海刀豆Canavalia rosea
中文名（Chinese Name）：海刀豆
学名（Scientific Name）：Canavalia rosea (Sw.) DC.
英文名（English Common Name）：baybean
别名（Chinese Common Name）：
异名（Synonym）： Canavalia maritima (Aubl.) Thou. Canavalia obtusifolia DC. Canavalia apiculata Piper Canavali maritima Thouars Canavalia emarginata (Jacq.)G.Don Canavalia baueriana Endl. Canavalia arenicola Piper Dolichos littoralis Vell. Dolichos miniatus Kunth Clitoria rotundifolia (Vahl)Sesse & Moc. Canavalia podocarpa Dunn Dolichos emarginatus Jacq. Canavalia miniata (Kunth)DC. Canavalia moneta Welw. Canavalia obtusifolia var. emarginata (Jacq.)DC. Canavalia obtusifolia var. emarginatus (Jacq.) DC. Dolichos maritimus var. repens P. Browne Glycine rosea Forster f. Rhynchosia rosea (Forster f.) DC.
科属（Family & Genus）：蝶形花科,Fabaceae刀豆属
形态特征（Description）：粗壮，草质藤本。茎被稀疏的微柔毛。羽状复叶具3小叶；托叶、小托叶小。小叶倒卵形、卵形、椭圆形或近圆形，长5-8（-14）厘米，宽4.5-6.5（-10）厘米，先端通常圆，截平、微凹或具小凸头，稀渐尖，基部楔形至近圆形，侧生小叶基部常偏斜，两面均被长柔毛，侧脉每边4-5条；叶柄长2.5-7厘米；小叶柄长5-8毫米。总状花序腋生，连总花梗长达30厘米；花1-3朵聚生于花序轴近顶部的每一节上；小苞片2，卵形，长1.5毫米，着生在花梗的顶端；花萼钟状，长1-1.2厘米，被短柔毛，上唇裂齿半圆形，长3-4毫米，下唇3裂片小；花冠紫红色，旗瓣圆形，长约2.5厘米，顶端凹入，翼瓣镰状，具耳，龙骨瓣长圆形，弯曲，具线形的耳；子房被绒毛。荚果线状长圆形，长8-12厘米，宽2-2.5厘米，厚约1厘米，顶端具喙尖，离背缝线均3毫米处的两侧有纵棱；种子椭圆形，长13-15毫米，宽10毫米，种皮褐色，种脐长约1厘米。花期6-7月。
分布（Distribution）：产我国东南部至南部，蔓生于海边沙滩上。热带海岸地区广布。
用途（Use）：引自植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 10 Page 198, 199
Canavalia rosea (Swartz) Candolle, Prodr. 2: 404. 1825.
海刀豆 hai dao dou | Fabaceae | Canavalia
Dolichos roseus Swartz, Prodr. 105. 1788; Canavalia maritima Thouars; C. obcordata (Roxburgh) Voigt; C. obtusifolia (Lamarck) Candolle; D. maritimus Aublet; D. obcordatus Roxburgh; D. obtusifolius Lamarck.
Herbs, robust, twining. Stems sparsely puberulent. Leaflets obovate, ovate, elliptic, or suborbicular, 5-8(-14) × 4.5-6.5(-10) cm, pilose on both surfaces, base cuneate to rounded, apex rounded, truncate, emarginate, or mucronate. Racemes axillary, to 30 cm including peduncle. Flowers 1-3 clustered at each node. Calyx 1-1.2 cm, pubescent, upper lip semiorbicular, 3-4 mm. Corolla purple; standard orbicular, ca. 2.5 cm, apex emarginate; wings falcate, auriculate; keel oblong, curved, auriculate. Legumes linear-oblong, 8-12 × 2-2.5 cm, apex rostrate, each valve with extra rib ca. 3 mm from sutural rib. Seeds brown, elliptic, 13-15 × ca. 10 mm; hilum ca. 10 mm. Fl. Jun-Jul.
Sandy beaches. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Taiwan, Zhejiang [tropical coastal areas].
