柚木Tectona grandis

中文名(Chinese Name):柚木
学名(Scientific Name):Tectona grandis Linn. f.
英文名(English Common Name):
别名(Chinese Common Name):脂树、紫油木
异名(Synonym):Jatus grandis (L.f.) Kuntze  Tectona grandis f. abludens Koord. & Valeton  Tectona grandis f. canescens Moldenke  Tectona grandis f. pilosula Moldenke  Tectona grandis f. punctata Moldenke  Tectona grandis f. tomentella Moldenke  Tectona theca Lour.  Theka grandis (L.f.) Lam.
科属Family & Genus):马鞭草科(Verbenaceae)柚木属
形态特征Description):大乔木,高达40米;小枝淡灰色或淡褐色,四棱形,具4槽,被灰黄色或灰褐色星状绒毛。叶对生,厚纸质,全缘,卵状椭圆形或倒卵形,长15-45-(70)厘米,宽8-23-(37)厘米,顶端钝圆或渐尖,基部楔形下延,表面粗糙,有白色突起,沿脉有微毛,背面密被灰褐色至黄褐色星状毛;侧脉7-12对,第三回脉近平行,在背面显著隆起;叶柄粗壮,长2-4厘米。圆锥花序顶生,长25-40厘米,宽30厘米以上;花有香气,但仅有少数能发育;花萼钟状,萼管长2-2.5毫米,被白色星状绒毛,裂片较萼管短;花冠白色,花冠管长2.5-3毫米,裂片长约2毫米,顶端圆钝,被毛及腺点;子房被糙毛;花柱长3-4毫米,柱头2裂。核果球形,直径12-18毫米,外果皮茶褐色,被毡状细毛,内果皮骨质。花期8月,果期10月。
分布(Distribution):云南、广东、广西、福建、台湾等地普遍引种,生于海拔900米以下的潮湿疏林中。分布于印度、缅甸、马来西亚和印度尼西亚。
用途(Use):柚木是世界著名的木材之一,质坚硬,光泽美丽,纹理通直,耐朽力强,芳香,反张力少,易施工,适于造船、车辆、建筑、雕刻及家具之用;木屑浸水可治皮肤病或煎水治咳嗽;花和种子利尿。
引自中国植物志英文版:FOC Vol. 17 Page 16
Tectona grandis Linnaeus f., Suppl. Pl. 151. 1781.
柚木 you mu | Verbenaceae  | Tectona
Trees to 40 m tall. Branchlets gray to grayish brown, 4-angled, yellowish to grayish brown stellate tomentose. Petiole robust, 2-4 cm; leaf blade ovate-elliptic to ovate, 15-45(-70) X 8-23(-37) cm, papery, abaxially densely grayish brown to yellowish brown minutely stellate tomentose, adaxially scabrous and puberulent along veins, base cuneate and de-current, margin entire, apex acuminate to obtuse, veins 7-12 pairs. Panicles 25-40 X 30 cm. Flowers fragrant. Calyx tube 2.5-3 mm, with white stellate hairs. Corolla white; tube 2.5-3 mm, outside puberulent glandular; lobes ca. 2 mm, obtuse. Ovary strigose. Style 3-4 mm. Fruit globose, 1.2-1.8 cm in diam., minutely tomentose. Fl. Jun-Aug, fr. Sep-Dec.
Cultivated and sometimes naturalized; below 900 m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Taiwan, Yunnan [native to India, Indonesia, Malaysia, and Myanmar]
Medicinal, timber.
 柚木Tectona grandis

柚木Tectona grandis
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