大序隔距兰 Cleisostoma paniculatum
中文名（Chinese Name）：大序隔距兰
学名（Scientific Name）：Cleisostoma paniculatum (Ker-Gawl.) Garay
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：
异名（Synonym）：Aerides paniculatum Ker Gawl. Cleisostoma formosanum Hance Sarcanthus unciferus Schltr. Sarcanthus cerinus (Hance) Rolfe Sarcanthus formosanus (Hance) Rolfe Sarcanthus fuscomaculatus Hayata Vandopsis osmantha Fukuy. ex Masam. Cleisostoma cerinum Hance Vanda paniculata (Ker Gawl.) R.Br. Garayanthus fuscomaculatus (Hayata) Szlach. Aerides paniculata Ker Gawl. Cleisostoma fuscomaculatum (Hayata) Garay Garayanthus paniculatus (Ker Gawl.) Szlach.
科属（Family & Genus）：兰科（Orchidaceae）隔距兰属
形态特征（Description）：茎直立，扁圆柱形，伸长，达20余厘米，通常粗5-8毫米，被叶鞘所包，有时分枝。叶革质，多数，紧靠、二列互生，扁平，狭长圆形或带状，长10-25厘米，宽8-20毫米，先端钝并且不等侧2裂，有时在两裂片之间具1枚短突，基部具多少V字形的叶鞘，与叶鞘相连接处具1个关节。花序生于叶腋，远比叶长，多分枝；花序柄粗壮，近直立，圆锥花序具多数花；花苞片小，卵形，长约2毫米，先端急尖；花梗和子房长约1厘米；花开展，萼片和花瓣在背面黄绿色，内面紫褐色，边缘和中肋黄色；中萼片近长圆形，凹的，长4.5毫米，宽2毫米，先端钝；侧萼片斜长圆形，约等大于中萼片，基部贴生于蕊柱足；花瓣比萼片稍小；唇瓣黄色，3裂；侧裂片直立，较小、三角形，先端钝，前缘内侧有时呈胼胝体增厚；中裂片肉质，与距交成钝角，先端翅起呈倒喙状，基部两侧向后伸长为钻状裂片，上面中央具纵走的脊突，其前端高高隆起；距黄色，圆筒状，劲直，长约4.5毫米，末端钝，具发达或不甚发达的隔膜，内面背壁上方具长方形的胼胝体；胼胝体上面中央纵向凹陷，基部稍2裂并且密布乳突状毛；蕊柱粗短；药帽前端截形并且具3个缺刻；粘盘柄宽短，近基部曲膝状折叠；粘盘大，新月状或马鞍形。花期5-9月。
分布（Distribution）：产江西、福建、台湾、广东、香港、海南、广西、四川、贵州、云南等地。生于海拔240～1240米的常绿阔叶林中树干上或沟谷林下岩石上。泰国、越南、印度也有。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 25 Page 459, 461
Cleisostoma paniculatum (Ker Gawler) Garay, Bot. Mus. Leafl. 23: 173. 1972.
大序隔距兰 da xu ge ju lan| Orchidaceae | Cleisostoma
Aerides paniculata Ker Gawler, Bot. Reg. 3: ad t. 220. 1817; Cleisostoma cerinum Hance; C. formosanum Hance; C. fuscomaculatum (Hayata) Garay; C. unciferum (Schlechter) Garay; Garayanthus fuscomaculatus (Hayata) Szlachetko; G. paniculatus (Ker Gawler) Szlachetko; Sarcanthus cerinus (Hance) Rolfe; S. formosanus (Hance) Rolfe; S. fuscomaculatus Hayata; S. paniculatus (Ker Gawler) Lindley; S. uncifer Schlechter; Vanda paniculata (Ker Gawler) R. Brown.
Stems erect, compressed terete, elongate, more than 20 cm, usually 5-8 mm in diam., sometimes branching, many leaved. Leaves distichous, flat, narrowly oblong or linear, 10-25 × 0.8-2 cm, leathery, ± conduplicate at base, unequally bilobed, sometimes mucronate in sinus. Inflorescence axillary, much longer than leaves, many branched, many flowered; floral bracts ovate, ca. 2 mm. Flowers opening widely; sepals and petals yellowish green abaxially, purplish brown adaxially, margins and midvein yellow, lip yellow; pedicel and ovary ca. 1 cm. Dorsal sepal suboblong, concave, ca. 4.5 × 2 mm, obtuse; lateral sepals obliquely oblong, ca. 4.5 × 2.5 mm, base adnate to column foot. Petals slightly smaller than sepals; lip with lateral lobes erect, deltoid, relatively small, apex obtuse, proximal margin sometimes ± thickened-callose; mid-lobe fleshy, apex upcurved and incurved-beaked, with 2 basal backward subulate lobules, adaxially with a ridge highly raised at apex; spur straight, ca. 4.5 mm, apex obtuse, interior usually septate, with a back wall callus; callus rectangular, longitudinally concave at center, base slightly bilobed and densely papillate-hairy. Column stout; anther cap truncate, incised; stipe short, broad, geniculate-folded at base; viscidium crescent-shaped or saddlelike, large. Fl. May-Jun. 2n = 38, 42.
Epiphytic on tree trunks in broad-leaved evergreen forests, lithophytic on rocks along wooded valleys; 200-1300 m. N Fujian, S Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, E Jiangxi, S and SW Sichuan, Taiwan, SE Xizang [Vietnam].
