何首乌Fallopia multiflora
中文名（Chinese Name）：何首乌
学名（Scientific Name）：Fallopia multiflora (Thunb.) Haraldson
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：多花蓼、紫乌藤、夜交藤
异名（Synonym）：Aconogonon hypoleucum (Nakai ex Ohwi) Soják Fallopia multiflora var. hypoleuca (Ohwi) Yonek. et H. Ohashi Fagopyrum multiflorum (Thunb.) J. Grintz Pleuropterus cordatus (Thunb.) Turcz. Polygonum multiflorum var. angulatum S. Y. Liu Polygonum multiflorum var. hypoleucum (Nakai ex Ohwi) T. S. Liu, S. S. Ying et M. J. Lai Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. Reynoutria multiflora (Thunb.) Moldenke Bilderdykia multiflora (Thunb.) Roberty et Vautier Pleuropterus multiflorus (Thunb.) Nakai Helxine multiflora (Thunb.) Raf. Helxine multiflorum (Thunb.) Raf. Pleuropterus hypoleucus Nakai
科属（Family & Genus）：蓼科（Polygonaceae）何首乌属
形态特征（Description）：多年生草本。块根肥厚，长椭圆形，黑褐色。茎缠绕，长2-4米，多分枝，具纵棱，无毛，微粗糙，下部木质化。叶卵形或长卵形，长3-7厘米，宽2-5厘米，顶端渐尖，基部心形或近心形，两面粗糙，边缘全缘；叶柄长1.5-3厘米；托叶鞘膜质，偏斜，无毛，长3-5毫米。花序圆锥状，顶生或腋生，长10-20厘米，分枝开展，具细纵棱，沿棱密被小突起；苞片三角状卵形，具小突起，顶端尖，每苞内具2-4花；花梗细弱，长2-3毫米，下部具关节，果时延长；花被5深裂，白色或淡绿色，花被片椭圆形，大小不相等，外面3片较大背部具翅，果时增大，花被果时外形近圆形，直径6-7毫米；雄蕊8, 花丝下部较宽；花柱3, 极短，柱头头状。瘦果卵形，具3棱，长2.5-3毫米，黑褐色，有光泽，包于宿存花被内。花期8-9月，果期9-10月。
分布（Distribution）：产陕西、甘肃、华东、华中、华南、四川、云南及贵州。生海拔200-3000米山谷灌丛、山坡林下、沟边石隙。日本也有。
用途（Use）：块根入药，安神、养血、活络。
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 5 Page 317
Fallopia multiflora (Thunberg) Haraldson, Symb. Bot. Upsal. 22(2): 77. 1978.
何首乌 he shou wu| Polygonaceae | Fallopia
Herbs perennial. Root tuber black-brown, narrowly elliptic, large, ligneous. Stems twining, 2-4 cm, much branched, striate, glabrous, ligneous at base. Petiole 1.5-3 cm; leaf blade ovate or narrowly ovate, 3-7 × 2-5 cm, both surfaces glabrous or abaxially papillate along veins, base cordate or subcordate, margin entire, apex acuminate; ocrea 3-5 mm, membranous, oblique, glabrous. Inflorescence terminal or axillary, paniculate, spreading, 10-20 cm; peduncle minutely papillate; bracts triangular-ovate, papillate, apex acute, each 2-4-flowered. Pedicel 2-3 mm, slender, articulate at base, elongate in fruit. Perianth white or greenish; tepals elliptic, unequal in size, outer 3 larger, accrescent and winged on abaxial surface in fruit; wings decurrent below to pedicels on abaxial surface in fruit; wings decurrent below to pedicels. Perianth (including wings) in fruit nearly orbicular, 6-7 mm in diam. Stamens 8; filaments dilated at base. Styles 3, very short; stigmas capitate. Achenes included in persistent perianth, black-brown, shiny, ovoid, trigonous, 2.5-3 mm, smooth. Fl. Jun-Oct, fr. Jul-Nov.
Mountain slopes, rock crevices, thickets in valleys; 200-3000 m. Anhui, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, ?Hebei, ?Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shandong, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Japan].
