福建蔓龙胆Crawfurdia pricei

中文名(Chinese Name):福建蔓龙胆
学名(Scientific Name):Crawfurdia pricei (Marq.) H. Smith
英文名(English Common Name):
别名(Chinese Common Name):蔓龙胆
异名(Synonym):Gentiana pricei C. Marquand
科属(Family & Genus):龙胆科(Gentianaceae)蔓龙胆属
形态特征(Description):多年生缠绕草本。根茎暗褐色,粗壮,具多数圆柱形的肉质块根,干后棕色或褐色。茎圆形,有时具细条棱,上部螺旋状扭转,节间长4-21厘米。茎最下部常有多对很小的三角形鳞片状叶;茎生叶卵形、卵状披针形或披针形,稀宽卵形,长4-11(15)厘米,宽2-5(9)厘米,先端渐尖,稀急尖,基部圆形,边缘膜质、微反卷、细波状,叶脉3-5条,在下面明显突起,沿脉密生短硬毛及腺毛或无毛,有时果时毛脱落而稀疏,叶柄扁平,长3-8毫米或近无柄,背面及两边密被短硬毛及腺毛。聚伞花序,有2至多花,腋生或顶生,稀单花腋生;总花梗长达15厘米,小花梗长1-9厘米,具披针形,长6-9毫米的小苞片或否;花萼筒形,萼筒不开裂,长1-1.5厘米,先端具膜质的萼内膜,裂片三角形或披针形,长1-4(7)毫米,宽1-1.5(2)毫米,向外反折,弯缺截形;花冠粉红色、白色或淡紫色,钟形,上部开展,长约4厘米,裂片宽卵状三角形,长3-4毫米,宽4-5毫米,褶截形或半圆形,长1-2.5毫米,宽3-4毫米,先端微波状;雄蕊着生于冠筒中下部,花丝长约12毫米,两边具不等宽的翅,呈狭披针形,宽约3毫米,花药矩圆形,长3-4毫米;子房纺锤形,两端渐狭,长1-1.4厘米,柄细长,长1-1.3厘米,柄基部有5颗长卵形腺体,花柱短,连柱头长约8毫米,柱头线形,2裂。蒴果淡褐色,椭圆形,扁平,长约2厘米,宽约1厘米,柄长2-3厘米,果部分伸出花冠;种子褐色,圆形,直径约2毫米,具盘状双翅。花果期10-12月。
分布(Distribution):产湖南南部,福建西部、广西北部、广东北部。生于山坡草地、山谷灌丛或密林中,海拔430-2000米。
用途(Use):
引自中国植物志英文版 FOC Vol. 16
Crawfurdia pricei (C. Marquand) Harry Smith, Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh. 26: 244. 1965.
福建蔓龙胆 fu jian man long dan | Gentianaceae  | Crawfurdia
Gentiana pricei C. Marquand, Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1931: 75. 1931.
Root tubers cylindric, fleshy. Stems twining, terete, striate, internodes 4-21 cm. Lowermost leaves several pairs; leaf blade scalelike, triangular. Stem leaves sessile or with petiole 3-8 mm, hirsute and glandular; leaf blade lanceolate, ovate-lanceolate, or ovate, rarely broadly ovate, 4-11(-15) × 2-5 (-9) cm, leathery, abaxially densely hirsute and glandular along veins, base rounded, margin crenulate, apex acuminate, veins 3-5. Inflorescences cymes, rarely 1-flowered; peduncle to 15 cm. Pedicel 1-9 cm; bractlets usually present, lanceolate, 6-9 mm. Calyx tubular; tube 1-1.5 cm, entire, apex with a transparent intracalycular membrane; lobes reflexed, lanceolate to triangular, 1-4(-7) × 1-1.5(-2) mm, apex acute. Corolla white, pink, or pale purple, campanulate, ca. 4 cm; lobes ovate-triangular, 3-4 × 4-5 mm, apex acute; plicae semiorbicular to truncate, 1-2.5 × 3-4 mm, margin crenulate. Stamens inserted just below middle of corolla tube; filaments linear-subulate, ca. 1.2 cm; anthers ellipsoid, 3-4 mm. Nectaries narrowly ovate. Style short, ca. 8 mm including linear stigma lobes. Capsules light brown, ellipsoid, compressed, ca. 2 × 1 cm, included in corolla to slightly exserted; gynophore 2-3 cm. Seeds brown, discoid, ca. 2 mm in diam., broadly winged. Fl. and fr. Oct-Dec.
* Grassland slopes, scrub in valleys, dense forests; 400-2000 m. W Fujian, N Guangdong, N Guangxi, S Hunan.
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