尖刀唇石斛Dendrobium heterocarpum
中文名（Chinese Name）：尖刀唇石斛
学名（Scientific Name）：Dendrobium heterocarpum Lindl.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：
异名（Synonym）：Callista aurea (Lindl.) Kuntze Callista heterocarpa (Wall. ex Lindl.) Kuntze Dendrobium atractodes Ridl. Dendrobium aureum Lindl. Dendrobium rhombeum Lindl. Dendrobium minahassae Kraenzl.
科属（Family & Genus）：兰科（Orchidaceae）石斛属
形态特征（Description）：茎常斜立，厚肉质，基部收狭，向上增粗，多少呈棒状，长5-27厘米，粗1-1.5厘米，不分枝，具数节，节多少肿大，节间长2-3厘米，鲜时金黄色，干后琉璜色带污黑色。叶革质，长圆状披针形，通常长7-10厘米，宽1.2-2厘米，先端急尖或稍钝，基部具抱茎的膜质鞘。总状花序出自落了叶的老茎上端，具1-4朵花；花序柄长2-3毫米，基部被2-3枚膜质鞘；花苞片浅白色，膜质，宽卵形，长4-9毫米，先端钝；花开展，具香气，萼片和花瓣银白色或奶黄色；花梗连同子房与萼片同色，长约2厘米；中萼片长圆形，长2.7-3厘米，宽约8毫米，先端钝，具5条主脉和多数支脉；侧萼片斜卵状披针形，与中萼片等大，先端近锐尖，基部稍歪斜，具7条主脉和许多支脉；萼囊圆锥形，长约7毫米；花瓣卵状长圆形，长2.5-2.8厘米，宽9-10毫米，先端锐尖，边缘全缘，具5条主脉和多数支脉；唇瓣卵状披针形，与萼片近等长，不明显3裂；侧裂片黄色带红色条纹，直立，中部向下反卷；中裂片银白色或奶黄色，先端锐尖，边缘全缘，上面密布红褐色短毛；蕊柱白色，长约3毫米，前面（腹面）两侧具紫红色而内面为黄色，基部稍扩大，具黄色的蕊柱足；药帽圆锥形，长约2.5毫米，密布细乳突，前端边缘具细齿。花期3-4月。
分布（Distribution）：产云南。生于海拔1500～1750米的山地疏林中树干上。东南亚也有。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 25 Page 371, 376
Dendrobium heterocarpum Wallich ex Lindley, Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. 78. 1830.
尖刀唇石斛 jian dao chun shi hu| Orchidaceae | Dendrobium
Callista aurea (Lindley) Kuntze; C. heterocarpa (Wallich ex Lindley) Kuntze; Dendrobium atractodes Ridley; D. aureum Lindley; D. minahassae Kraenzlin.
Stems often ascending, ± clavate, 5-27 cm, 1-1.5 cm in diam., thickly fleshy, base contracted, thickened toward apex, unbranched, with several ± swollen nodes, internodes 2-3 cm, golden yellow when fresh, sulfur-yellow tinged with dirty black when dry. Leaves oblong-lanceolate, usually 7-10 × 1.2-2 cm, leathery, base with clasping sheath, apex acute or slightly obtuse; leaf sheath papery. Inflorescence a raceme arising from apical part of deciduous old stem, 1-4-flowered; peduncle 2-3 mm; basal sheaths 2 or 3, membranous; floral bracts pale white, broadly ovate, 4-9 mm, membranous, apex obtuse. Pedicel and ovary ca. 2 cm. Flowers scented, spreading; sepals and petals silver-white or creamy yellow, lateral lobes of lip yellow with red striation, mid-lobe silver or creamy yellow, column white, purplish red on sides, yellow on inner surface, foot yellow. Dorsal sepal oblong, 27-30 × ca. 8 mm, 5-veined, apex obtuse; lateral sepals obliquely ovate-lanceolate, ca. as large as dorsal sepal, main veins 7, secondary veins many, base slightly oblique, apex subacute; mentum conic, ca. 7 mm. Petals ovate-oblong, 25-28 × 9-10(or more) mm, main veins 5, secondary veins many, margin entire, apex acute; lip ovate-lanceolate, nearly as long as sepals, inconspicuously 3-lobed; lateral lobes erect, middle part downcurved, adaxially with dense, short, reddish brown hairs, margin entire; mid-lobe acute. Column ca. 3 mm, front (adaxial surface) base slightly dilated; anther cap conic, ca. 2.5 mm, densely finely papillate, front margin denticulate.