For the nomenclature of Canavalia rosea, see Aymard in Ernstia (8: 19-25. 1998).
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Canavalia rosea (Sw.) DC.
英文名（English Common Name）：baybean
别名（Chinese Common Name）：
异名（Synonym）： Canavalia maritima (Aubl.) Thou. Canavalia obtusifolia DC. Canavalia apiculata Piper Canavali maritima Thouars Canavalia emarginata (Jacq.)G.Don Canavalia baueriana Endl. Canavalia arenicola Piper Dolichos littoralis Vell. Dolichos miniatus Kunth Clitoria rotundifolia (Vahl)Sesse & Moc. Canavalia podocarpa Dunn Dolichos emarginatus Jacq. Canavalia miniata (Kunth)DC. Canavalia moneta Welw. Canavalia obtusifolia var. emarginata (Jacq.)DC. Canavalia obtusifolia var. emarginatus (Jacq.) DC. Dolichos maritimus var. repens P. Browne Glycine rosea Forster f. Rhynchosia rosea (Forster f.) DC.
科属（Family & Genus）：蝶形花科,Fabaceae刀豆属
形态特征（Description）：粗壮，草质藤本。茎被稀疏的微柔毛。羽状复叶具3小叶；托叶、小托叶小。小叶倒卵形、卵形、椭圆形或近圆形，长5-8（-14）厘米，宽4.5-6.5（-10）厘米，先端通常圆，截平、微凹或具小凸头，稀渐尖，基部楔形至近圆形，侧生小叶基部常偏斜，两面均被长柔毛，侧脉每边4-5条；叶柄长2.5-7厘米；小叶柄长5-8毫米。总状花序腋生，连总花梗长达30厘米；花1-3朵聚生于花序轴近顶部的每一节上；小苞片2，卵形，长1.5毫米，着生在花梗的顶端；花萼钟状，长1-1.2厘米，被短柔毛，上唇裂齿半圆形，长3-4毫米，下唇3裂片小；花冠紫红色，旗瓣圆形，长约2.5厘米，顶端凹入，翼瓣镰状，具耳，龙骨瓣长圆形，弯曲，具线形的耳；子房被绒毛。荚果线状长圆形，长8-12厘米，宽2-2.5厘米，厚约1厘米，顶端具喙尖，离背缝线均3毫米处的两侧有纵棱；种子椭圆形，长13-15毫米，宽10毫米，种皮褐色，种脐长约1厘米。花期6-7月。
分布（Distribution）：产我国东南部至南部，蔓生于海边沙滩上。热带海岸地区广布。
用途（Use）：引自植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 10 Page 198, 199
Canavalia rosea (Swartz) Candolle, Prodr. 2: 404. 1825.
海刀豆 hai dao dou | Fabaceae | Canavalia
Dolichos roseus Swartz, Prodr. 105. 1788; Canavalia maritima Thouars; C. obcordata (Roxburgh) Voigt; C. obtusifolia (Lamarck) Candolle; D. maritimus Aublet; D. obcordatus Roxburgh; D. obtusifolius Lamarck.
Herbs, robust, twining. Stems sparsely puberulent. Leaflets obovate, ovate, elliptic, or suborbicular, 5-8(-14) × 4.5-6.5(-10) cm, pilose on both surfaces, base cuneate to rounded, apex rounded, truncate, emarginate, or mucronate. Racemes axillary, to 30 cm including peduncle. Flowers 1-3 clustered at each node. Calyx 1-1.2 cm, pubescent, upper lip semiorbicular, 3-4 mm. Corolla purple; standard orbicular, ca. 2.5 cm, apex emarginate; wings falcate, auriculate; keel oblong, curved, auriculate. Legumes linear-oblong, 8-12 × 2-2.5 cm, apex rostrate, each valve with extra rib ca. 3 mm from sutural rib. Seeds brown, elliptic, 13-15 × ca. 10 mm; hilum ca. 10 mm. Fl. Jun-Jul.
Sandy beaches. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Taiwan, Zhejiang [tropical coastal areas].
For the nomenclature of Canavalia rosea, see Aymard in Ernstia (8: 19-25. 1998).
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