昂天莲Abroma augusta
中文名（Chinese Name）：昂天莲
学名（Scientific Name）：Abroma augusta L.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：水麻
异名（Synonym）：Ambroma angusta (Linn.) Linn. f. Ambroma augusta (L.) L. f. Theobroma augusta L. Abroma fastuosa R. Br. Abroma alata Blanco Abroma angulata Lam. Abroma angulosa Poir. Abroma augustum (L.) L. f. Abroma communis Blanco Abroma denticulata Miq. Abroma elongata Lam. Abroma javanica Miq. Abroma mariae Mart. Abroma mollis DC. Abroma obliqua C.Presl Abroma sinuosa G.Nicholson Abroma wheleri Retz. Herrania mariae (Mart.) Decne. ex Goudot Theobroma augustum L. Theobroma mariae (Mart.) K. Schum. Ambroma augustum (L.) L.f.
科属（Family & Genus）：梧桐科（Sterculiaceae）昂天莲属
形态特征（Description）：灌木，高1-4米，小枝幼时密被星状茸毛。叶心形或卵状心形，有时为3-5浅裂，长10-22厘米，宽9-18厘米，顶端急尖或渐尖，基部心形或斜心形，上面无毛或被稀疏的星状柔毛，下面密被短茸毛，基生脉3-7条，叶脉在两面均凸出；叶柄长1-10厘米；托叶条形，长5-10毫米，脱落。聚伞花序有花1-5朵；花红紫色，直径约5厘米；萼片5枚，近基部连合，披针形，长15-18毫米，两面均密被短柔毛，花瓣5片，红紫色，匙形，长2.5厘米，顶端急尖或钝，基部凹陷且有毛，与退化雄蕊的基部连合；发育的雄蕊15枚，每3枚集合成一群，在退化雄蕊的基部连合并与退化雄蕊互生，退化雄蕊5枚，近匙形，两面均被毛；子房矩圆形，长约1.5毫米，略被毛，5室，有5条沟纹，长约1.5毫米，花柱三角状舌形，长约为子房的1/2。蒴果膜质，倒圆锥形，直径约3-6厘米，被星状毛，具5纵翅，边缘有长绒毛，顶端截形；种子多数，矩圆形，黑色，长约2毫米。花期春夏季。
分布（Distribution）：产广东、广西、云南、贵州，生于山谷沟边或林缘。印度、越南、马来西亚、泰国、印度尼西亚、菲律宾等地也有。
用途（Use）：本种的茎皮纤维洁白坚韧，可作丝织品的代用品。也有栽培以取其纤维的，根可药用。
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 12 Page 322
Ambroma augustum (Linnaeus) Linnaeus f., Suppl. Pl. 341. 1782.
昂天莲 ang tian lian| Sterculiaceae | Ambroma
Theobroma augustum Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., ed. 12, 3: 233. 1768 ["augusta"].
Shrubs, 1-4 m tall. Branchlets densely stellate velutinous when young. Stipules linear, 5-10 mm, caducous; petiole 1-10 cm; leaf blade cordate or ovate-cordate, sometimes 3-5-lobed, 10-22 × 9-18 cm, abaxially glabrous or sparsely stellate, adaxially densely puberulent, basal veins 3-7, prominently raised on both surfaces, base cordate or obliquely cordate, apex acute or acuminate. Inflorescence cymose, 1-5-flowered. Flowers ca. 5 cm in diam., pendulous. Sepals lanceolate, 15-18 mm, both sur-
faces densely puberulent. Petals dark reddish purple, ca. 2.5 cm, basal part as broad as long and hairy, upper part elliptic-spatulate, apex acute or obtuse. Staminodes nearly spatulate, both surfaces hairy. Ovary oblong, ca. 1.5 mm, slightly hairy, 5-grooved; style triangular-tongue-shaped, 1/2 as long as ovary. Capsule erect, obconic, 3-6 cm in diam., stellate hairy, 5-winged, cuplike after dehiscence, margins villous. Seeds oblong, black, ca. 2 mm. Fl. spring and summer.
Forest margins, valley gullies. Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Yunnan [Bhutan, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Nepal, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam; Australia, Pacific islands].
