西番莲Passiflora caerulea
中文名（Chinese Name）：西番莲
学名（Scientific Name）：Passiflora caerulea L.
英文名（English Common Name）：bluecrown passionflower
别名（Chinese Common Name）：计时草、转心莲
异名（Synonym）：Passiflora coerulea Linn. Passiflora loureirii G. Don Passiflora caerulea var. angustifolia G.Don Passiflora caerulea var. glauca Mast. Passiflora caerulea var. glaucophylla Loudon Passiflora caerulea var. imbricata Mast. Passiflora caerulea var. regnellii Mast. Passiflora loureiroi G. Don Passiflora selloi Dehnh.
科属（Family & Genus）：西番莲科（Passifloraceae）西番莲属
形态特征（Description）：草质藤本；茎圆柱形并微有棱角，无毛，略被白粉；叶纸质、长5-7厘米，宽6-8厘米，基部心形，掌状5深裂，中间裂片卵状长圆形，两侧裂片略小，无毛、全缘；叶柄长2-3厘米，中部有2-4（-6)细小腺体；托叶较大、肾形，抱茎、长达1.2厘米，边缘波状，聚伞花序退化仅存1花，与卷须对生；花大，淡绿色，直径大，6-8（-10）厘米；花梗长3-4厘米；苞片宽卵形，长3厘米，全缘；萼片5枚，长3-4.5厘米，外面淡绿色，内面绿白色、外面顶端具1角状附属器；花瓣5枚，淡绿色，与萼片近等长；外副花冠裂片3轮，丝状，外轮与中轮裂片，长达1-1.5厘米，顶端天蓝色，中部白色、下部紫红色，内轮裂片丝状，长1-2毫米，顶端具1紫红色头状体，下部淡绿色；内副花冠流苏状，裂片紫红色，其下具1密腺环；具花盘，高约1-2毫米；雌雄蕊柄长8-10毫米；雄蕊5枚，花丝分离，长约1厘米、扁平；花药长圆形，长约1.3厘米；子房卵圆球形；花柱3枚，分离，紫红色，长约1.6厘米；柱头肾形。浆果卵圆球形至近圆球形，长约6厘米，熟时橙黄色或黄色；种子多数，倒心形，长约5毫米。花期5-7月。
分布（Distribution）：原产南美洲，我国引种栽培。
用途（Use）：花大而奇特，可作庭园观赏植物。全草可入药，具有祛风消热、风热头昏等。
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 13 Page 141, 142, 146
Passiflora caerulea Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 959. 1753.
西番莲 xi fan lian| Passifloraceae | Passiflora
Passiflora caerulea Loureiro ex Candolle (1828), not Linnaeus (1753); P. loureiroi G. Don.
Herbaceous vines. Stem terete, slightly angulate, glabrous. Stipules reniform, ca. 1.2 cm, clasping, margin undulate; petiole 2-3 cm, with 2-4(-6) small glands; leaf blade 5-7 × 6-8 cm, papery, base cordate, margin entire, palmately (3-)5(-9)-lobed; lobes ovate-oblong, middle lobe slightly larger than lateral lobes, glabrous. Inflorescence a reduced cyme, central flower not developed, one lateral branch converted to a tendril, flower opposite tendril; bracts broadly ovate, 2-3 cm, margin entire. Pedicel 3-4 cm. Flowers 6-8(-10) cm in diam. Sepals light green outside, white inside, 3-4.5 cm, awn 2-3 mm. Petals white to light green, 2.5-4 cm. Corona in 3 or 4 series, filamentous; outer 2 series (0.6-)1-1.5 cm, base dark purple, middle white, apex bright blue; inner 1 or 2 series 1-2 mm, base light green, apex white and capitate; operculum fimbricate, lobes dark purple, with annular nectary at base; disk 1-2 mm high; androgynophore 8-10 mm tall. Filaments ca. 1 cm, flat, free; anthers oblong, ca. 1.3 cm. Ovary ovoid-globose; styles free, purple, 6-8 mm; stigma reniform. Berry orange-yellow or yellow, ovoid-globose or subglobose, ca. 6 cm. Seeds many, obcordate, ca. 5 mm. Fl. May-Jul.
