嘉兰Gloriosa superba
中文名（Chinese Name）：嘉兰
学名（Scientific Name）：Gloriosa superba L.
英文名（English Common Name）：flame lily
别名（Chinese Common Name）：
异名（Synonym）：Methonica abyssinica (A.Rich.) Walp. Methonica doniana (Schult. & Schult.f.) Kunth Methonica gloriosa Salisb. Methonica leopoldii Van Houtte ex Lem. Methonica petersiana Klotzsch ex Garcke Methonica plantii Planch. Methonica virescens (Lindl.) Kunth Methonica platyphylla Klotzsch Methonica superba (L.) Crantz Methonica grandiflora Hook. Clinostylis speciosa Hochst. Gloriosa superba f. angustifolia Kuntze, nom. illeg. Eugone superba (L.) Salisb. Gloriosa abyssinica A.Rich. Gloriosa angulata Schumach. Gloriosa caerulea Mill. Gloriosa carsonii Baker Gloriosa cirrhifolia Stokes Gloriosa doniana Schult. & Schult.f. Gloriosa graminifolia var. heterophylla Chiov. Gloriosa homblei De Wild. Gloriosa leopoldii (Van Houtte ex Lem.) Van Houtte & Voss Gloriosa lutea auct. Gloriosa nepalensis G.Don Gloriosa plantii (Planch.) Loudon Gloriosa rockefelleriana Stehlé & M.Stehlé Gloriosa rothschildiana O'Brien Gloriosa sampiana Pires de Lima Gloriosa simplex L. Gloriosa speciosa (Hochst.) Engl. Gloriosa superba var. angustifolia Baker Gloriosa verschuurii Hoog Gloriosa virescens Lindl. Gloriosa virescens var. grandiflora (Hook.) Baker Gloriosa superba f. doniana (Schult. & Schult.f.) T.Durand & Schinz Gloriosa virescens var. plantii (Planch.) T.Durand & Schinz Gloriosa virescens var. leopoldii (Van Houtte ex Lem.) T.Durand & Schinz Gloriosa virescens var. petersiana (Klotzsch ex Garcke) T.Durand & Schinz Gloriosa virescens var. platyphylla (Klotzsch) T.Durand & Schinz Gloriosa superba f. grandiflora (Hook.) Kuntze
科属（Family & Genus）：百合科（Liliaceae）嘉兰属
形态特征（Description）：攀援植物；根状茎块状、肉质，常分叉，粗约1厘米。茎长2-3米或更长。叶通常互生，有时兼有对生的，披针形，长7-13厘米，先端尾状并延伸成很长的卷须（最下部的叶例外），基部有短柄。花美丽，单生于上部叶腋或叶腋附近，有时在枝的末端近伞房状排列；花梗长可达10-15厘米；花被片条状披针形，长4.5-5厘米，宽约8毫米，反折，由于花俯垂而向上举，基部收狭而多少呈柄状，边缘皱波状，上半部亮红色，下半部黄色，宿存；花丝长3-4厘米，花药条形，长约1厘米；花柱丝状，与花丝近等长，分裂部分长约6-7毫米。花期7-8月。
分布（Distribution）：产云南南部。生于海拔950-1250米的林下或灌丛中。也分布于亚洲热带地区和非洲。
用途（Use）：据记载根状茎有剧毒，含秋水仙碱。
引自植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 24 Page 158
Gloriosa superba Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 305. 1753.
嘉兰 jia lan | Liliaceae | Gloriosa
Rhizome usually forked, ca. 1 cm in diam., fleshy. Stem scandent, 2--3 m or more, rather slender. Leaves alternate or occasionally also opposite, sessile or shortly petiolate, lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, 7--13 cm, apex long caudate with a tendril. Flowers nodding; pedicel 10--15 cm. Tepals reflexed, bright red, proximally tinged with yellow, linear-oblanceolate, 4.5--5 cm × 7--9 mm, base slightly clawed, margin much crisped. Filaments 3--4 cm; anthers ca. 1 cm. Style 2.5--3.5 cm; stigma lobes 6--7 mm. Fl. Jul--Aug. 2 n = 22, 88, 90.
Forests, thickets; 900--1300 m. S Yunnan [Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam; S and tropical Africa].
