中文名（Chinese Name）：落羽杉
学名（Scientific Name）：Taxodium distichum (L.) Rich.
英文名（English Common Name）：bald cypress
别名（Chinese Common Name）：落羽松
异名（Synonym）：Cupressus disticha L.；Cupressus disticha var. nutans Aiton；Taxodium ascendens var. nutans (Aiton) Rehder；Cupressus laeta Salisb.；Schubertia disticha (L.) Mirb.；Cuprespinnata disticha (L.) J. Nelson；Taxodium distichum subsp. nutans (Aiton) E. Murray；Cupressus disticha var. patens Aiton；Taxodium distichum var. patens (Aiton) Sweet；Taxodium sinense var. pendulum Forbes；Glyptostrobus pendulus (Forbes) Endl.；Taxodium distichum var. pendulum (Forbes) Carriére；Cupressepinnata disticha (L.) J. Nelson；Cupressus montezumae Humb. & Bonpl. ex Parl. ；Glyptostrobus columnaris Carrière；Taxodium denudatum Carrière；Taxodium distichum f. confusum E.J.Palmer & Steyerm.；Taxodium distichum f. pendens Rehder；Taxodium distichum f. pendulum-elegans Beissn.；Taxodium distichum f. pendulum-novum P.Sm. ex Beissn.；Taxodium knightii K.Koch；Taxodium pyramidatum Beissn. 
科属（Family & Genus）：杉科（Taxodiaceae）落羽杉属
形态特征（Description）：落叶乔木，在原产地高达50米，胸径可达2米；树干尖削度大，干基通常膨大，常有屈膝状的呼吸根；树皮棕色，裂成长条片脱落；枝条水平开展，幼树树冠圆锥形，老则呈宽圆锥状；新生幼枝绿色，到冬季则变为棕色；生叶的侧生小枝排成二列。叶条形，扁平，基部扭转在小枝上列成二列，羽状，长1-1.5厘米，宽约1毫米，先端尖，上面中脉凹下，淡绿色，下面黄绿色或灰绿色，中脉隆起，每边有4-8条气孔线，凋落前变成暗红褐色。雄球花卵圆形，有短梗，在小枝顶端排列成总状花序状或圆锥花序状。球果球形或卵圆形，有短梗，向下斜垂，熟时淡褐黄色，有白粉，径约2.5厘米；种鳞木质，盾形，顶部有明显或微明显的纵槽；种子不规则三角形，有锐棱，长1.2-1.8厘米，褐色。球果10月成熟。
分布（Distribution）：原产北美东南部，耐水湿，能生于排水不良的沼泽地上。
用途（Use）：木材重，纹理直，结构较粗，硬度适中，耐腐力强。可作建筑、电杆、家具、造船等用。我国江南低湿地区已用之造林或栽培作庭园树。
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 4
Taxodium distichum (Linnaeus) Richard, Ann. Nat. Hist. 16: 298. 1810.
落羽杉 luo yu shan | Taxodiaceae  | Taxodium
Trees deciduous, to 50 m tall; pneumatophores present or absent around trunk; trunk swollen and buttressed at base, strongly tapered upward, to 2 m d.b.h.; bark brown, reddish brown, or gray, peeling off in long strips; crown conical, finally broadly conical, or relatively narrow and pyramidal; main branches spreading horizontally or ascending; lateral branchlets 2-ranked, axis green in 1st year, turning brown or brownish red in 1st winter. Leaves 2-ranked on annual branchlets or not, light green adaxially, yellowish green or grayish green abaxially, turning dark reddish brown in autumn, linear and flat or subulate, 4-15 × ca. 1 mm, midvein depressed adaxially, raised abaxially, stomatal lines 4-8, apex acute or sharply pointed. Pollen cones borne in terminal, crowded, short, dense racemes or panicles 5-12 cm, shortly pedunculate, ovoid. Seed cones brownish yellow or white powdery, not glaucous, globose, oblong-globose, or ovoid, (1.4-)2-4 × (1.3-)1.8-3 cm; cone scales shield-shaped, woody, ± conspicuously longitudinally grooved at apex. Seeds brown or reddish brown, irregularly triangular-pyramidal, 1.2-2.6 × 0.5-2.3 cm, sharply ridged. Pollination Mar-Apr, seed maturity (Jul-)Oct.
Used for afforestation on marshy soils, and cultivated as an ornamental. Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Henan, Hubei, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [native to SE United States]
The wood is used in buildings, ship construction, furniture manufacture, etc.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）