山菜豆Radermachera sinica

山菜豆Radermachera sinica

山菜豆Radermachera sinica

山菜豆Radermachera sinica

中文名(Chinese Name):山菜豆
学名(Scientific Name):Radermachera sinica (Hance) Hemsl.
英文名(English Common Name):
别名(Chinese Common Name):菜豆树、豇豆树
异名(Synonym):Radermachera tonkinensis Dop;Stereospermum sinicum Hance  Radermachera borii C.E.C Fisch.
科属(Family & Genus):紫葳科(Bignoniaceae)菜豆树属
形态特征(Description):小乔木,高达10米;叶柄、叶轴、花序均无毛。2回羽状复叶,稀为3回羽状复叶,叶轴长约30厘米左右;小叶卵形至卵状披针形,长4-7厘米,宽2-3.5厘米,顶端尾状渐尖,基部阔楔形,全缘,侧脉5-6对,向上斜伸,两面均无毛,侧生小叶片在近基部的一侧疏生少数盘菌状腺体;侧生小叶柄长在5毫米以下,顶生小叶柄长1-2厘米。顶生圆锥花序,直立,长25-35厘米,宽30厘米;苞片线状披针形,长可达10厘米,早落,苞片线形,长4-6厘米。花萼蕾时封闭,锥形,内包有白色乳汁,萼齿5,卵状披针形,中肋明显,长约12毫米。花冠钟状漏斗形,白色至淡黄色,长约6-8厘米左右,裂片5,圆形,具皱纹,长约2.5厘米。雄蕊4,2强,光滑,退化雄蕊存在,丝状。子房光滑,2室,胚珠每室二列,花柱外露,柱头2裂。蒴果细长,下垂,圆柱形,稍弯曲,多沟纹,渐尖,长达85厘米,径约1厘米,果皮薄革质,小皮孔极不明显;隔膜细圆柱形,微扁。种子椭圆形,连翅长约2厘米,宽约5毫米。花期5-9月,果期10-12月。
分布(Distribution):产台湾、广东、广西、贵州及云南,生于海拔340-750米的山谷或平地疏林中。
用途(Use):根、叶、果入药,可凉血消肿,治高热、跌打损伤、毒蛇咬伤。木材黄褐色,质略粗重,年轮明显,可供建筑用材。枝、叶及根又治牛炭疽病。
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 18 Page 219
Radermachera sinica (Hance) Hemsley in J. D. Hooker, Icon. Pl. 28: pl. 2728. 1902.
菜豆树 cai dou shu | Bignoniaceae  | Radermachera
Stereospermum sinicum Hance, J. Bot. 20: 16. 1881; Radermachera tonkinensis Dop.
Trees ca. 10 m tall. Petioles, leaf axis, and inflorescences glabrous. Leaves 2(or 3)-pinnately compound; leaf rachis ca. 30 cm; lateral petiolules less than 5 mm, terminal one 1-2 cm; leaflets ovate to ovate-lanceolate, 4-7 X 2-3.5 cm, glabrous, base broadly cuneate, margin entire, apex caudate-acuminate; lateral veins 5 or 6 on each side of midrib. Inflorescences paniculate, terminal, erect, 25-35 cm; bracts linear-lanceolate, ca. 10 cm, deciduous, bractlets linear, 4-6 cm. Calyx teeth 5, ovate-lanceolate, ca. 12 mm. Corolla white to pale yellow, campanulate-funnelform, 6-8 cm; lobes rounded, ca. 2.5 cm. Stamens 4, didynamous; staminode present, filiform. Ovules 2-rowed. Style exserted; stigma 2-lobed. Capsule terete, nodding, angular, ca. 85 X 1 cm; pericarp thin leathery, indistinctly lenticellate; septum terete, slightly compressed. Seeds ellipsoid, including wing ca. 2 cm X 5 mm. Fl. May-Sep, fr. Oct-Dec.
Slopes and forests; 300-800 m. Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Taiwan, Yunnan [Bhutan, India (Assam, Darjeeling), N Myanmar, Vietnam].
