中文名（Chinese Name）：紫玉盘
学名（Scientific Name）：Uvaria macrophylla Roxb.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：油椎、酒饼木
异名（Synonym）：Uvaria macclurei Diels；Uvaria microcarpa Champ. ex Benth.；Guatteria cordata Dunal；Uvaria dolichoclada Hayata；Uvaria obovatifolia Hayata；Uvaria macrophylla var. microcarpa (Champion ex Bentham) Finet et Gagnep.；Uvaria badiiflora Hance；Uvaria cordata Wall.
科属（Family & Genus）：番荔枝科（Annonaceae）紫玉盘属
形态特征（Description）：直立灌木，高约2米，枝条蔓延性；幼枝、幼叶、叶柄、花梗、苞片、萼片、花瓣、心皮和果均被黄色星状柔毛，老渐无毛或几无毛。叶革质，长倒卵形或长椭圆形，长10-23厘米，宽5-11厘米，顶端急尖或钝，基部近心形或圆形；侧脉每边约13条，在叶面凹陷，叶背凸起。花1-2朵，与叶对生，暗紫红色或淡红褐色，直径2.5-3.5厘米；花梗长2厘米以下；萼片阔卵形，长约5毫米，宽约10毫米；花瓣内外轮相似，卵圆形，长约2厘米，宽约1.3厘米，顶端圆或钝；雄蕊线形，长约9毫米，药隔卵圆形，无毛，最外面的雄蕊常退化为倒披针形的假雄蕊；心皮长圆形或线形，长约5毫米，柱头马蹄形，顶端2裂而内卷。果卵圆形或短圆柱形，长1-2厘米，直径1厘米，暗紫褐色，顶端有短尖头；种子圆球形，直径6.5-7.5毫米。花期3-8月，果期7月-翌年3月。
分布（Distribution）：产于广西、广东和台湾。生于低海拔灌木丛中或丘陵山地疏林中。越南和老挝也有。
用途（Use）：茎皮纤维坚韧，可编织绳索或麻袋。根可药用，治风湿、跌打损伤、腰腿痛等；叶可止痛消肿。兽医用作治牛膨胀，可健胃，促进反刍和跌打肿痛。
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 19 Page 674, 676
Uvaria macrophylla Roxburgh, Fl. Ind. 2: 663. 1824.
紫玉盘 zi yu pan | Annonaceae| Uvaria
Guatteria cordata Dunal; Uvaria badiiflora Hance; U. cordata (Dunal) Alston (1931), not Schumacher & Thonning (1827); U. dolichoclada Hayata; U. macclurei Diels; U. macrophylla var. microcarpa (Champion ex Bentham) Finet & Gagnepain; U. microcarpa Champion ex Bentham; U. obovatifolia Hayata; U. synsepala Miquel.
Shrubs to 18 m tall, climbing, stellate pubescent throughout or stellate tomentose when young and glabrescent, hairs ferruginous in dried specimens. Petiole 5-10 mm; leaf blade obovate, oblong-obovate, elliptic, or broadly oblong, 9-30 × 3-15 cm, leathery, secondary veins 9-14(-22) on each side of midvein, abaxially elevated, and usually adaxially impressed when dry, base shallowly cordate, truncate, rounded, or rarely cuneate, apex acute, obtuse, or rounded and mostly apiculate. Inflorescences leaf-opposed or rarely extra-axillary, sometimes cymose, 1- or 2(or more)-flowered; bracts ovate to broadly elliptic, 4-7 mm. Flowers 2-3.8 cm in diam. Pedicel 0.5-4 cm. Sepals ovate to broadly ovate, 4-5 × 4-5 mm. Petals dark red, purple, or purplish, subovate to oblong-elliptic, 1.2-2 × 0.6-1.3 cm, spreading, apex rounded to obtuse. Stamens oblong, ca. 9 mm; connectives ovoid, apex puberulent or glabrous; outer stamens sterile, oblanceolate, ca. 7 mm. Carpels oblong, ca. 5 mm; stigmas horseshoe-shaped, apex 2-cleft and involute. Monocarps orange, ovoid to subterete, 1-3 × 1-1.5 cm, not constricted between seeds; epicarp not spiny, hairy or glabrous. Seeds globose, 6.5-7.5 mm in diam. Fl. Mar-Sep, fr. Jul-Mar. 2n = 22.
Open forests, scrub; 400-1400 m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Taiwan, SE Yunnan [Bangladesh, Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam].
The fine strong bast fiber obtained from the bark of Uvaria macrophylla is used for making sacks. The roots are used as a sedative, to stop vomiting, and for rheumatism. The leaves are used to relieve pain and to reduce swellings.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）