湿地松Pinus elliottii

湿地松Pinus elliottii

湿地松Pinus elliottii

中文名(Chinese Name):湿地松
学名(Scientific Name):Pinus elliottii Engelm.
英文名(English Common Name):
别名(Chinese Common Name):
异名(Synonym):  
科属(Family & Genus):松科Pinaceae松属
形态特征(Description):乔木,在原产地高达30米,胸径90厘米;树皮灰褐色或暗红褐色,纵裂成鳞状块片剥落;枝条每年生长3-4轮,春季生长的节间较长,夏秋生长的节间较短,小枝粗壮,橙褐色,后变为褐色至灰褐色,鳞叶上部披针形,淡褐色,边缘有睫毛,干枯后宿存数年不落,故小枝粗糙;冬芽圆柱形,上部渐窄,无树脂,芽鳞淡灰色。针叶2-3针一束并存,长18-25厘米,稀达30厘米,径约2毫米,刚硬,深绿色,有气孔线,边缘有锯齿;树脂道2-9(-11)个,多内生;叶鞘长约1.2厘米。球果圆锥形或窄卵圆形,长6.5-13厘米,径3-5厘米,有梗,种鳞张开后径5-7厘米,成熟后至第二年夏季脱落;种鳞的鳞盾近斜方形,肥厚,有锐横脊,鳞脐瘤状,宽5-6毫米,先端急尖,长不及1毫米,直伸或微向上弯;种子卵圆形,微具3棱,长6毫米,黑色,有灰色斑点,种翅长0.8-3.3厘米,易脱落。
分布(Distribution):原产美国东南部暖带潮湿的低海拔地区。
用途(Use):
引自中国植物志英文版 FOC Vol. 4 Page 20
Pinus elliottii Engelmann, Trans. Acad. Sci. St. Louis. 4: 186, plates 1-3. 1880.
湿地松 shi di song | Pinaceae  | Pinus
Trees to 30 m tall; trunk to 0.8 m d.b.h. in native range; bark orange- or purple-brown, furrowed into irregularly oblong, large, papery, scaly plates; crown conical, becoming rounded or flat topped; branchlets orange-brown, aging darker brown, stout, roughly scaly, producing 3 or 4 nodes each year; winter buds silvery brown, cylindric, scales fringed at margin. Needles 2 or 3 per bundle, slightly twisted, yellow- or blue-green, 15-20 (-24) cm × 0.2-1.5 mm, stomatal lines present on all surfaces, base with persistent sheath 1-2 cm, margin finely serrulate. Seed cones solitary or paired, pedunculate (peduncle to 3 cm), pale brown, ovoid or ovoid-cylindric when open, (7-)9-18(-20) cm, maturing in 2 years, then falling the year after seeds shed. Apophyses lustrous, slightly raised, strongly cross keeled; umbo depressed-pyramidal, with a short, stout prickle. Seeds dark brown, ellipsoid, 6-7 mm, apex oblique; wing to 2 cm.
Cultivated. Anhui (Jing Xian), Fujian (Minhou Xian), Guangdong, Guangxi, Hubei (Wuhan Shi), Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi (Ji’an Xian), Taiwan, Yunnan (Kunming Shi), Zhejiang [native to SE United States]
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