中文名(Chinese Name):山菜豆
学名(Scientific Name):Radermachera sinica (Hance) Hemsl.
英文名(English Common Name):
别名(Chinese Common Name):菜豆树、豇豆树
异名(Synonym):Radermachera tonkinensis Dop;Stereospermum sinicum Hance  Radermachera borii C.E.C Fisch.
科属(Family & Genus):紫葳科(Bignoniaceae)菜豆树属
形态特征(Description):小乔木,高达10米;叶柄、叶轴、花序均无毛。2回羽状复叶,稀为3回羽状复叶,叶轴长约30厘米左右;小叶卵形至卵状披针形,长4-7厘米,宽2-3.5厘米,顶端尾状渐尖,基部阔楔形,全缘,侧脉5-6对,向上斜伸,两面均无毛,侧生小叶片在近基部的一侧疏生少数盘菌状腺体;侧生小叶柄长在5毫米以下,顶生小叶柄长1-2厘米。顶生圆锥花序,直立,长25-35厘米,宽30厘米;苞片线状披针形,长可达10厘米,早落,苞片线形,长4-6厘米。花萼蕾时封闭,锥形,内包有白色乳汁,萼齿5,卵状披针形,中肋明显,长约12毫米。花冠钟状漏斗形,白色至淡黄色,长约6-8厘米左右,裂片5,圆形,具皱纹,长约2.5厘米。雄蕊4,2强,光滑,退化雄蕊存在,丝状。子房光滑,2室,胚珠每室二列,花柱外露,柱头2裂。蒴果细长,下垂,圆柱形,稍弯曲,多沟纹,渐尖,长达85厘米,径约1厘米,果皮薄革质,小皮孔极不明显;隔膜细圆柱形,微扁。种子椭圆形,连翅长约2厘米,宽约5毫米。花期5-9月,果期10-12月。
分布(Distribution):产台湾、广东、广西、贵州及云南,生于海拔340-750米的山谷或平地疏林中。
用途(Use):根、叶、果入药,可凉血消肿,治高热、跌打损伤、毒蛇咬伤。木材黄褐色,质略粗重,年轮明显,可供建筑用材。枝、叶及根又治牛炭疽病。
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 18 Page 219
Radermachera sinica (Hance) Hemsley in J. D. Hooker, Icon. Pl. 28: pl. 2728. 1902.
菜豆树 cai dou shu | Bignoniaceae  | Radermachera
Stereospermum sinicum Hance, J. Bot. 20: 16. 1881; Radermachera tonkinensis Dop.
Trees ca. 10 m tall. Petioles, leaf axis, and inflorescences glabrous. Leaves 2(or 3)-pinnately compound; leaf rachis ca. 30 cm; lateral petiolules less than 5 mm, terminal one 1-2 cm; leaflets ovate to ovate-lanceolate, 4-7 X 2-3.5 cm, glabrous, base broadly cuneate, margin entire, apex caudate-acuminate; lateral veins 5 or 6 on each side of midrib. Inflorescences paniculate, terminal, erect, 25-35 cm; bracts linear-lanceolate, ca. 10 cm, deciduous, bractlets linear, 4-6 cm. Calyx teeth 5, ovate-lanceolate, ca. 12 mm. Corolla white to pale yellow, campanulate-funnelform, 6-8 cm; lobes rounded, ca. 2.5 cm. Stamens 4, didynamous; staminode present, filiform. Ovules 2-rowed. Style exserted; stigma 2-lobed. Capsule terete, nodding, angular, ca. 85 X 1 cm; pericarp thin leathery, indistinctly lenticellate; septum terete, slightly compressed. Seeds ellipsoid, including wing ca. 2 cm X 5 mm. Fl. May-Sep, fr. Oct-Dec.
Slopes and forests; 300-800 m. Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Taiwan, Yunnan [Bhutan, India (Assam, Darjeeling), N Myanmar, Vietnam].
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