. 3: 663. 1792; Diospyros discolor Willdenow; D. utilis Hemsley.
Trees to 20 m, evergreen. Bark dark brown. Branchlets green when young, sericeous, becoming gray and glabrous. Winter buds sericeous. Petiole 0.5--1.7 cm, robust, densely pubescent; leaf blade oblong to oblong-elliptic, (7.5--)20--30 X (3.5--)7--11 cm, leathery, abaxially sericeous to appressed pubescent when young but becoming glaucous, glabrous, and with small but sharply delimited sunken glands scattered between lateral veins and 3--12 mm from midrib, adaxially glabrous, drying abaxially grayish and adaxially brown, base rounded to shallowly cordate, apex acuminate, acute, or rarely obtuse, lateral veins 10--14 or more per side and inconspicuous, reticulate veinlets almost invisible. Male flowers in sericeous (1--)3--7-flowered cymes or racemes, fragrant; pedicels 1--7 mm, densely villous; calyx densely villous, lobes 4 and oblong; corolla white, urn-shaped, outside slightly hairy; corolla lobes 4, reflexed; stamens 24. Female flowers solitary, similar to male flowers, subsessile; staminodes apparently absent; style apparently 3-cleft. Fruit sessile. Fruiting calyx 1.4--2.8 cm in diam., outside densely sericeous; lobes 4, recurved, oblong, 1--1.5 cm, villous. Berries red to pink, globose, ca. 8 cm, 8--10-locular, densely rusty, yellowish, or gray villose. Seeds dark brown with thin pale skin, 3-sided, ca. 2.7 X 1.4 X 1.4 cm. Fl. Mar-May, fr. Nov.
Coastal forests, sometimes forming pure stands; 0--200 m. Taiwan (Guishan Dao, Hengchun peninsula, Lanyu) [Indonesia, Philippines]
Diospyros philippensis is cultivated throughout tropical Asia and tropical America. The fruit are edible after removing hairs and skin but do not taste good. The wood is hard, tough, fine textured, similar to ebony, and is used for furniture, crafts, and exterior work.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Diospyros philippensis (Desr.) Gürke
英文名（English Common Name）：Cavanillea philippensis Desr. Diospyros discolor Willd.
别名（Chinese Common Name）：毛柿、台湾柿
异名（Synonym）：
科属（Family & Genus）：树科Ebenaceae柿属Diospyros
形态特征（Description）：常绿大乔木，树冠近球形；树皮黑褐色或近黑色，粗糙；小枝圆筒形，粗，嫩时绿色，有绢毛，后来灰色，无毛；芽卵状圆锥形，有绢毛。叶革质，通常长圆形或椭圆状长圆形，长7.5-30厘米，宽3.5-10厘米，先端渐尖，急尖，极少钝，基部钝，圆形或近心形，边缘波状，稍背卷，上面深绿色，光亮，无毛，下面淡绿色，幼时有绢毛或伏柔毛，后变粉绿色，变无毛，有腺体和细密斑点，腺体微小，主要在中脉两侧各略成一行；中脉在上面凹陷，下面凸起，侧脉每边14条或更多，小脉成密网状，侧脉和小脉在两面上都不甚清楚；叶柄短而粗壮，长约5-17毫米，疏生长毛，后变无毛。花雌雄异株，黄白色，芳香，常4数，花序腋生，密被绢毛，有苞片；雄花序有短总梗，聚伞花序式或近总状花序式，有花3-7朵，极少单生，有雄蕊约24枚，每2枚由花丝基部合生成对；雌花单生，近无梗，子房短圆锥形或扁球形，有绢状粗毛，8-10室。果无柄，扁球形，直径约8厘米，密被锈色或带黄色或灰色皱曲长柔毛，熟时红色或桃红色；种子椭圆状，长约2厘米，宽约1厘米，淡褐色；宿存萼直径1.4-2.8厘米，裂片长1-1.5厘米，外面密被绢毛，里面无毛。花期3-5月，果期9月。
分布（Distribution）：产台湾省恒春半岛、兰屿等地；生于灌丛中，有时成林，广州有栽培；分布在菲律宾、印度尼西亚和亚洲热带各地，常作果树栽培，美洲热带亦有种植。
用途（Use）：除去皮毛后的果可食，但味不好。边材灰色或淡红白色，老树的心材黑色，或黑色而混有褐色或苍绿色条纹，似真正的乌木，材质细致，很坚重，加工困难，宜作细工、家具和外部用材。
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 15 Page 232
Diospyros philippensis (Desrousseaux) Gurke in Engler & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 4, 1: 164. 1891.
异色柿 yi se shi| Ebenaceae | Diospyros
Cavanillea philippensis Desrousseaux in Lamarck, Encycl. 3: 663. 1792; Diospyros discolor Willdenow; D. utilis Hemsley.
Trees to 20 m, evergreen. Bark dark brown. Branchlets green when young, sericeous, becoming gray and glabrous. Winter buds sericeous. Petiole 0.5--1.7 cm, robust, densely pubescent; leaf blade oblong to oblong-elliptic, (7.5--)20--30 X (3.5--)7--11 cm, leathery, abaxially sericeous to appressed pubescent when young but becoming glaucous, glabrous, and with small but sharply delimited sunken glands scattered between lateral veins and 3--12 mm from midrib, adaxially glabrous, drying abaxially grayish and adaxially brown, base rounded to shallowly cordate, apex acuminate, acute, or rarely obtuse, lateral veins 10--14 or more per side and inconspicuous, reticulate veinlets almost invisible. Male flowers in sericeous (1--)3--7-flowered cymes or racemes, fragrant; pedicels 1--7 mm, densely villous; calyx densely villous, lobes 4 and oblong; corolla white, urn-shaped, outside slightly hairy; corolla lobes 4, reflexed; stamens 24. Female flowers solitary, similar to male flowers, subsessile; staminodes apparently absent; style apparently 3-cleft. Fruit sessile. Fruiting calyx 1.4--2.8 cm in diam., outside densely sericeous; lobes 4, recurved, oblong, 1--1.5 cm, villous. Berries red to pink, globose, ca. 8 cm, 8--10-locular, densely rusty, yellowish, or gray villose. Seeds dark brown with thin pale skin, 3-sided, ca. 2.7 X 1.4 X 1.4 cm. Fl. Mar-May, fr. Nov.
Coastal forests, sometimes forming pure stands; 0--200 m. Taiwan (Guishan Dao, Hengchun peninsula, Lanyu) [Indonesia, Philippines]
Diospyros philippensis is cultivated throughout tropical Asia and tropical America. The fruit are edible after removing hairs and skin but do not taste good. The wood is hard, tough, fine textured, similar to ebony, and is used for furniture, crafts, and exterior work.
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