红花隔距兰Cleisostoma williamsonii
中文名（Chinese Name）：红花隔距兰
学名（Scientific Name）：Cleisostoma williamsonii (Rchb. f.) Garay
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：
异名（Synonym）：Sarcanthus williamsoni Rchb. f. Sarcanthus hongkongensis Rolfe Sarcanthus elongatus Rolfe Sarcanthus flagellaris Schltr. Cleisostoma hongkongense (Rolfe) Garay Cleisostoma elongatum (Rolfe) Garay Saccolabium sacculatum (Ridl.) Ridl. Sarcanthus demangei Guillaumin Sarcanthus flaccidus J.J.Sm. Sarcanthus sacculatus Ridl. Sarcanthus weberi Ames Sarcanthus williamsonii Rchb.f. Echioglossum elegans (Seidenf.) Szlach. Cleisostoma demangei (Guillaumin) Garay Cleisostoma elegans Seidenf. Cleisostoma sacculatum (Ridl.) Garay Cleisostoma weberi (Ames) Garay Echioglossum sacculatum (Ridl.) Szlach. Echioglossum williamsonii (Rchb.f.) Szlach.
科属（Family & Genus）：兰科（Orchidaceae）隔距兰属
形态特征（Description）：植株通常悬垂。茎细圆柱形，长达70厘米，粗3-4毫米，分枝或不分枝，具多数互生的叶，节间长1-2.5厘米。叶肉质，圆柱形，伸直或稍弧曲，通常长6-10厘米，粗2-3毫米，先端稍钝，基部具关节和抱茎的叶鞘。花序侧生，斜出，比叶长，通常分枝，花序柄基部具2-3枚短鞘，花序轴纤细，总状花序或圆锥花序密生许多小花；花苞片小，卵状披针形，长约2毫米，先端急尖呈钻状；花梗和子房纤细，长5毫米；花粉红色，开放；中萼片卵状椭圆形，舟状，长2.2毫米，宽约1.5毫米，先端圆形，具3条脉；侧萼片斜卵状椭圆形，长2.5毫米，宽1.5毫米，基部贴生在蕊柱足上，先端钝，具3条脉；花瓣长圆形，长2.2毫米，宽1毫米，先端钝，具1条脉；唇瓣深紫红色，3裂；侧裂片直立，舌状长圆形，向前伸，先端钝，两侧边缘多少内折；中裂片肉质，狭卵状三角形，上面中央具1条纵向的脊突，脊突位于距口前方隆起呈三角形；距球形，两侧稍压扁，粗约2毫米，末端凹入，具不明显的隔膜，内侧背壁上方的胼胝体呈T字形3裂，其侧裂片近角状，短于或几乎等长于中裂片而稍向下弯曲；中裂片较粗壮，基部2浅裂并且密布乳突状毛；蕊柱长2毫米，具长约2毫米的蕊柱足；蕊柱翅在蕊柱上端两侧各具1枚齿状附属物；药帽前端不伸长，先端截形并且具宽的凹缺；粘盘柄宽卵状三角形或钟形，粘盘近新月形。花期4-6月。
分布（Distribution）：产广东、海南、广西、贵州、云南。生于海拔300～2000米的山地林中树干上或山谷林下岩石上。东南亚也有。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 25 Page 458, 462
Cleisostoma williamsonii (H. G. Reichenbach) Garay, Bot. Mus. Leafl. 23: 176. 1972.
红花隔距兰 hong hua ge ju lan| Orchidaceae | Cleisostoma
Sarcanthus williamsonii H. G. Reichenbach, Gard. Chron. 1865: 674. 1865; Cleisostoma elongatum (Rolfe) Garay; C. hongkongense (Rolfe) Garay; Echioglossum williamsonii (H. G. Reichenbach) Szlachetko; S. elongatus Rolfe; S. hongkongensis Rolfe.
Plants often pendulous. Stems to 70 cm, rather slender, 3-4 mm in diam., branched or unbranched, many leaved, internodes 1-2.5 cm. Leaves straight or slightly arching, terete, usually 6-10 cm × 2-3 mm, obtuse. Inflorescence lateral, ascending, longer than leaves, usually branched, densely many flowered; floral bracts ovate-lanceolate, ca. 2 mm. Flowers opening widely, pink, lip deep purple-red; pedicel and ovary ca. 5 mm, slender. Dorsal sepal ovate-elliptic, cymbiform, ca. 2.2 × 1.5 mm, rounded; lateral sepals obliquely ovate-elliptic, ca. 2.5 × 1.5 mm, base adnate to column foot, obtuse. Petals oblong, ca. 2.2 × 1 mm, obtuse; lip lateral lobes erect, ligulate-oblong, obtuse, ± incurved; mid-lobe narrowly ovate-triangular, fleshy, adaxially with a ridge raised and triangular near spur entrance; spur globose, ca. 2 mm in diam., slightly laterally compressed, concave, interior inconspicuously septate, with a back wall callus; callus 3-lobed, T-shaped; lateral lobules nearly horn-shaped, slightly recurved; mid-lobule shallowly bilobed at base and densely papillate-hairy. Column ca. 2 mm; anther cap truncate, broadly emarginate; stipe broadly ovate-triangular or miter-shaped; viscidium nearly crescent-shaped. Fl. Apr-Jun. 2n = 38.
Epiphytic on tree trunks in forests, lithophytic on rocks along wooded valleys; 300-2200 m. Guangdong, Guangxi, SW Guizhou, Hainan, SE to W Yunnan [Bhutan, NE India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam].
