牛耳枫Daphniphyllum calycinum

中文名(Chinese Name):牛耳枫
学名(Scientific Name):Daphniphyllum calycinum Benth.
英文名(English Common Name):
别名(Chinese Common Name):南岭虎皮楠
异名(Synonym):Daphniphyllum calleryanum Baill.  Daphniphyllum gaudichaudianum Baill.
科属(Family & Genus):虎皮楠科(Daphniphyllaceae)虎皮楠属
形态特征(Description):灌木,高1.5-4米;小枝灰褐色,径3-5毫米,具稀疏皮孔。叶纸质,阔椭圆形或倒卵形,长12-16厘米,宽4-9厘米,先端钝或圆形,具短尖头,基部阔楔形,全缘,略反卷,干后两面绿色,叶面具光泽,叶背多少被白粉,具细小乳突体,侧脉8-11对,在叶面清晰,叶背突起;叶柄长4-8厘米,上面平或略具槽,径约2毫米。总状花序腋生,长2-3厘米,雄花花梗长8-10毫米;花萼盘状,径约4毫米,3-4浅裂,裂片阔三角形;雄蕊9-10枚,长约3毫米,花药长圆形,侧向压扁,药隔发达伸长,先端内弯,花丝极短;雌花花梗长5-6毫米;苞片卵形,长约3毫米;萼片3-4,阔三角形,长约1.5毫米;子房椭圆形,长1.5-2毫米,花柱短,柱头2,直立,先端外弯。果序长4-5厘米,密集排列;果卵圆形,较小,长约7毫米,被白粉,具小疣状突起,先端具宿存柱头,基部具宿萼。花期4-6月,果期8-11月。
分布(Distribution):产广西、广东、福建、江西等省区;生于海拔60-700米的疏林或灌丛中。越南和日本也有。
用途(Use):种子榨油可制肥皂或作润滑油。根和叶入药,有清热解毒、活血散瘀之效。
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 11 Page 315, 317
Daphniphyllum calycinum Bentham, Fl. Hongk. 316. 1861.
牛耳枫 niu er feng | Daphniphyllaceae  | Daphniphyllum
Shrubs, 1.5-4 m tall; branchlets grayish brown, sparsely lenticellate. Petiole 4-8 cm; leaf blade obovate or obovate-elliptic, 12-16 × 4-9 cm, chartaceous, glaucous and inconspicuously papillate abaxially, green and shining adaxially, base broadly cuneate, margin slightly reflexed, apex obtuse or rounded, mucronate; lateral veins 8-11 pairs, visible adaxially, prominent abaxially. Male flowers: pedicel 8-10 mm; calyx discoid, 3- or 4-lobed, lobes broadly triangular; stamens 9 or 10, ca. 3 mm; filaments very short; anthers oblong, laterally compressed, connective exserted. Female flowers: pedicel 5-6 mm; calyx lobes broadly triangular, ca. 1.5 mm; ovary ellipsoidal, 1.5-2 mm; style very short; stigmas 2, recurved. Infructescence 4-5 cm, densely arranged; drupe ovoid-ellipsoidal, ca. 7 × 4 mm, tuberculate, glaucous; calyx and style branches persistent. Fl. Apr-Jun, fr. Aug-Nov.
Forests, thickets; (below 100-)200-700 m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, S Hunan, S Jiangxi [Japan, Vietnam].
The seeds are rich in oil, which is used for lubrication and refined soap. The roots and leaves are used in Chinese medicine.
牛耳枫Daphniphyllum calycinum

牛耳枫Daphniphyllum calycinum

牛耳枫Daphniphyllum calycinum(责任编辑:徐晔春)

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