小舌唇兰 Platanthera minor
中文名（Chinese Name）：小舌唇兰
学名（Scientific Name）：Platanthera minor (Miq.) Rchb. f.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：小长距兰、卵唇粉蝶兰
异名（Synonym）：Habenaria henryi Rolfe Habenaria multibracteata W. W. Sm. Platanthera interrupta Maxim. Platanthera sigeyosii Masam. Habenaria japonica var. minor Miq. Platanthera japonica var. minor Miq. Platanthera minor var. mikurensis Hid.Takah.
科属（Family & Genus）：兰科（Orchidaceae）舌唇兰属
形态特征（Description）：植株高20-60厘米。块茎椭圆形，肉质，长1.5-2厘米，粗1-1.5厘米。茎粗壮，直立，下部具1-2 (-3)枚较大的叶，上部具2-5枚逐渐变小为披针形或线状披针形的苞片状小叶，基部具1-2枚筒状鞘。叶互生，最下面的1枚最大，叶片椭圆形、卵状椭圆形或长圆状披针形，长6-15厘米，宽1.5-5厘米，先端急尖或圆钝，基部鞘状抱茎。总状花序具多数疏生的花，长10-18厘米；花苞片卵状披针形，长0.8-2厘米，下部的较子房长；子房圆柱形，向上渐狭，扭转，无毛，连花梗长1-1.5厘米；花黄绿色，萼片具3脉，边缘全缘；中萼片直立，宽卵形，凹陷呈舟状，长4-5毫米，宽3.5-4毫米，先端钝或急尖；侧萼片反折，稍斜椭圆形，长5-6（-7）毫米，宽2.5-3毫米，先端钝；花瓣直立，斜卵形，长4-5毫米，宽2-2.5毫米，先端钝，基部的前侧扩大，有基出2脉及1支脉，与中萼片靠合呈兜状；唇瓣舌状，肉质，下垂，长5-7毫米，宽2-2.5毫米，先端钝；距细圆筒状，下垂，稍向前弧曲，长12-18毫米；蕊柱短；药室略叉开；药隔宽，顶部凹陷；花粉团倒卵形，具细长的柄和圆形的粘盘；退化雄蕊显著；蕊喙矮而宽；柱头1个，大，凹陷，位于蕊喙之下。花期5-7月。
分布（Distribution）：产华东、华中、华南及西南等地。生于海拔250～2700米的山坡林下或草地。朝鲜半岛、日本也有分布。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 25 Page 103, 109
Platanthera minor (Miquel) H. G. Reichenbach, Bot. Zeitung (Berlin). 36: 75. 1878.
小舌唇兰 xiao she chun lan| Orchidaceae | Platanthera
Habenaria japonica (Thunberg) A. Gray var. minor Miquel, Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 2: 207. 1865; H. henryi Rolfe; H. multibracteata W. W. Smith; Platanthera henryi (Rolfe) Kraenzlin; P. interrupta Maximowicz; P. multibracteata (W. W. Smith) Schlechter; P. sigeyosii Masamune.
Plants 20-60 cm tall. Rootstock tuberous, fusiform, elongate, 1.5-6 × 0.4-1.5 cm. Stem erect, stout, with 1 or 2 tubular sheaths at base, 1- or 2(or 3)-leaved. Leaves cauline, alternate, usually widely spaced, elliptic, ovate-elliptic, or oblong-lanceolate, 6-15 × 2-5 cm, base clasping, apex acute or obtuse-rounded. Peduncle robust, ridged, with 2-5 foliaceous, lanceolate bracts; rachis 10-18 cm, laxly many flowered; floral bracts ovate-lanceolate, 8-20 mm, basal ones exceeding flowers, apex acuminate. Flowers yellowish green; pedicel and ovary slightly arcuate, cylindric-fusiform, 10-15 mm. Dorsal sepal erect, forming a hood with petals, broadly ovate, concave, 4-5 × 3.5-4 mm, glabrous, 3-veined, apex obtuse or acute; lateral sepals reflexed, elliptic, oblique, 5-6(-7) × 2.5-3 mm, glabrous, 3-veined, apex obtuse. Petals ovate, oblique, 4-5 × 2-2.5 mm, 2-veined, apex obtuse; lip spreading horizontally to slightly pendulous, ligulate, 5-8 × 1.5-2.5 mm, entire, apex obtuse; spur pendulous, cylindric, 11-18 mm, apex obtuse or acute. Column 3-4 mm; staminodes conspicuous; anther locules slightly divergent; connective broad, apex concave; pollinia obovoid, with slender caudicles and suborbicular viscidia; rostellum broad, short; stigma lobes confluent, concave, large, lying directly below rostellum. Fl. May-Jul. 2n = 42.