The rhizomes are rich in the alkaloid colchicine.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Gloriosa superba L.
英文名（English Common Name）：flame lily
别名（Chinese Common Name）：
异名（Synonym）：Methonica abyssinica (A.Rich.) Walp. Methonica doniana (Schult. & Schult.f.) Kunth Methonica gloriosa Salisb. Methonica leopoldii Van Houtte ex Lem. Methonica petersiana Klotzsch ex Garcke Methonica plantii Planch. Methonica virescens (Lindl.) Kunth Methonica platyphylla Klotzsch Methonica superba (L.) Crantz Methonica grandiflora Hook. Clinostylis speciosa Hochst. Gloriosa superba f. angustifolia Kuntze, nom. illeg. Eugone superba (L.) Salisb. Gloriosa abyssinica A.Rich. Gloriosa angulata Schumach. Gloriosa caerulea Mill. Gloriosa carsonii Baker Gloriosa cirrhifolia Stokes Gloriosa doniana Schult. & Schult.f. Gloriosa graminifolia var. heterophylla Chiov. Gloriosa homblei De Wild. Gloriosa leopoldii (Van Houtte ex Lem.) Van Houtte & Voss Gloriosa lutea auct. Gloriosa nepalensis G.Don Gloriosa plantii (Planch.) Loudon Gloriosa rockefelleriana Stehlé & M.Stehlé Gloriosa rothschildiana O'Brien Gloriosa sampiana Pires de Lima Gloriosa simplex L. Gloriosa speciosa (Hochst.) Engl. Gloriosa superba var. angustifolia Baker Gloriosa verschuurii Hoog Gloriosa virescens Lindl. Gloriosa virescens var. grandiflora (Hook.) Baker Gloriosa superba f. doniana (Schult. & Schult.f.) T.Durand & Schinz Gloriosa virescens var. plantii (Planch.) T.Durand & Schinz Gloriosa virescens var. leopoldii (Van Houtte ex Lem.) T.Durand & Schinz Gloriosa virescens var. petersiana (Klotzsch ex Garcke) T.Durand & Schinz Gloriosa virescens var. platyphylla (Klotzsch) T.Durand & Schinz Gloriosa superba f. grandiflora (Hook.) Kuntze
科属（Family & Genus）：百合科（Liliaceae）嘉兰属
形态特征（Description）：攀援植物；根状茎块状、肉质，常分叉，粗约1厘米。茎长2-3米或更长。叶通常互生，有时兼有对生的，披针形，长7-13厘米，先端尾状并延伸成很长的卷须（最下部的叶例外），基部有短柄。花美丽，单生于上部叶腋或叶腋附近，有时在枝的末端近伞房状排列；花梗长可达10-15厘米；花被片条状披针形，长4.5-5厘米，宽约8毫米，反折，由于花俯垂而向上举，基部收狭而多少呈柄状，边缘皱波状，上半部亮红色，下半部黄色，宿存；花丝长3-4厘米，花药条形，长约1厘米；花柱丝状，与花丝近等长，分裂部分长约6-7毫米。花期7-8月。
分布（Distribution）：产云南南部。生于海拔950-1250米的林下或灌丛中。也分布于亚洲热带地区和非洲。
用途（Use）：据记载根状茎有剧毒，含秋水仙碱。
引自植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 24 Page 158
Gloriosa superba Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 305. 1753.
嘉兰 jia lan | Liliaceae | Gloriosa
Rhizome usually forked, ca. 1 cm in diam., fleshy. Stem scandent, 2--3 m or more, rather slender. Leaves alternate or occasionally also opposite, sessile or shortly petiolate, lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, 7--13 cm, apex long caudate with a tendril. Flowers nodding; pedicel 10--15 cm. Tepals reflexed, bright red, proximally tinged with yellow, linear-oblanceolate, 4.5--5 cm × 7--9 mm, base slightly clawed, margin much crisped. Filaments 3--4 cm; anthers ca. 1 cm. Style 2.5--3.5 cm; stigma lobes 6--7 mm. Fl. Jul--Aug. 2 n = 22, 88, 90.
Forests, thickets; 900--1300 m. S Yunnan [Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam; S and tropical Africa].
The rhizomes are rich in the alkaloid colchicine.
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