猪肚木Canthium horridum
中文名（Chinese Name）：猪肚木
学名（Scientific Name）：Canthium horridum Blume
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：猪肚簕
异名（Synonym）：Canthium zizyphinum Wall. Hyptianthera rhamnoides Zoll. & Moritzi Dondisia horrida (Blume) Korth. Canthium horridum var. xanthocaulon (Miq.) Miq. Canthium scandens var. xanthocaulon Miq.
科属（Family & Genus）：茜草科（Rubiaceae）鱼骨木属
形态特征（Description）：灌木，高2-3米，具刺；小枝纤细，圆柱形，被紧贴土黄色柔毛；刺长3-30毫米，对生，劲直，锐尖。叶纸质，卵形，椭圆形或长卵形，长2-3 (-5)厘米，宽1-2厘米，顶端钝、急尖或近渐尖，基部圆或阔楔形，无毛或沿中脉略被柔毛；侧脉每边2-3条，纤细，在叶下面稍明显；叶柄短，长2-3毫米，略被柔毛；托叶长2-3毫米，被毛。花小，具短梗或无花梗，单生或数朵簇生于叶腋内；小苞片杯形，生于花梗顶部；萼管倒圆锥形，长1-1.5毫米，萼檐顶部有不明显波状小齿；花冠白色，近瓮形，冠管短，长约2毫米，外面无毛，喉部有倒生髯毛，顶部5裂，裂片长圆形，长约3毫米，顶端锐尖；花丝短，花药内藏或微突出，长约5毫米，基部被柔毛；柱头橄榄形，粗糙。核果卵形，单生或孪生，长15-25毫米，直径10-20毫米，顶部有微小宿存萼檐，内有小核1-2个；小核具不明显小瘤状体。花期4-6月。
分布（Distribution）：产广东、香港、海南、广西、云南，生于低海拔的灌丛。印度、中南半岛、马来西亚、印度尼西亚、菲律宾等地也有。
用途（Use）：本种木材适作雕刻；成熟果实可食；根可作利尿药用。
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 19 Page 84, 85
Canthium horridum Blume, Catalogus. 45. 1823.
猪肚木 zhu du mu | Rubiaceae | Canthium
Canthium hebecladum Candolle; C. pauciflorum Blanco; Plectronia horrida (Blume) Bentham & J. D. Hooker.
Shrubs, 2-3 m tall; branches flattened to subterete, often rather slender, strigillose to strigose or pilosulous, sometimes with lateral short shoots to 0.5 cm; thorns slender to stout, 3-30 mm, straight, or sometimes absent. Leaves paired along developed stems or sometimes clustered on lateral short shoots; petiole 2-3 mm, strigillose to pilosulous; blade drying papery, ovate to lanceolate or elliptic, 2-6 × 1-3.5 cm, adaxially glabrous or strigillose to hispidulous along principal veins or throughout, abaxially puberulent to strigillose or hispidulous, base rounded or obtuse, apex obtuse, acute, or weakly acuminate; secondary veins 2 or 3 pairs, in abaxial axils with pilosulous and/or foveolate domatia; stipules deciduous after distalmost several nodes, triangular to ovate, 2-3 mm, densely strigillose to strigose, acute. Inflorescences fasciculate, 0.5-1 cm, few flowered, strigillose to glabrescent; peduncles 1-3 mm, each with a pair of triangular bracteoles ca. 1 mm and fused in pairs. Calyx puberulent to glabrous; ovary portion obconic, ca. 0.8 mm; limb 0.5-0.8 mm, truncate to undulate. Corolla white, funnelform, outside glabrous; tube suburceolate, ca. 2 mm; lobes 5, triangular-oblong, ca. 3 mm, acuminate. Ovary 2-locular; stigma ca. 0.5 mm. Drupes yellow, ovoid to subglobose, obovoid, or somewhat dicoccous, laterally somewhat flattened, 15-25 × 10-20 mm, smooth, glabrous, with calyx limb persistent; pyrenes 2, weakly tuberculate. Fl. Apr-Jun, fr. Jul-Nov.
Thickets at low elevations; near sea level to 500 m. Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Yunnan [India, Malaysia, Thailand, Vietnam].
The name Canthium parvifolium Roxburgh has sometimes been applied to the Chinese plants that are here called C. horridum. W. C. Ko (in FRPS 71(2): 10. 1999) considered it a misapplied name, listing it as "Canthium parvifolium auct. non Roxb."