Forests on slopes, alpine meadows; 200-3000 m. Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Japan, Korea].
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Platanthera minor (Miq.) Rchb. f.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：小长距兰、卵唇粉蝶兰
异名（Synonym）：Habenaria henryi Rolfe Habenaria multibracteata W. W. Sm. Platanthera interrupta Maxim. Platanthera sigeyosii Masam. Habenaria japonica var. minor Miq. Platanthera japonica var. minor Miq. Platanthera minor var. mikurensis Hid.Takah.
科属（Family & Genus）：兰科（Orchidaceae）舌唇兰属
形态特征（Description）：植株高20-60厘米。块茎椭圆形，肉质，长1.5-2厘米，粗1-1.5厘米。茎粗壮，直立，下部具1-2 (-3)枚较大的叶，上部具2-5枚逐渐变小为披针形或线状披针形的苞片状小叶，基部具1-2枚筒状鞘。叶互生，最下面的1枚最大，叶片椭圆形、卵状椭圆形或长圆状披针形，长6-15厘米，宽1.5-5厘米，先端急尖或圆钝，基部鞘状抱茎。总状花序具多数疏生的花，长10-18厘米；花苞片卵状披针形，长0.8-2厘米，下部的较子房长；子房圆柱形，向上渐狭，扭转，无毛，连花梗长1-1.5厘米；花黄绿色，萼片具3脉，边缘全缘；中萼片直立，宽卵形，凹陷呈舟状，长4-5毫米，宽3.5-4毫米，先端钝或急尖；侧萼片反折，稍斜椭圆形，长5-6（-7）毫米，宽2.5-3毫米，先端钝；花瓣直立，斜卵形，长4-5毫米，宽2-2.5毫米，先端钝，基部的前侧扩大，有基出2脉及1支脉，与中萼片靠合呈兜状；唇瓣舌状，肉质，下垂，长5-7毫米，宽2-2.5毫米，先端钝；距细圆筒状，下垂，稍向前弧曲，长12-18毫米；蕊柱短；药室略叉开；药隔宽，顶部凹陷；花粉团倒卵形，具细长的柄和圆形的粘盘；退化雄蕊显著；蕊喙矮而宽；柱头1个，大，凹陷，位于蕊喙之下。花期5-7月。
分布（Distribution）：产华东、华中、华南及西南等地。生于海拔250～2700米的山坡林下或草地。朝鲜半岛、日本也有分布。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 25 Page 103, 109
Platanthera minor (Miquel) H. G. Reichenbach, Bot. Zeitung (Berlin). 36: 75. 1878.
小舌唇兰 xiao she chun lan| Orchidaceae | Platanthera
Habenaria japonica (Thunberg) A. Gray var. minor Miquel, Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 2: 207. 1865; H. henryi Rolfe; H. multibracteata W. W. Smith; Platanthera henryi (Rolfe) Kraenzlin; P. interrupta Maximowicz; P. multibracteata (W. W. Smith) Schlechter; P. sigeyosii Masamune.
Plants 20-60 cm tall. Rootstock tuberous, fusiform, elongate, 1.5-6 × 0.4-1.5 cm. Stem erect, stout, with 1 or 2 tubular sheaths at base, 1- or 2(or 3)-leaved. Leaves cauline, alternate, usually widely spaced, elliptic, ovate-elliptic, or oblong-lanceolate, 6-15 × 2-5 cm, base clasping, apex acute or obtuse-rounded. Peduncle robust, ridged, with 2-5 foliaceous, lanceolate bracts; rachis 10-18 cm, laxly many flowered; floral bracts ovate-lanceolate, 8-20 mm, basal ones exceeding flowers, apex acuminate. Flowers yellowish green; pedicel and ovary slightly arcuate, cylindric-fusiform, 10-15 mm. Dorsal sepal erect, forming a hood with petals, broadly ovate, concave, 4-5 × 3.5-4 mm, glabrous, 3-veined, apex obtuse or acute; lateral sepals reflexed, elliptic, oblique, 5-6(-7) × 2.5-3 mm, glabrous, 3-veined, apex obtuse. Petals ovate, oblique, 4-5 × 2-2.5 mm, 2-veined, apex obtuse; lip spreading horizontally to slightly pendulous, ligulate, 5-8 × 1.5-2.5 mm, entire, apex obtuse; spur pendulous, cylindric, 11-18 mm, apex obtuse or acute. Column 3-4 mm; staminodes conspicuous; anther locules slightly divergent; connective broad, apex concave; pollinia obovoid, with slender caudicles and suborbicular viscidia; rostellum broad, short; stigma lobes confluent, concave, large, lying directly below rostellum. Fl. May-Jul. 2n = 42.
Forests on slopes, alpine meadows; 200-3000 m. Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Japan, Korea].
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