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Fallopia multiflora (Thunb.) Haraldson
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：多花蓼、紫乌藤、夜交藤
异名（Synonym）：Aconogonon hypoleucum (Nakai ex Ohwi) Soják Fallopia multiflora var. hypoleuca (Ohwi) Yonek. et H. Ohashi Fagopyrum multiflorum (Thunb.) J. Grintz Pleuropterus cordatus (Thunb.) Turcz. Polygonum multiflorum var. angulatum S. Y. Liu Polygonum multiflorum var. hypoleucum (Nakai ex Ohwi) T. S. Liu, S. S. Ying et M. J. Lai Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. Reynoutria multiflora (Thunb.) Moldenke Bilderdykia multiflora (Thunb.) Roberty et Vautier Pleuropterus multiflorus (Thunb.) Nakai Helxine multiflora (Thunb.) Raf. Helxine multiflorum (Thunb.) Raf. Pleuropterus hypoleucus Nakai
科属（Family & Genus）：蓼科（Polygonaceae）何首乌属
形态特征（Description）：多年生草本。块根肥厚，长椭圆形，黑褐色。茎缠绕，长2-4米，多分枝，具纵棱，无毛，微粗糙，下部木质化。叶卵形或长卵形，长3-7厘米，宽2-5厘米，顶端渐尖，基部心形或近心形，两面粗糙，边缘全缘；叶柄长1.5-3厘米；托叶鞘膜质，偏斜，无毛，长3-5毫米。花序圆锥状，顶生或腋生，长10-20厘米，分枝开展，具细纵棱，沿棱密被小突起；苞片三角状卵形，具小突起，顶端尖，每苞内具2-4花；花梗细弱，长2-3毫米，下部具关节，果时延长；花被5深裂，白色或淡绿色，花被片椭圆形，大小不相等，外面3片较大背部具翅，果时增大，花被果时外形近圆形，直径6-7毫米；雄蕊8, 花丝下部较宽；花柱3, 极短，柱头头状。瘦果卵形，具3棱，长2.5-3毫米，黑褐色，有光泽，包于宿存花被内。花期8-9月，果期9-10月。
分布（Distribution）：产陕西、甘肃、华东、华中、华南、四川、云南及贵州。生海拔200-3000米山谷灌丛、山坡林下、沟边石隙。日本也有。
用途（Use）：块根入药，安神、养血、活络。
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 5 Page 317
Fallopia multiflora (Thunberg) Haraldson, Symb. Bot. Upsal. 22(2): 77. 1978.
何首乌 he shou wu| Polygonaceae | Fallopia
Herbs perennial. Root tuber black-brown, narrowly elliptic, large, ligneous. Stems twining, 2-4 cm, much branched, striate, glabrous, ligneous at base. Petiole 1.5-3 cm; leaf blade ovate or narrowly ovate, 3-7 × 2-5 cm, both surfaces glabrous or abaxially papillate along veins, base cordate or subcordate, margin entire, apex acuminate; ocrea 3-5 mm, membranous, oblique, glabrous. Inflorescence terminal or axillary, paniculate, spreading, 10-20 cm; peduncle minutely papillate; bracts triangular-ovate, papillate, apex acute, each 2-4-flowered. Pedicel 2-3 mm, slender, articulate at base, elongate in fruit. Perianth white or greenish; tepals elliptic, unequal in size, outer 3 larger, accrescent and winged on abaxial surface in fruit; wings decurrent below to pedicels on abaxial surface in fruit; wings decurrent below to pedicels. Perianth (including wings) in fruit nearly orbicular, 6-7 mm in diam. Stamens 8; filaments dilated at base. Styles 3, very short; stigmas capitate. Achenes included in persistent perianth, black-brown, shiny, ovoid, trigonous, 2.5-3 mm, smooth. Fl. Jun-Oct, fr. Jul-Nov.
Mountain slopes, rock crevices, thickets in valleys; 200-3000 m. Anhui, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, ?Hebei, ?Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shandong, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Japan].
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
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