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Canthium horridum Blume
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：猪肚簕
异名（Synonym）：Canthium zizyphinum Wall. Hyptianthera rhamnoides Zoll. & Moritzi Dondisia horrida (Blume) Korth. Canthium horridum var. xanthocaulon (Miq.) Miq. Canthium scandens var. xanthocaulon Miq.
科属（Family & Genus）：茜草科（Rubiaceae）鱼骨木属
形态特征（Description）：灌木，高2-3米，具刺；小枝纤细，圆柱形，被紧贴土黄色柔毛；刺长3-30毫米，对生，劲直，锐尖。叶纸质，卵形，椭圆形或长卵形，长2-3 (-5)厘米，宽1-2厘米，顶端钝、急尖或近渐尖，基部圆或阔楔形，无毛或沿中脉略被柔毛；侧脉每边2-3条，纤细，在叶下面稍明显；叶柄短，长2-3毫米，略被柔毛；托叶长2-3毫米，被毛。花小，具短梗或无花梗，单生或数朵簇生于叶腋内；小苞片杯形，生于花梗顶部；萼管倒圆锥形，长1-1.5毫米，萼檐顶部有不明显波状小齿；花冠白色，近瓮形，冠管短，长约2毫米，外面无毛，喉部有倒生髯毛，顶部5裂，裂片长圆形，长约3毫米，顶端锐尖；花丝短，花药内藏或微突出，长约5毫米，基部被柔毛；柱头橄榄形，粗糙。核果卵形，单生或孪生，长15-25毫米，直径10-20毫米，顶部有微小宿存萼檐，内有小核1-2个；小核具不明显小瘤状体。花期4-6月。
分布（Distribution）：产广东、香港、海南、广西、云南，生于低海拔的灌丛。印度、中南半岛、马来西亚、印度尼西亚、菲律宾等地也有。
用途（Use）：本种木材适作雕刻；成熟果实可食；根可作利尿药用。
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 19 Page 84, 85
Canthium horridum Blume, Catalogus. 45. 1823.
猪肚木 zhu du mu | Rubiaceae | Canthium
Canthium hebecladum Candolle; C. pauciflorum Blanco; Plectronia horrida (Blume) Bentham & J. D. Hooker.
Shrubs, 2-3 m tall; branches flattened to subterete, often rather slender, strigillose to strigose or pilosulous, sometimes with lateral short shoots to 0.5 cm; thorns slender to stout, 3-30 mm, straight, or sometimes absent. Leaves paired along developed stems or sometimes clustered on lateral short shoots; petiole 2-3 mm, strigillose to pilosulous; blade drying papery, ovate to lanceolate or elliptic, 2-6 × 1-3.5 cm, adaxially glabrous or strigillose to hispidulous along principal veins or throughout, abaxially puberulent to strigillose or hispidulous, base rounded or obtuse, apex obtuse, acute, or weakly acuminate; secondary veins 2 or 3 pairs, in abaxial axils with pilosulous and/or foveolate domatia; stipules deciduous after distalmost several nodes, triangular to ovate, 2-3 mm, densely strigillose to strigose, acute. Inflorescences fasciculate, 0.5-1 cm, few flowered, strigillose to glabrescent; peduncles 1-3 mm, each with a pair of triangular bracteoles ca. 1 mm and fused in pairs. Calyx puberulent to glabrous; ovary portion obconic, ca. 0.8 mm; limb 0.5-0.8 mm, truncate to undulate. Corolla white, funnelform, outside glabrous; tube suburceolate, ca. 2 mm; lobes 5, triangular-oblong, ca. 3 mm, acuminate. Ovary 2-locular; stigma ca. 0.5 mm. Drupes yellow, ovoid to subglobose, obovoid, or somewhat dicoccous, laterally somewhat flattened, 15-25 × 10-20 mm, smooth, glabrous, with calyx limb persistent; pyrenes 2, weakly tuberculate. Fl. Apr-Jun, fr. Jul-Nov.
Thickets at low elevations; near sea level to 500 m. Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Yunnan [India, Malaysia, Thailand, Vietnam].
The name Canthium parvifolium Roxburgh has sometimes been applied to the Chinese plants that are here called C. horridum. W. C. Ko (in FRPS 71(2): 10. 1999) considered it a misapplied name, listing it as "Canthium parvifolium auct. non Roxb."
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
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