中文名（Chinese Name）：西藏红豆杉
学名（Scientific Name）： Taxus wallichiana Zucc.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：喜马拉雅红豆杉、台湾红豆杉
异名（Synonym）：Taxus yunnanensis Cheng et L. K. Fu  Taxus wallichiana var. yunnanensis (W. C. Cheng et L. K. Fu) C. T. Kuan  Taxus baccata subsp. wallichiana (Zucc.) Pilg.  Taxus florinii Spjut  Taxus phytonii Spjut  Taxus celebica (Warb.) H.L. Li  Cephalotaxus sumatrana Miq.  Taxus sumatrana (Miq.) de Laub.  Taxus orientalis Bertol.  Cephalotaxus celebica Warb.  Taxus contorta var. mucronata Spjut  Taxus chinensis var. yunnanensis (W. C. Cheng & L. K. Fu) L. K. Fu  Taxus suffnessii Spjut  Taxus obscura Spjut  Taxus baccata var. wallichiana (Zucc.) C.K. Schneid. ex Silva Tar.  Taxus suffnesii Spjut  
科属（Family & Genus）：红豆杉科Taxaceae红豆杉属
形态特征（Description）：乔木或大灌木；一年生枝绿色，干后呈淡褐黄色、金黄色或淡褐色，二、三年生枝淡褐色或红褐色；冬芽卵圆形，基部芽鳞的背部具脊，先端急尖。叶条形，较密地排列成彼此重叠的不规则两列，质地较厚，通常直，上下几等宽或上端微渐窄，先端有凸起的刺状尖头，基部两侧对称，边缘不反曲或反曲（干叶明显），上面光绿色，下面沿中脉带两侧各有一条淡黄色气孔带，中脉带与气孔带上均密生均匀细小角质乳头状突起点。种子生于红色肉质杯状的假种皮中，柱状矩圆形，上下等宽或上部较宽，微扁，长约6.5毫米，径4.5-5毫米, 上部两侧微有钝脊，顶端有凸起的钝尖，种脐椭圆形。
分布（Distribution）：产于西藏南部海拔2500-3000米地带。阿富汗至喜马拉雅山区东段也有分布。
用途（Use）：木材心边材区别明显，纹理均匀，结构细致，硬度大，韧性强，干后少挠裂。为优良的建筑、桥梁、家具、器具、车辆等用材。可作产区的造林树种。
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 4 Page 90
Taxus wallichiana Zuccarini, Abh. Math.-Phys. Cl. Königl. Bayer. Akad. Wiss. 3: 803. 1843.
喜马拉雅红豆杉 xu mi hong dou shan | Taxaceae  | Taxus
Trees or shrubs to 30 m tall; trunk to 1.3 m d.b.h.; bark variably colored, grayish brownish, reddish, or purplish, peeling off in strips or cracking and falling off as thin scales; winter bud scales early deciduous or some persistent at base of branchlets, triangular-ovate, with or without longitudinal ridges abaxially. Leafy branchlets ± flat in living state, 3-9 × 1.5-6 cm in outline. Leaves borne at (50-)60-90° to branchlet axis, subsessile or with petiole to 1 mm; blade dark green and glossy adaxially, paler abaxially, linear to lanceolate, gradually tapered distally, usually falcate, (0.9-)1.5-3.5(-4.7) cm × (1.5-)2-4(-5) mm, midvein slightly elevated adaxially, 0.1-0.2 mm wide, densely and evenly papillate abaxially, or with papillae scattered on midvein or in 1-several lateral rows adjacent to stomatal band, or midvein not papillate, stomatal bands pale yellowish, 0.6-0.9 mm wide, densely and evenly papillate, marginal bands 0.1-0.4 mm wide, base cuneate or attenuate, asymmetric, margin flat to revolute, apex gradually acuminate or abruptly tapered and indistinctly mucronate, mucro 0.1-0.5 mm. Pollen cones scattered along 2nd year branchlet axis, ± sessile or shortly pedunculate (peduncle ca. 0.5 mm), pale yellowish, ovoid, 5-6 × ca. 3 mm; bracts usually 6, broadly ovate, pale green; microsporophylls 8-14, each with (4 or)5 or 6(-8) pollen sacs. Seed-bearing structures borne toward distal end of branchlet axis. Aril red or orange when ripe, often ± translucent. Seed ovoid or obovoid, occasionally columnar-oblong, sometimes slightly flattened, 5-8 × 3.5-5 mm, usually with obtuse ridges (sometimes trigonous and 3-ridged); apex with small mucro; hilum elliptic to suborbicular or rounded-trigonous. Pollination Sep-Apr, seed maturity Aug-Dec.
Broad-leaved, coniferous, and mixed forests, thickets, deforested rocks, open slopes; 100-3500 m. S Anhui, Fujian, S Gansu, N Guangdong, N Guangxi, Guizhou, W Henan, W Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, S Shaanxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, SE Xizang, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Bhutan, N India, ?Laos, Myanmar, Sikkim, Vietnam]
Can be used within its native range for afforestation. The wood is an excellent building material, and is also used in making vehicles, agricultural implements, furniture, and stationery. A compound recently isolated from the leaves may prove promising as an antitumor agent.
 
（责任编辑：徐晔春）