鸟舌兰 Ascocentrum ampullaceum
中文名（Chinese Name）：鸟舌兰
学名（Scientific Name）：Ascocentrum ampullaceum (Roxb.) Schltr.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：
异名（Synonym）：Aerides ampullacela Roxb. Oeceoclades ampullacea (Roxb.) Lindl. ex Voigt Saccolabium ampullaceum (Roxb.) Lindl. ex Wall. Aerides ampullacea Roxb. Gastrochilus ampullaceus (Roxb.) Kuntze Ascocentrum ampullaceum var. aurantiacum Pradhan
科属（Family & Genus）：兰科（Orchidaceae）鸟舌兰属
形态特征（Description）：植株高约10厘米。茎直立，粗壮，长1-4厘米，被叶鞘所包。叶厚革质，扁平，下部常V字形对折，上部稍向外弯，上面黄绿色带紫红色斑点，背面淡红色，狭长圆形，长5-20厘米，宽1-1.5厘米，先端截头状并且具不规则的3-4短齿，基部具关节和长1-1.5厘米的鞘。花序直立，比叶短，常2-4个，花序柄和花序轴深紫色或淡黄色带紫色，总状花序密生多数花；花苞片很小，卵状三角形，长约1毫米，先端急尖；花梗和子房淡黄色带紫，长13-15毫米；花在花蕾时黄绿色，开放后殊红色；萼片和花瓣近相似，宽卵形，长7-9毫米，宽4-6毫米，先端稍钝，全缘，具5条脉；唇瓣3裂；侧裂片黄色，很小，直立，近三角形，先端稍钝，前侧边缘内折；中裂片与距几直角向外伸展，狭长圆形，长约6毫米，宽1.2毫米，先端尖并且稍翘起，基部（在距口处）两侧各具1枚黄色的胼胝体；距淡黄色带紫晕，棒状圆筒形，与萼片近等长，粗约2.5毫米，下半部多少向后弯曲，末端圆形；蕊柱粗短，长约2毫米，硃红色而前面浅白色；蕊喙2裂，裂片尖齿状；药帽紫褐色，前端稍收狭，先端钝并且翘起；花粉团茄紫色，具狭扁而曲膝状的柄和近椭圆形的粘盘。花期4-5月。
分布（Distribution）：产云南，生于海拔1100～1500米的常绿阔叶林中树干上，东南亚也有。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 25 Page 502
Ascocentrum ampullaceum (Roxburgh) Schlechter, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 1: 975. 1913.
鸟舌兰 niao she lan| Orchidaceae | Ascocentrum
Aerides ampullacea Roxburgh, Fl. Ind., ed. 1832, 3: 476. 1832; Gastrochilus ampullaceus (Roxburgh) Kuntze; Oeceoclades ampullacea (Roxburgh) Lindley ex Voigt; Saccolabium ampullaceum (Roxburgh) Lindley.
Stems erect, 1-4 cm, stout. Leaves usually 3 or 4, nearly basal; leaf blade abaxially ± tinged reddish, adaxially yellowish green with purplish red spots, narrowly oblong, 5-20 × 1-1.5 cm, flat, conduplicate in basal half, thickly leathery, apex praemorse. Inflorescences often 2-4, erect, 5-7 cm, shorter than leaves, many flowered; peduncle and rachis pale vermilion; floral bracts ovate-triangular, ca. 1 mm, acute. Flowers uniformly deep pinkish red, opening widely, 1.5-1.8 cm in diam., anther cap and pollinia purplish; pedicel and ovary pale vermilion, 13-15 mm. Sepals and petals broadly ovate, 7-9 × 4-6 mm, obtuse; lip 3-lobed; lateral lobes erect, subtriangular, very small, obtuse; mid-lobe narrowly oblong, or ligulate, 6-7 × 1-2 mm, apex obtuse to acute, base with 2 calli at spur entrance; spur pale, cylindric, 8-9 × ca. 2.5 mm, apical half ± curved and slightly dilated. Column ca. 2 mm, thick. Fl. Apr-May. 2n = 38.
Epiphytic on tree trunks in broad-leaved evergreen forests; 1100-1500 m. S and SE Yunnan [Bhutan, India (including Andaman Islands), Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand].
