中文名（Chinese Name）：刺楸
学名（Scientific Name）：Kalopanax septemlobus (Thunberg) Koidzumi, Bot. Mag. (Tokyo).
英文名（English Common Name）：castor aralia
别名（Chinese Common Name）：喜钉刺、云楸
异名（Synonym）：Kalopanax septemlobus var. magnificus (Zabel) Hand.-Mazz.；Acanthopanax septemlobum var. magnificum (Zabel) W. C. Cheng；Acanthopanax septemlobum var. maximowiczii W. C. Cheng；Acanthopanax septemlobus Koidz.；Acanthopanax ricinifolium var. maximowiczi (Van Houtte) C. K. Schneid.；Acanthopanax ricinifolium (Siebold et Zucc.) Seem.；Aralia maximowiczii Van Houtte；Kalopanax ricinifolium var. magnificum Zabel；Kalopanax ricinifolium var. maximowiczii (Van Houtte) Nakai；Kalopanax ricinifolium var. typicum Nakai；Kalopanax septemlobus f. maximowiczii (Van Houtte) H. Ohashi；Kalopanax septemlobus var. maximowiczii (Van Houtte) Hand.-Mazz.；Kalopanax septemlobus var. pilosus Q. Z. Yu；Kalopanax pictum var. maximowiczii (Van Houtte) H. Hara ex H. L. Li；Kalopanax pictum var. typicum Nakai；Kalopanax ricinifolius (Siebold et Zucc.) Miq.；Kalopanax ricinifolium var. chinense Nakai；Panax ricinifolium Siebold et Zucc.；Kalopanax pictum f. maximowiczii (Van Houtte) H. Hara；Kalopanax pictum Nakai；Kalopanax pictus var. magnificus (Zabel) Nakai；Kalopanax autumnalis Koidz.；Kalopanax ricinifolium var. pilosus T. T. Yu；Kalopanax septemlobus subsp. lutchuensis (Nakai) H. Ohashi；Kalopanax ricinifolius var. lutcherensis Nakai；Kalopanax pictus var. lutchuensis (Nakai) Nemoto；Tetrapanax ricinifolius Koch.；Brassaiopsis ricinifolius (K. Koch) Seem.；Acanthopanax acerifolius Schelle；Kalopanax septemlobus var. lutchuensis (Nakai) Ohwi；Kalopanax pictus var. maximowiczii (Van Houtte) H.Hara ex H.L.Li；Kalopanax ricinifolius var. chinense Nakai；Kalopanax pictus (Thunb.) Nakai；Eleutherococcus pictus；Eleutherococcus septemlobus
科属（Family & Genus）：五加科（Araliaceae）刺楸属
形态特征（Description）：落叶乔木，高约10米，最高可达30米，胸径达70厘米以上，树皮暗灰棕色；小枝淡黄棕色或灰棕色，散生粗刺；刺基部宽阔扁平，通常长5-6毫米，基部宽6-7毫米，在茁壮枝上的长达1厘米以上，宽1.5厘米以上。叶片纸质，在长枝上互生，在短枝上簇生，圆形或近圆形，直径9-25厘米，稀达35厘米，掌状5-7浅裂，裂片阔三角状卵形至长圆状卵形，长不及全叶片的1/2，茁壮枝上的叶片分裂较深，裂片长超过全叶片的1/2，先端渐尖，基部心形，上面深绿色，无毛或几无毛，下面淡绿色，幼时疏生短柔毛，边缘有细锯齿，放射状主脉5-7条，两面均明显；叶柄细长，长8-50厘米，无毛。圆锥花序大，长15-25厘米，直径20-30厘米；伞形花序直径1-2.5厘米，有花多数；总花梗细长，长2-3.5厘米，无毛；花梗细长，无关节，无毛或稍有短柔毛，长5-12毫米；花白色或淡绿黄色；萼无毛，长约1毫米，边缘有5小齿；花瓣5，三角状卵形，长约1.5毫米；雄蕊5；花丝长3-4毫米；子房2室，花盘隆起；花柱合生成柱状，柱头离生。果实球形，直径约5毫米，蓝黑色；宿存花柱长2毫米。花期7-10月，果期9-12月。
分布（Distribution）：北至东北、南至广东、西自四川、东至海滨的广大地区均有分布，生于森林、灌木林中或林缘。
用途（Use）：木材纹理美观，有光泽，易施工，供建筑、家具、车辆、乐器、雕刻、箱筐等用材。根皮为民间草药，有清热祛痰、收敛镇痛之效。嫩叶可食。树皮及叶含鞣酸，可提制栲胶，种子可榨油，供工业用。
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 13 Page 441
Kalopanax septemlobus (Thunberg) Koidzumi, Bot. Mag. (Tokyo). 39: 306. 1925.
刺楸 ci qiu | Araliaceae  | Kalopanax
Acer septemlobum Thunberg in Murray, Syst. Veg., ed. 14, 912. 1784; Acanthopanax ricinifolius (Siebold & Zuccarini) Seemann; A. ricinifolius var. maximowiczii (Van Houtte) C. K. Schneider; A. septemlobus (Thunberg) Koidzumi ex Rehder; A. septemlobus var. magnificus (Zabel) W. C. Cheng; A. septemlobus var. maximowiczii (Van Houtte) W. C. Cheng; Acer pic tum Thunberg; Aralia maximowiczii Van Houtte; Kalopanax pictus (Thunberg) Nakai; K. pictus var. magnificus (Zabel) Nakai; K. pictus f. maximowiczii (Van Houtte) H. Hara; K. pictus var. maximowiczii (Van Houtte) H. L. Li; K. ricinifolius (Siebold & Zuccarini) Miquel; K. ricinifolius var. chinensis Nakai; K. ricinifolius var. magnificus Zabel; K. ricinifolius var. maximowiczii (Van Houtte) Nakai; K. septemlobus var. magn ificus (Zabel) Handel-Mazzetti; K. septemlobus f. maximowiczii (Van Houtte) H. Ohashi; K. septemlobus var. maximowiczii (Van Houtte) Handel-Mazzetti; Panax ricinifolius Siebold & Zuccarini.
Trees, to 30 m tall. Trunk to ca. 1 m in diam.; branches stout, with numerous prickles. Petiole glabrous, 8-50 cm; leaf blade suborbicular, 9-25(-35) cm wide, papery, abaxially dark green and glabrous or nearly so, adaxially light green and usually slightly pubescent when young, 5-7-lobed; lobes broadly triangular-ovate to oblong-ovate, base cordate or rounded to nearly truncate, margin serrate, apex acuminate. Inflorescence 18-25 × 20-30 cm; peduncle 2-6 cm; umbels 1-2.5 cm in diam.; pedicels 5-10 mm, glabrous or slightly pubescent. Corolla white or yellowish green. Fruit dark blue at maturity, 3-5 mm in diam.; styles 2, united below, apical branches recurved. Fl. Jul-Aug, fr. Sep-Oct. 2n = 48.
Forests; near sea level to 2500 m. Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hebei, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Liaoning, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Japan, Korea, Russia].
This species is used for timber, medicinal purposes, and as an ornamental.
Two varieties (Kalopanax septemlobus var. septemlobus and var. magnificus) have sometimes been distinguished on the basis of minor leaf characters, but they were not retained in the most recent authoritative treatment of the genus (Ohashi, J. Jap. Bot. 69: 28-31. 1994).
（责任编辑：徐晔春）