Cultivated. Guangxi, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan [native to South America (N Argentina, S Brazil)].
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Passiflora caerulea L.
英文名（English Common Name）：bluecrown passionflower
别名（Chinese Common Name）：计时草、转心莲
异名（Synonym）：Passiflora coerulea Linn. Passiflora loureirii G. Don Passiflora caerulea var. angustifolia G.Don Passiflora caerulea var. glauca Mast. Passiflora caerulea var. glaucophylla Loudon Passiflora caerulea var. imbricata Mast. Passiflora caerulea var. regnellii Mast. Passiflora loureiroi G. Don Passiflora selloi Dehnh.
科属（Family & Genus）：西番莲科（Passifloraceae）西番莲属
形态特征（Description）：草质藤本；茎圆柱形并微有棱角，无毛，略被白粉；叶纸质、长5-7厘米，宽6-8厘米，基部心形，掌状5深裂，中间裂片卵状长圆形，两侧裂片略小，无毛、全缘；叶柄长2-3厘米，中部有2-4（-6)细小腺体；托叶较大、肾形，抱茎、长达1.2厘米，边缘波状，聚伞花序退化仅存1花，与卷须对生；花大，淡绿色，直径大，6-8（-10）厘米；花梗长3-4厘米；苞片宽卵形，长3厘米，全缘；萼片5枚，长3-4.5厘米，外面淡绿色，内面绿白色、外面顶端具1角状附属器；花瓣5枚，淡绿色，与萼片近等长；外副花冠裂片3轮，丝状，外轮与中轮裂片，长达1-1.5厘米，顶端天蓝色，中部白色、下部紫红色，内轮裂片丝状，长1-2毫米，顶端具1紫红色头状体，下部淡绿色；内副花冠流苏状，裂片紫红色，其下具1密腺环；具花盘，高约1-2毫米；雌雄蕊柄长8-10毫米；雄蕊5枚，花丝分离，长约1厘米、扁平；花药长圆形，长约1.3厘米；子房卵圆球形；花柱3枚，分离，紫红色，长约1.6厘米；柱头肾形。浆果卵圆球形至近圆球形，长约6厘米，熟时橙黄色或黄色；种子多数，倒心形，长约5毫米。花期5-7月。
分布（Distribution）：原产南美洲，我国引种栽培。
用途（Use）：花大而奇特，可作庭园观赏植物。全草可入药，具有祛风消热、风热头昏等。
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 13 Page 141, 142, 146
Passiflora caerulea Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 959. 1753.
西番莲 xi fan lian| Passifloraceae | Passiflora
Passiflora caerulea Loureiro ex Candolle (1828), not Linnaeus (1753); P. loureiroi G. Don.
Herbaceous vines. Stem terete, slightly angulate, glabrous. Stipules reniform, ca. 1.2 cm, clasping, margin undulate; petiole 2-3 cm, with 2-4(-6) small glands; leaf blade 5-7 × 6-8 cm, papery, base cordate, margin entire, palmately (3-)5(-9)-lobed; lobes ovate-oblong, middle lobe slightly larger than lateral lobes, glabrous. Inflorescence a reduced cyme, central flower not developed, one lateral branch converted to a tendril, flower opposite tendril; bracts broadly ovate, 2-3 cm, margin entire. Pedicel 3-4 cm. Flowers 6-8(-10) cm in diam. Sepals light green outside, white inside, 3-4.5 cm, awn 2-3 mm. Petals white to light green, 2.5-4 cm. Corona in 3 or 4 series, filamentous; outer 2 series (0.6-)1-1.5 cm, base dark purple, middle white, apex bright blue; inner 1 or 2 series 1-2 mm, base light green, apex white and capitate; operculum fimbricate, lobes dark purple, with annular nectary at base; disk 1-2 mm high; androgynophore 8-10 mm tall. Filaments ca. 1 cm, flat, free; anthers oblong, ca. 1.3 cm. Ovary ovoid-globose; styles free, purple, 6-8 mm; stigma reniform. Berry orange-yellow or yellow, ovoid-globose or subglobose, ca. 6 cm. Seeds many, obcordate, ca. 5 mm. Fl. May-Jul.
Cultivated. Guangxi, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan [native to South America (N Argentina, S Brazil)].
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
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