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Ascocentrum ampullaceum (Roxb.) Schltr.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：
异名（Synonym）：Aerides ampullacela Roxb. Oeceoclades ampullacea (Roxb.) Lindl. ex Voigt Saccolabium ampullaceum (Roxb.) Lindl. ex Wall. Aerides ampullacea Roxb. Gastrochilus ampullaceus (Roxb.) Kuntze Ascocentrum ampullaceum var. aurantiacum Pradhan
科属（Family & Genus）：兰科（Orchidaceae）鸟舌兰属
形态特征（Description）：植株高约10厘米。茎直立，粗壮，长1-4厘米，被叶鞘所包。叶厚革质，扁平，下部常V字形对折，上部稍向外弯，上面黄绿色带紫红色斑点，背面淡红色，狭长圆形，长5-20厘米，宽1-1.5厘米，先端截头状并且具不规则的3-4短齿，基部具关节和长1-1.5厘米的鞘。花序直立，比叶短，常2-4个，花序柄和花序轴深紫色或淡黄色带紫色，总状花序密生多数花；花苞片很小，卵状三角形，长约1毫米，先端急尖；花梗和子房淡黄色带紫，长13-15毫米；花在花蕾时黄绿色，开放后殊红色；萼片和花瓣近相似，宽卵形，长7-9毫米，宽4-6毫米，先端稍钝，全缘，具5条脉；唇瓣3裂；侧裂片黄色，很小，直立，近三角形，先端稍钝，前侧边缘内折；中裂片与距几直角向外伸展，狭长圆形，长约6毫米，宽1.2毫米，先端尖并且稍翘起，基部（在距口处）两侧各具1枚黄色的胼胝体；距淡黄色带紫晕，棒状圆筒形，与萼片近等长，粗约2.5毫米，下半部多少向后弯曲，末端圆形；蕊柱粗短，长约2毫米，硃红色而前面浅白色；蕊喙2裂，裂片尖齿状；药帽紫褐色，前端稍收狭，先端钝并且翘起；花粉团茄紫色，具狭扁而曲膝状的柄和近椭圆形的粘盘。花期4-5月。
分布（Distribution）：产云南，生于海拔1100～1500米的常绿阔叶林中树干上，东南亚也有。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 25 Page 502
Ascocentrum ampullaceum (Roxburgh) Schlechter, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 1: 975. 1913.
鸟舌兰 niao she lan| Orchidaceae | Ascocentrum
Aerides ampullacea Roxburgh, Fl. Ind., ed. 1832, 3: 476. 1832; Gastrochilus ampullaceus (Roxburgh) Kuntze; Oeceoclades ampullacea (Roxburgh) Lindley ex Voigt; Saccolabium ampullaceum (Roxburgh) Lindley.
Stems erect, 1-4 cm, stout. Leaves usually 3 or 4, nearly basal; leaf blade abaxially ± tinged reddish, adaxially yellowish green with purplish red spots, narrowly oblong, 5-20 × 1-1.5 cm, flat, conduplicate in basal half, thickly leathery, apex praemorse. Inflorescences often 2-4, erect, 5-7 cm, shorter than leaves, many flowered; peduncle and rachis pale vermilion; floral bracts ovate-triangular, ca. 1 mm, acute. Flowers uniformly deep pinkish red, opening widely, 1.5-1.8 cm in diam., anther cap and pollinia purplish; pedicel and ovary pale vermilion, 13-15 mm. Sepals and petals broadly ovate, 7-9 × 4-6 mm, obtuse; lip 3-lobed; lateral lobes erect, subtriangular, very small, obtuse; mid-lobe narrowly oblong, or ligulate, 6-7 × 1-2 mm, apex obtuse to acute, base with 2 calli at spur entrance; spur pale, cylindric, 8-9 × ca. 2.5 mm, apical half ± curved and slightly dilated. Column ca. 2 mm, thick. Fl. Apr-May. 2n = 38.
Epiphytic on tree trunks in broad-leaved evergreen forests; 1100-1500 m. S and SE Yunnan [Bhutan, India (including Andaman Islands), Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand].
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