The bark of this species provides a high-quality fiber used for making rope and fishing lines. It is also a medicinal plant, used in particular for the treatment of diabetes, and is grown as an ornamental.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Abroma augusta L.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：水麻
异名（Synonym）：Ambroma angusta (Linn.) Linn. f. Ambroma augusta (L.) L. f. Theobroma augusta L. Abroma fastuosa R. Br. Abroma alata Blanco Abroma angulata Lam. Abroma angulosa Poir. Abroma augustum (L.) L. f. Abroma communis Blanco Abroma denticulata Miq. Abroma elongata Lam. Abroma javanica Miq. Abroma mariae Mart. Abroma mollis DC. Abroma obliqua C.Presl Abroma sinuosa G.Nicholson Abroma wheleri Retz. Herrania mariae (Mart.) Decne. ex Goudot Theobroma augustum L. Theobroma mariae (Mart.) K. Schum. Ambroma augustum (L.) L.f.
科属（Family & Genus）：梧桐科（Sterculiaceae）昂天莲属
形态特征（Description）：灌木，高1-4米，小枝幼时密被星状茸毛。叶心形或卵状心形，有时为3-5浅裂，长10-22厘米，宽9-18厘米，顶端急尖或渐尖，基部心形或斜心形，上面无毛或被稀疏的星状柔毛，下面密被短茸毛，基生脉3-7条，叶脉在两面均凸出；叶柄长1-10厘米；托叶条形，长5-10毫米，脱落。聚伞花序有花1-5朵；花红紫色，直径约5厘米；萼片5枚，近基部连合，披针形，长15-18毫米，两面均密被短柔毛，花瓣5片，红紫色，匙形，长2.5厘米，顶端急尖或钝，基部凹陷且有毛，与退化雄蕊的基部连合；发育的雄蕊15枚，每3枚集合成一群，在退化雄蕊的基部连合并与退化雄蕊互生，退化雄蕊5枚，近匙形，两面均被毛；子房矩圆形，长约1.5毫米，略被毛，5室，有5条沟纹，长约1.5毫米，花柱三角状舌形，长约为子房的1/2。蒴果膜质，倒圆锥形，直径约3-6厘米，被星状毛，具5纵翅，边缘有长绒毛，顶端截形；种子多数，矩圆形，黑色，长约2毫米。花期春夏季。
分布（Distribution）：产广东、广西、云南、贵州，生于山谷沟边或林缘。印度、越南、马来西亚、泰国、印度尼西亚、菲律宾等地也有。
用途（Use）：本种的茎皮纤维洁白坚韧，可作丝织品的代用品。也有栽培以取其纤维的，根可药用。
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 12 Page 322
Ambroma augustum (Linnaeus) Linnaeus f., Suppl. Pl. 341. 1782.
昂天莲 ang tian lian| Sterculiaceae | Ambroma
Theobroma augustum Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., ed. 12, 3: 233. 1768 ["augusta"].
Shrubs, 1-4 m tall. Branchlets densely stellate velutinous when young. Stipules linear, 5-10 mm, caducous; petiole 1-10 cm; leaf blade cordate or ovate-cordate, sometimes 3-5-lobed, 10-22 × 9-18 cm, abaxially glabrous or sparsely stellate, adaxially densely puberulent, basal veins 3-7, prominently raised on both surfaces, base cordate or obliquely cordate, apex acute or acuminate. Inflorescence cymose, 1-5-flowered. Flowers ca. 5 cm in diam., pendulous. Sepals lanceolate, 15-18 mm, both sur-
faces densely puberulent. Petals dark reddish purple, ca. 2.5 cm, basal part as broad as long and hairy, upper part elliptic-spatulate, apex acute or obtuse. Staminodes nearly spatulate, both surfaces hairy. Ovary oblong, ca. 1.5 mm, slightly hairy, 5-grooved; style triangular-tongue-shaped, 1/2 as long as ovary. Capsule erect, obconic, 3-6 cm in diam., stellate hairy, 5-winged, cuplike after dehiscence, margins villous. Seeds oblong, black, ca. 2 mm. Fl. spring and summer.
Forest margins, valley gullies. Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Yunnan [Bhutan, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Nepal, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam; Australia, Pacific islands].
The bark of this species provides a high-quality fiber used for making rope and fishing lines. It is also a medicinal plant, used in particular for the treatment of diabetes, and is grown as an ornamental.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
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