Epiphytic on tree trunks in open forests; 1500-1800 m. S and W Yunnan [Bhutan, India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam].
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Dendrobium heterocarpum Lindl.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：
异名（Synonym）：Callista aurea (Lindl.) Kuntze Callista heterocarpa (Wall. ex Lindl.) Kuntze Dendrobium atractodes Ridl. Dendrobium aureum Lindl. Dendrobium rhombeum Lindl. Dendrobium minahassae Kraenzl.
科属（Family & Genus）：兰科（Orchidaceae）石斛属
形态特征（Description）：茎常斜立，厚肉质，基部收狭，向上增粗，多少呈棒状，长5-27厘米，粗1-1.5厘米，不分枝，具数节，节多少肿大，节间长2-3厘米，鲜时金黄色，干后琉璜色带污黑色。叶革质，长圆状披针形，通常长7-10厘米，宽1.2-2厘米，先端急尖或稍钝，基部具抱茎的膜质鞘。总状花序出自落了叶的老茎上端，具1-4朵花；花序柄长2-3毫米，基部被2-3枚膜质鞘；花苞片浅白色，膜质，宽卵形，长4-9毫米，先端钝；花开展，具香气，萼片和花瓣银白色或奶黄色；花梗连同子房与萼片同色，长约2厘米；中萼片长圆形，长2.7-3厘米，宽约8毫米，先端钝，具5条主脉和多数支脉；侧萼片斜卵状披针形，与中萼片等大，先端近锐尖，基部稍歪斜，具7条主脉和许多支脉；萼囊圆锥形，长约7毫米；花瓣卵状长圆形，长2.5-2.8厘米，宽9-10毫米，先端锐尖，边缘全缘，具5条主脉和多数支脉；唇瓣卵状披针形，与萼片近等长，不明显3裂；侧裂片黄色带红色条纹，直立，中部向下反卷；中裂片银白色或奶黄色，先端锐尖，边缘全缘，上面密布红褐色短毛；蕊柱白色，长约3毫米，前面（腹面）两侧具紫红色而内面为黄色，基部稍扩大，具黄色的蕊柱足；药帽圆锥形，长约2.5毫米，密布细乳突，前端边缘具细齿。花期3-4月。
分布（Distribution）：产云南。生于海拔1500～1750米的山地疏林中树干上。东南亚也有。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 25 Page 371, 376
Dendrobium heterocarpum Wallich ex Lindley, Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. 78. 1830.
尖刀唇石斛 jian dao chun shi hu| Orchidaceae | Dendrobium
Callista aurea (Lindley) Kuntze; C. heterocarpa (Wallich ex Lindley) Kuntze; Dendrobium atractodes Ridley; D. aureum Lindley; D. minahassae Kraenzlin.
Stems often ascending, ± clavate, 5-27 cm, 1-1.5 cm in diam., thickly fleshy, base contracted, thickened toward apex, unbranched, with several ± swollen nodes, internodes 2-3 cm, golden yellow when fresh, sulfur-yellow tinged with dirty black when dry. Leaves oblong-lanceolate, usually 7-10 × 1.2-2 cm, leathery, base with clasping sheath, apex acute or slightly obtuse; leaf sheath papery. Inflorescence a raceme arising from apical part of deciduous old stem, 1-4-flowered; peduncle 2-3 mm; basal sheaths 2 or 3, membranous; floral bracts pale white, broadly ovate, 4-9 mm, membranous, apex obtuse. Pedicel and ovary ca. 2 cm. Flowers scented, spreading; sepals and petals silver-white or creamy yellow, lateral lobes of lip yellow with red striation, mid-lobe silver or creamy yellow, column white, purplish red on sides, yellow on inner surface, foot yellow. Dorsal sepal oblong, 27-30 × ca. 8 mm, 5-veined, apex obtuse; lateral sepals obliquely ovate-lanceolate, ca. as large as dorsal sepal, main veins 7, secondary veins many, base slightly oblique, apex subacute; mentum conic, ca. 7 mm. Petals ovate-oblong, 25-28 × 9-10(or more) mm, main veins 5, secondary veins many, margin entire, apex acute; lip ovate-lanceolate, nearly as long as sepals, inconspicuously 3-lobed; lateral lobes erect, middle part downcurved, adaxially with dense, short, reddish brown hairs, margin entire; mid-lobe acute. Column ca. 3 mm, front (adaxial surface) base slightly dilated; anther cap conic, ca. 2.5 mm, densely finely papillate, front margin denticulate.
Epiphytic on tree trunks in open forests; 1500-1800 m. S and W Yunnan [Bhutan, India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam].
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