郁香忍冬Lonicera fragrantissima

郁香忍冬Lonicera fragrantissima

郁香忍冬Lonicera fragrantissima

郁香忍冬Lonicera fragrantissima

中文名(Chinese Name):郁香忍冬
学名(Scientific Name):Lonicera fragrantissima Lindl. & Paxton
英文名(English Common Name):sweet breath of spring
别名(Chinese Common Name):香忍冬、四月红
异名(Synonym):Caprifolium fragrantissima O. Ktze;Xylosteon fragrantissimum (Lindl. & Paxton) Small
科属(Family & Genus):忍冬科(Caprifoliaceae)忍冬属
形态特征(Description):半常绿或有时落叶灌木,高达2米;幼枝无毛或疏被倒刚毛,间或夹杂短腺毛,毛脱落后留有小瘤状突起,老枝灰褐色。冬芽有1对顶端尖的外鳞片,将内鳞片盖没。叶厚纸质或带革质,形态变异很大,从倒卵状椭圆形、椭圆形、圆卵形、卵形至卵状矩圆形,长3~7 (~8.5) 厘米,顶端短尖或具凸尖,基部圆形或阔楔形,两面无毛或仅下面中脉有少数刚伏毛,更或仅下面基部中脉两侧有稍弯短糙毛,有时上面中脉有伏毛,边缘多少有硬睫毛或几无毛;叶柄长2-5毫米,有刚毛。花先于叶或与叶同时开放,芳香,生于幼枝基部苞腋,总花梗长 (2-) 5-10毫米;苞片披针形至近条形,长约为萼筒的2-4倍;相邻两萼筒约连合至中部,长1.5-3毫米,萼檐近截形或微5裂;花冠白色或淡红色,长1-1.5厘米,外面无毛或稀有疏糙毛,唇形,筒长4-5毫米,内面密生柔毛,基部有浅囊,上唇长7-8毫米,裂片深达中部,下唇舌状,长8-10毫米,反曲;雄蕊内藏,花丝长短不一;花柱无毛。果实鲜红色,矩圆形,长约1厘米,部分连合;种子褐色,稍扁,矩圆形,长约3.5毫米,有细凹点。花期2月中旬-4月,果熟期4月下旬-5月。
分布(Distribution):产河北、河南、湖北、安徽、浙江及江西,生于海拔200-700米的山坡灌丛中。
用途(Use):
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 19 Page 622, 628
Lonicera fragrantissima Lindley & Paxton in Paxton, Fl. Gard. 3: 75. 1852.
郁香忍冬 yu xiang ren dong | Caprifoliaceae  | Lonicera
Shrubs, deciduous, to 2 m tall. Winter buds with a pair of acute, cartilaginous outer scales covering membranous inner scales. Young branches usually with reflexed bristles. Petiole 2-5 mm, hirsute; leaf blade sometimes paler abaxially, variable in shape, obovate or ovate to lanceolate, 3-8.5 × 1-4.5 cm, glabrous to pubescent or hirsute, base subcordate to cuneate, margin ciliate or subglabrous, sometimes slightly revolute, apex rounded to acuminate. Inflorescences axillary with paired flowers at base of new shoots; flowers fragrant, opening early in spring; peduncle 1-15 mm, glabrous to hirsute; bracts leaflike to lanceolate, 7-10 mm; bracteoles absent. Paired ovaries fused to middle or above, 1-3 mm. Calyx cupular, truncate or minutely lobed, sometimes ciliate, not constricted at base. Corolla bilabiate, white to pink, 1-1.5 cm, outside glabrous to hirsute; tube 4-5 mm, inside densely puberulent, shallowly gibbous toward base; upper lip ca. 7 mm, lobed to middle; lower lip recurved, ca. 8 mm. Stamens and style exserted from corolla tube; filaments unequal in length. Style glabrous. Berries red, oblong, ca. 1 cm, partly united; seeds brown, slightly compressed, oblong, ca. 3.5 mm, with shallow pits. Fl. Jan-Apr, fr. Apr-Jun.
● Forests, scrub; 100-2700 m. Anhui, Gansu, Guizhou, Hebei, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Zhejiang.(责任编辑:徐晔春)

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