昆明十大功劳Mahonia duclouxiana

昆明十大功劳Mahonia duclouxiana


昆明十大功劳Mahonia duclouxiana

昆明十大功劳Mahonia duclouxiana
中文名(Chinese Name):昆明十大功劳
学名(Scientific Name):Mahonia duclouxiana Gagnep.
英文名(English Common Name):
别名(Chinese Common Name):长柱十大功劳
异名(Synonym):Mahonia mairei Takeda;Mahonia flavida Schneider;Mahonia siamensis Takeda;Mahonia dolichostylis Takeda;Mahonia duclouxiana var. hilaica Ahrendt;Mahonia borealis var. parryi Ahrendt;Mahonia borealis var. perryi Ahrendt
科属(Family & Genus):小檗科(Berberidaceae)十大功劳属
形态特征(Description):灌木,高1.5-4米。叶长圆形至长圆状椭圆形,长20-70厘米,宽10-22厘米,薄纸质至薄革质,具4-9对无柄小叶,最下一对小叶距叶柄基部约1厘米,上面暗绿色,稍有光泽,网脉扁平,显著,背面黄绿色,叶脉明显隆起,网脉不显,叶轴粗约3-5毫米,节间长2.5-11厘米,从基部向顶端渐次增长;小叶无柄,狭卵形、长圆状卵形至狭长圆状卵形或椭圆状披针形,从基部向顶端叶长渐增,但叶宽渐减;最下一对小叶长1. 5-3厘米,宽1.2-2厘米,其余小叶长4.5-16厘米,宽1.5-5厘米,基部圆形,偏斜,每边具2-12刺锯齿,先端渐尖或急尖;有时顶生小叶较大,长达18厘米,宽4厘米,具小叶柄,长1-3厘米。总状花序4-15个簇生,(有时总状花序具有短分枝),长8-30厘米;芽鳞阔披针形至卵形,长2-3.5厘米,宽5-8毫米;花梗长3.2-6毫米;苞片阔披针形至卵形,长3-6毫米,宽1.5-2.5毫米;花黄色;外萼片卵形至三角状卵形,长1.1-3毫米,宽1.1-5毫米,中萼片卵形、卵状长圆形至椭圆形,长2.2-5毫米,宽1.9-2.5毫米,内萼片长圆形至椭圆形,长3.2-8毫米,宽2-3 . 6毫米;花瓣长圆形至椭圆形,长3-7.2毫米,宽1.6-3.5毫米,基部具2枚腺体,先端微缺裂,裂片钝圆;雄蕊长3.5-5.5毫米,药隔显著延伸,顶端截形或圆形;子房直径5-6毫米,花柱长2-3毫米,胚珠4-7枚。浆果球形或近球形,直径5-8毫米,深紫色,被白分,宿存花柱长2-3毫米。花期11-4月,果期3-6月。
分布(Distribution):产云南、四川及广西,生于海拔1800-2700米的林中、灌丛中、路边或山坡上。
用途(Use):
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 19 Page 772, 775
Mahonia duclouxiana Gagnepain, Bull. Soc. Bot. France. 55: 87. 1908.
长柱十大功劳 chang zhu shi da gong lao| Berberidaceae  | Mahonia
Berberis borealis (Takeda) Laferrière var. parryi (Ahrendt) Laferrière; B. dolichostylis (Takeda) Laferrière; B. duclouxiana (Gagnepain) Laferrière; B. duclouxiana var. hilaica (Ahrendt) Laferrière; B. flavida (C. K. Schneider) Laferrière; B. flavida var. integrifoliola (Handel-Mazzetti) Laferrière; B. keikoe Laferrière; B. siamensis (Takeda) Laferrière; B. tsailunii Laferrière; Mahonia borealis Takeda var. parryi Ahrendt; M. dolichostylis Takeda; M. duclouxiana var. hilaica Ahrendt; M. flavida C. K. Schneider; M. flavida f. integrifoliola Handel-Mazzetti; M. mairei Takeda; M. siamensis Takeda.
Shrubs, 1.5-4 m tall. Leaves abaxially yellowish green, adaxially dull to slightly shiny, oblong to oblong-elliptic, 20-70 × 10-22 cm, thinly papery to thinly leathery; leaflets 4-9 pairs, obliquely arranged, separate to remote, sessile, lowest pair ca. 1 cm above base of petiole, abaxial veins distinctly raised, adaxial veins reticulate, indistinctly raised; rachis 3-5 mm in diam.; internodes 2.5-11 cm, decreasing in length apically; leaflets narrowly ovate or oblong-ovate to narrowly oblong-ovate or elliptic-lanceolate, increasing in length but decreasing in width from base to apex, lowest leaflets 1.5-3 × 1.2-2 cm, those above 4.5-16 × 1.5-5 cm, base rounded, oblique, margin with 3-12 teeth on each side, apex acuminate or acute, sometimes terminal leaflet much larger, to 18 × 4 cm, sessile or (more commonly) petiolule 1-3 cm. Inflorescence 4-15 simple or shortly branched fascicles of racemes, 8-30 cm; bracts of inflorescence broadly lanceolate to ovate, 2-3.5 cm × 5-8 mm. Pedicel 3.2-6 mm; floral bracts broadly lanceolate to ovate, 3-6.5 × 1.5-2.5 mm. Sepals yellow; outer sepals ovate to triangular-ovate, 1.1-3 × 1.1-5 mm; median sepals ovate or ovate-oblong to elliptic, 2.2-5 × 1.9-2.5 mm; inner sepals oblong to elliptic, 3.2-8 × 2-3.6 mm. Petals yellow, oblong to elliptic, 3-7.2 × 1.6-3.5 mm, base with distinct glands, apex emarginate, lobes obtuse. Stamens 3.5-5.5 mm; anther connective conspicuously prolonged, truncate or rounded. Ovary 5-6 mm in diam.; ovules 4-7; style 2-3 mm. Berry deep purple, pruinose, globose to subglobose, 5-8 mm in diam.; style persistent, 2-3 mm. Fl. Nov-Apr, fr. Mar-Jun.
Forests, thickets, roadsides, in light shade, dry slopes; 1800-2700 m. Guangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan [India, Myanmar, Thailand].


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