迷迭香Rosmarinus officinalis

中文名(Chinese Name):迷迭香
学名(Scientific Name):Rosmarinus officinalis L.
英文名(English Common Name):rosemary
别名(Chinese Common Name):
异名(Synonym):Rosmarinus officinalis subsp. laxiflorus (No? ex Lange) Nyman
科属(Family & Genus):唇形科(Labiatae)迷迭香属
形态特征(Description):灌木,高达2米。茎及老枝圆柱形,皮层暗灰色,不规则的纵裂,块状剥落,幼枝四棱形,密被白色星状细绒毛。叶常常在枝上丛生,具极短的柄或无柄,叶片线形,长1-2.5厘米,宽1-2毫米,先端钝,基部渐狭,全缘,向背面卷曲,革质,上面稍具光泽,近无毛,下面密被白色的星状绒毛。花近无梗,对生,少数聚集在短枝的顶端组成总状花序;苞片小,具柄。花萼卵状钟形,长约4毫米,外面密被白色星状绒毛及腺体,内面无毛,11脉,二唇形,上唇近圆形,全缘或具很短的3齿,下唇2齿,齿卵圆状三角形。花冠蓝紫色,长不及1厘米,外被疏短柔毛,内面无毛,冠筒稍外伸,冠檐二唇形,上唇直伸,2浅裂,裂片卵圆形,下唇宽大,3裂,中裂片最大,内凹,下倾,边缘为齿状,基部缢缩成柄,侧裂片长圆形。雄蕊2枚发育,着生于花冠下唇的下方,花丝中部有1向下的小齿,药室平行,仅1室能育。花柱细长,远超过雄蕊,先端不相等2浅裂,裂片钻形,后裂片短。花盘平顶,具相等的裂片。子房裂片与花盘裂片互生。花期11月。
分布(Distribution):原产欧洲及北非地中海沿岸,我国南北普遍栽培。
用途(Use):为一芳香油植物,从叶及着花短枝提油,每年可进行3次,含油量在0.19-1.7%之间,若单从叶提油,含油量高达2%,油的主要成分为蒎烯,可作皂用或化桩香精之调合原料。此外又可作观赏植物。
引自植物志英文版:FOC Vol. 17 Page 222
Rosmarinus officinalis Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 23. 1753.
迷迭香 mi die xiang | Lamiaceae  | Rosmarinus
Plants to 2 m tall. Bark dark gray, irregularly fissured, exfoliating, young branches densely white stellate-tomentulose. Leaves tufted on branches, sessile to short petiolate; leaf blade 1-2.5 cm × 1-2 mm, leathery, adaxially somewhat shiny, subglabrous, abaxially densely white stellate-tomentose, base attenuate, margin entire, revolute, apex obtuse. Calyx ca. 4 mm, densely white stellate tomentose and glandular outside, upper lip subcircular, teeth of lower lip ovate-triangular. Corolla blue-purple, less than 1 cm, sparsely pubescent outside, tube slightly exserted, apex of upper lip 2-lobed, lobes ovate, middle lobe of lower lip constricted at base into claw, lateral lobes oblong. Fl. Nov.
Introduced in China ca. 220 A.D. [Africa, SW Asia, Europe]
An aromatic ornamental plant.
迷迭香Rosmarinus officinalis

迷迭香Rosmarinus officinalis

迷迭香Rosmarinus officinalis(责任编辑:徐晔春)

顶一下[4]

踩一下[0]