多脉悬钩子Rubus phoenicolasius

中文名(Chinese Name):多脉悬钩子
学名(Scientific Name):Rubus phoenicolasius Maxim.
英文名(English Common Name):
别名(Chinese Common Name):多腺悬钧子
异名(Synonym):Rubus phoenicolasius var. aureiceps Honda  Rubus phoenicolasius var. concolor Koidz.
科属(Family & Genus):蔷薇科(Rosaceae)悬钩子属
形态特征(Description):灌木,高1-3米;枝初直立后蔓生,密生红褐色刺毛、腺毛和稀疏皮刺。小叶3枚,稀5枚,卵形、宽卵形或菱形,稀椭圆形,长4-8(10)厘米,宽2-5(7)厘米,顶端急尖至渐尖,基部圆形至近心形,上面或仅沿叶脉有伏柔毛,下面密被灰白色绒毛,沿叶脉有刺毛、腺毛和稀疏小针刺,边缘具不整齐粗锯齿,常有缺刻,顶生小叶常浅裂;叶柄长3-6厘米,小叶柄长2-3厘米,侧生小叶近无柄,均被柔毛、红褐色刺毛、腺毛和稀疏皮刺;托叶线形,具柔毛和腺毛。花较少数,形成短总状花序,顶生或部分腋生;总花梗和花梗密被柔毛、刺毛和腺毛;花梗长5-15毫米;苞片披针形,具柔毛和腺毛;花直径6-10毫米;花萼外面密被柔毛、刺毛和腺毛;萼片披针形,顶端尾尖,长1-1.5厘米,在花果期均直立开展;花瓣直立,倒卵状匙形或近圆形,紫红色,基部具爪并有柔毛;雄蕊稍短于花柱;花柱比雄蕊稍长,子房无毛或微具柔毛。果实半球形,直径约1厘米,红色,无毛;核有明显皱纹与洼穴。花期5=6月,果期7-8月。
分布(Distribution):产山西、河南、陕西、甘肃、山东、湖北、四川,生低海拔至中海拔的林下、路旁或山沟谷底。日本、朝鲜、欧洲、北美也有分布。
用途(Use):果微酸可食;根、叶入药,可解毒及作强壮剂;茎皮可提取栲胶。
引自中国植物志英文版:FOC Vol. 9 Page 212
Rubus phoenicolasius Maximowicz, Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg, sér. 3. 17: 160. 1872.
多腺悬钩子 duo xian xuan gou zi       | Rosaceae  | Rubus
Shrubs 1–3 m tall. Branches upright at first, finally scrambling, densely pubescent, with intermixed reddish brown bristles, stalked glands, and sparse prickles. Leaves imparipinnate, 3-foliolate, rarely 5-foliolate; petiole 3–6 cm, petiolule of terminal leaflet 2–3 cm, lateral leaflets subsessile, petiolule and rachis pubescent, with intermixed reddish brown bristles, stalked glands, and sparse prickles; stipules linear, 5–8 mm, pubescent, with intermixed glandular hairs; blade of leaflets ovate, broadly ovate, or rhombic, rarely elliptic, 4–8(–10) × 2–5(–7) cm, abaxially densely gray tomentose, bristly, stipitate glandular, with sparse, minute needle-like prickles, adaxially appressed pubescent or pubescent only along veins, base rounded to subcordate, margin irregularly rough serrate, usually incised, terminal leaflet often lobed, apex acute to acuminate. Inflorescences terminal or axillary, short racemes, few flowered, terminal racemes 6–10 cm, lateral ones shorter; rachis, pedicels, and abaxial surface of calyx densely pubescent, bristly, stipitate glandular; bracts lanceolate, 5–8 mm, pubescent, stipitate glandular, margin entire or apically 2-lobed. Pedicel 0.5–1.5 cm. Flowers 6–10 mm in diam. Sepals erect, lanceolate, 1–1.5 cm × 4–7 mm, apex caudate. Petals purplish red, obovate-spatulate or suborbicular, much longer than sepals, base long clawed and pubescent. Stamens many, nearly as long as or slightly shorter than petals. Pistils somewhat longer than stamens; ovary glabrous or puberulous. Aggregate fruit orange or red, subglobose, ca. 1 cm in diam., glabrous; pyrenes prominently rugose, pitted. Fl. May–Jun, fr. Jul–Aug. 2n = 14.
Roadsides, montane valleys. Low to medium elevations. Gansu, Henan. Hubei, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan [Japan, Korea; naturalized in Europe and North America].
 多脉悬钩子Rubus phoenicolasius

多脉悬钩子Rubus phoenicolasius
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