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Cleisostoma paniculatum (Ker-Gawl.) Garay
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：
异名（Synonym）：Aerides paniculatum Ker Gawl. Cleisostoma formosanum Hance Sarcanthus unciferus Schltr. Sarcanthus cerinus (Hance) Rolfe Sarcanthus formosanus (Hance) Rolfe Sarcanthus fuscomaculatus Hayata Vandopsis osmantha Fukuy. ex Masam. Cleisostoma cerinum Hance Vanda paniculata (Ker Gawl.) R.Br. Garayanthus fuscomaculatus (Hayata) Szlach. Aerides paniculata Ker Gawl. Cleisostoma fuscomaculatum (Hayata) Garay Garayanthus paniculatus (Ker Gawl.) Szlach.
科属（Family & Genus）：兰科（Orchidaceae）隔距兰属
形态特征（Description）：茎直立，扁圆柱形，伸长，达20余厘米，通常粗5-8毫米，被叶鞘所包，有时分枝。叶革质，多数，紧靠、二列互生，扁平，狭长圆形或带状，长10-25厘米，宽8-20毫米，先端钝并且不等侧2裂，有时在两裂片之间具1枚短突，基部具多少V字形的叶鞘，与叶鞘相连接处具1个关节。花序生于叶腋，远比叶长，多分枝；花序柄粗壮，近直立，圆锥花序具多数花；花苞片小，卵形，长约2毫米，先端急尖；花梗和子房长约1厘米；花开展，萼片和花瓣在背面黄绿色，内面紫褐色，边缘和中肋黄色；中萼片近长圆形，凹的，长4.5毫米，宽2毫米，先端钝；侧萼片斜长圆形，约等大于中萼片，基部贴生于蕊柱足；花瓣比萼片稍小；唇瓣黄色，3裂；侧裂片直立，较小、三角形，先端钝，前缘内侧有时呈胼胝体增厚；中裂片肉质，与距交成钝角，先端翅起呈倒喙状，基部两侧向后伸长为钻状裂片，上面中央具纵走的脊突，其前端高高隆起；距黄色，圆筒状，劲直，长约4.5毫米，末端钝，具发达或不甚发达的隔膜，内面背壁上方具长方形的胼胝体；胼胝体上面中央纵向凹陷，基部稍2裂并且密布乳突状毛；蕊柱粗短；药帽前端截形并且具3个缺刻；粘盘柄宽短，近基部曲膝状折叠；粘盘大，新月状或马鞍形。花期5-9月。
分布（Distribution）：产江西、福建、台湾、广东、香港、海南、广西、四川、贵州、云南等地。生于海拔240～1240米的常绿阔叶林中树干上或沟谷林下岩石上。泰国、越南、印度也有。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 25 Page 459, 461
Cleisostoma paniculatum (Ker Gawler) Garay, Bot. Mus. Leafl. 23: 173. 1972.
大序隔距兰 da xu ge ju lan| Orchidaceae | Cleisostoma
Aerides paniculata Ker Gawler, Bot. Reg. 3: ad t. 220. 1817; Cleisostoma cerinum Hance; C. formosanum Hance; C. fuscomaculatum (Hayata) Garay; C. unciferum (Schlechter) Garay; Garayanthus fuscomaculatus (Hayata) Szlachetko; G. paniculatus (Ker Gawler) Szlachetko; Sarcanthus cerinus (Hance) Rolfe; S. formosanus (Hance) Rolfe; S. fuscomaculatus Hayata; S. paniculatus (Ker Gawler) Lindley; S. uncifer Schlechter; Vanda paniculata (Ker Gawler) R. Brown.
Stems erect, compressed terete, elongate, more than 20 cm, usually 5-8 mm in diam., sometimes branching, many leaved. Leaves distichous, flat, narrowly oblong or linear, 10-25 × 0.8-2 cm, leathery, ± conduplicate at base, unequally bilobed, sometimes mucronate in sinus. Inflorescence axillary, much longer than leaves, many branched, many flowered; floral bracts ovate, ca. 2 mm. Flowers opening widely; sepals and petals yellowish green abaxially, purplish brown adaxially, margins and midvein yellow, lip yellow; pedicel and ovary ca. 1 cm. Dorsal sepal suboblong, concave, ca. 4.5 × 2 mm, obtuse; lateral sepals obliquely oblong, ca. 4.5 × 2.5 mm, base adnate to column foot. Petals slightly smaller than sepals; lip with lateral lobes erect, deltoid, relatively small, apex obtuse, proximal margin sometimes ± thickened-callose; mid-lobe fleshy, apex upcurved and incurved-beaked, with 2 basal backward subulate lobules, adaxially with a ridge highly raised at apex; spur straight, ca. 4.5 mm, apex obtuse, interior usually septate, with a back wall callus; callus rectangular, longitudinally concave at center, base slightly bilobed and densely papillate-hairy. Column stout; anther cap truncate, incised; stipe short, broad, geniculate-folded at base; viscidium crescent-shaped or saddlelike, large. Fl. May-Jun. 2n = 38, 42.
Epiphytic on tree trunks in broad-leaved evergreen forests, lithophytic on rocks along wooded valleys; 200-1300 m. N Fujian, S Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, E Jiangxi, S and SW Sichuan, Taiwan, SE Xizang [Vietnam].
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