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Cleisostoma williamsonii (Rchb. f.) Garay
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：
异名（Synonym）：Sarcanthus williamsoni Rchb. f. Sarcanthus hongkongensis Rolfe Sarcanthus elongatus Rolfe Sarcanthus flagellaris Schltr. Cleisostoma hongkongense (Rolfe) Garay Cleisostoma elongatum (Rolfe) Garay Saccolabium sacculatum (Ridl.) Ridl. Sarcanthus demangei Guillaumin Sarcanthus flaccidus J.J.Sm. Sarcanthus sacculatus Ridl. Sarcanthus weberi Ames Sarcanthus williamsonii Rchb.f. Echioglossum elegans (Seidenf.) Szlach. Cleisostoma demangei (Guillaumin) Garay Cleisostoma elegans Seidenf. Cleisostoma sacculatum (Ridl.) Garay Cleisostoma weberi (Ames) Garay Echioglossum sacculatum (Ridl.) Szlach. Echioglossum williamsonii (Rchb.f.) Szlach.
科属（Family & Genus）：兰科（Orchidaceae）隔距兰属
形态特征（Description）：植株通常悬垂。茎细圆柱形，长达70厘米，粗3-4毫米，分枝或不分枝，具多数互生的叶，节间长1-2.5厘米。叶肉质，圆柱形，伸直或稍弧曲，通常长6-10厘米，粗2-3毫米，先端稍钝，基部具关节和抱茎的叶鞘。花序侧生，斜出，比叶长，通常分枝，花序柄基部具2-3枚短鞘，花序轴纤细，总状花序或圆锥花序密生许多小花；花苞片小，卵状披针形，长约2毫米，先端急尖呈钻状；花梗和子房纤细，长5毫米；花粉红色，开放；中萼片卵状椭圆形，舟状，长2.2毫米，宽约1.5毫米，先端圆形，具3条脉；侧萼片斜卵状椭圆形，长2.5毫米，宽1.5毫米，基部贴生在蕊柱足上，先端钝，具3条脉；花瓣长圆形，长2.2毫米，宽1毫米，先端钝，具1条脉；唇瓣深紫红色，3裂；侧裂片直立，舌状长圆形，向前伸，先端钝，两侧边缘多少内折；中裂片肉质，狭卵状三角形，上面中央具1条纵向的脊突，脊突位于距口前方隆起呈三角形；距球形，两侧稍压扁，粗约2毫米，末端凹入，具不明显的隔膜，内侧背壁上方的胼胝体呈T字形3裂，其侧裂片近角状，短于或几乎等长于中裂片而稍向下弯曲；中裂片较粗壮，基部2浅裂并且密布乳突状毛；蕊柱长2毫米，具长约2毫米的蕊柱足；蕊柱翅在蕊柱上端两侧各具1枚齿状附属物；药帽前端不伸长，先端截形并且具宽的凹缺；粘盘柄宽卵状三角形或钟形，粘盘近新月形。花期4-6月。
分布（Distribution）：产广东、海南、广西、贵州、云南。生于海拔300～2000米的山地林中树干上或山谷林下岩石上。东南亚也有。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 25 Page 458, 462
Cleisostoma williamsonii (H. G. Reichenbach) Garay, Bot. Mus. Leafl. 23: 176. 1972.
红花隔距兰 hong hua ge ju lan| Orchidaceae | Cleisostoma
Sarcanthus williamsonii H. G. Reichenbach, Gard. Chron. 1865: 674. 1865; Cleisostoma elongatum (Rolfe) Garay; C. hongkongense (Rolfe) Garay; Echioglossum williamsonii (H. G. Reichenbach) Szlachetko; S. elongatus Rolfe; S. hongkongensis Rolfe.
Plants often pendulous. Stems to 70 cm, rather slender, 3-4 mm in diam., branched or unbranched, many leaved, internodes 1-2.5 cm. Leaves straight or slightly arching, terete, usually 6-10 cm × 2-3 mm, obtuse. Inflorescence lateral, ascending, longer than leaves, usually branched, densely many flowered; floral bracts ovate-lanceolate, ca. 2 mm. Flowers opening widely, pink, lip deep purple-red; pedicel and ovary ca. 5 mm, slender. Dorsal sepal ovate-elliptic, cymbiform, ca. 2.2 × 1.5 mm, rounded; lateral sepals obliquely ovate-elliptic, ca. 2.5 × 1.5 mm, base adnate to column foot, obtuse. Petals oblong, ca. 2.2 × 1 mm, obtuse; lip lateral lobes erect, ligulate-oblong, obtuse, ± incurved; mid-lobe narrowly ovate-triangular, fleshy, adaxially with a ridge raised and triangular near spur entrance; spur globose, ca. 2 mm in diam., slightly laterally compressed, concave, interior inconspicuously septate, with a back wall callus; callus 3-lobed, T-shaped; lateral lobules nearly horn-shaped, slightly recurved; mid-lobule shallowly bilobed at base and densely papillate-hairy. Column ca. 2 mm; anther cap truncate, broadly emarginate; stipe broadly ovate-triangular or miter-shaped; viscidium nearly crescent-shaped. Fl. Apr-Jun. 2n = 38.
Epiphytic on tree trunks in forests, lithophytic on rocks along wooded valleys; 300-2200 m. Guangdong, Guangxi, SW Guizhou, Hainan, SE to W Yunnan [Bhutan, NE India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam].
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