流苏树 Chionanthus retusus

中文名(Chinese Name):流苏树
学名(Scientific Name):Chionanthus retusus Lindl. et Paxt.
英文名(English Common Name):
别名(Chinese Common Name):四月雪、晚皮树
异名(Synonym):Chionanthus retusus var. mairei H. Lév.  Chionanthus chinensis Maxim.  Chionanthus coreanus H.Lév.  Chionanthus duclouxii Hickel  Chionanthus retusus var. coreanus (H.Lév.) Nakai  Chionanthus retusus var. fauriei H.Lév.  Chionanthus retusus var. serrulatus (Hayata) Koidz.  Chionanthus serrulatus Hayata  Chimonanthus retusus
科属(Family & Genus):木犀科(Oleaceae)流苏树属
形态特征(Description):落叶灌木或乔木,高可达20米。小枝灰褐色或黑灰色,圆柱形,开展,无毛,幼枝淡黄色或褐色,疏被或密被短柔毛。叶片革质或薄革质,长圆形、椭圆形或圆形,有时卵形或倒卵形至倒卵状披针形,长3-12厘米,宽2-6.5厘米,先端圆钝,有时凹入或锐尖,基部圆或宽楔形至楔形,稀浅心形,全缘或有小锯齿,叶缘稍反卷,幼时上面沿脉被长柔毛,下面密被或疏被长柔毛,叶缘具睫毛,老时上面沿脉被柔毛,下面沿脉密被长柔毛,稀被疏柔毛,其余部分疏被长柔毛或近无毛,中脉在上面凹入,下面凸起,侧脉3-5对,两面微凸起或上面微凹入,细脉在两面常明显微凸起;叶柄长0.5-2厘米,密被黄色卷曲柔毛。聚伞状圆锥花序,长3-12厘米,顶生于枝端,近无毛;苞片线形,长2-10毫米,疏被或密被柔毛,花长1.2-2.5厘米,单性而雌雄异株或为两性花;花梗长0.5-2厘米,纤细,无毛;花萼长1-3毫米,4深裂,裂片尖三角形或披针形,长0.5-2.5毫米;花冠白色,4深裂,裂片线状倒披针形,长(1-)1.5-2.5厘米,宽0.5-3.5毫米,花冠管短,长1.5-4毫米;雄蕊藏于管内或稍伸出,花丝长在0.5毫米之下,花药长卵形,长1.5-2毫米,药隔突出;子房卵形,长1.5-2毫米,柱头球形,稍2裂。果椭圆形,被白粉,长1-1.5厘米,径6-10毫米,呈蓝黑色或黑色。花期3-6月,果期6-11月。
分布(Distribution):产于甘肃、陕西、山西、河北、河南以南至云南、四川、广东、福建、台湾,生海拔3000米以下的稀疏混交林中或灌丛中,或山坡、河边。朝鲜、日本也有分布。
用途(Use):花、嫩叶晒干可代茶,味香;果可榨芳香油;木材可制器具。
引自中国植物志英文版:FOC Vol. 15 Page 293   
Chionanthus retusus Lindley & Paxton, Paxton's Flow. Gard. 3: 85. 1852.
流苏树 liu su shu| Oleaceae  | Chionanthus
Chionanthus retusus var. mairei H. Léveillé.
Shrubs or trees to 20 m. Branchlets terete, spreading, glabrous, or pubescent when young. Petiole 0.5-2 cm, densely covered with curly hairs; leaf blade oblong, elliptic, or orbicular, sometimes ovate or obovate, 3-12 × 2-6.5 cm, usually somewhat leathery, adaxially villous along veins, abaxially villous or glabrescent except on veins, base rounded to cuneate, rarely subcordate, apex blunt, sometimes retuse or acute; primary veins 3 or 4 on each side of midrib, slightly raised. Cymose panicles terminal on lateral shoots, 3-12 cm, glabrescent. Pedicel slender, 0.5-2 cm, glabrous. Calyx 1-3 mm; lobes narrowly deltate or lanceolate, 0.5-2.5 mm. Corolla white; tube 1.5-4 mm; lobes linear-oblanceolate, (1-) 1.5-2.5 cm. Anthers long ovate, 1.5-2 mm. Drupe blue-black or black, pruinose, ovoid, 1-1.5 cm × 6-10 mm. Fl. Mar-Jun, fr. Jun-Nov. 2n = 46*.
Mixed forests, thickets, along rivers; 0-3000 m. Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Hebei, Henan, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan [Japan, Korea].
流苏树 Chionanthus retusus


流苏树 Chionanthus retusus

流苏树 Chionanthus retusus

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