中文名（Chinese Name）：使君子
学名（Scientific Name）：Quisqualis indica L.
英文名（English Common Name）：Rangoon creeper
别名（Chinese Common Name）：留求子、四君子
异名（Synonym）： Quisqualis indica var. villosa C. B. Clarke  Quisqualis sinensis Lindl.  Quisqualis grandiflora Miq.  Mekistus sinensis Lour. ex Gomes  Quisqualis villosa Roxb.
科属（Family & Genus）：使君子（Combretaceae）科使君子属
形态特征（Description）：攀援状灌木，高2-8米；小枝被棕黄色短柔毛。叶对生或近对生，叶片膜质，卵形或椭圆形，长5-11厘米，宽2.5-5.5厘米，先端短渐尖，基部钝圆，表面无毛，背面有时疏被棕色柔毛，侧脉7或8对；叶柄长5-8毫米，无关节，幼时密生锈色柔毛。顶生穗状花序，组成伞房花序式；苞片卵形至线状披针形，被毛；萼管长5-9厘米，被黄色柔毛，先端具广展、外弯、小形的萼齿5枚；花瓣5，长1.8-2.4厘米，宽4-10毫米，先端钝圆，初为白色，后转淡红色；雄蕊10，不突出冠外，外轮着生于花冠基部，内轮着生于萼管中部，花药长约1.5毫米；子房下位，胚珠3颗。果卵形，短尖，长2.7-4厘米，径1.2-2.3厘米，无毛，具明显的锐棱角5条，成熟时外果皮脆薄，呈青黑色或栗色；种子1颗，白色，长2.5厘米，径约1厘米，圆柱状纺锤形。花期初夏，果期秋末。
分布（Distribution）：产四川、贵州至南岭以南各处。印度、缅甸至菲律宾也有。
用途（Use）：种子为中药中最有效的驱蛔药之一，对小儿寄生蛔虫症疗效尤著。
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 13 Page 315, 316
Quisqualis indica Linnaeus, Sp. Pl., ed. 2. 1: 556. 1762.
使君子 shi jun zi | Combretaceae  | Quisqualis
Combretum indicum (Linnaeus) Jongkind; Kleinia quadricolor Crantz; Mekistus sinensis Loureiro ex B. A. Gomes; Ourouparia enormis Yamamoto; Quisqualis glabra N. L. Burman; Q. grandiflora Miquel; Q. indica var. oxypetala Kurz; Q. indica var. villosa (Roxburgh) C. B. Clarke; Q. longiflora C. Presl; Q. loureiroi G. Don; Q. obovata Schumacher & Thon ning; Q. pubescens N. L. Burman; Q. sinensis Lindley; Q. spinosa Blanco; Q. villosa Roxburgh.
Lianas to 8 m tall. Branchlets brownish yellow pubescent. Petiole 5-9 mm, without an inflated joint near base, densely brown pilose when young; leaf blade mostly oblong-elliptic or elliptic, 5-18 × 2.5-7 cm, abaxially sometimes brown pilose, adaxially glabrous except slightly brown pilose on midvein, finely white verruculose, rarely tomentose on both surfaces, base obtuse, apex acuminate to shortly caudate; lateral veins in 7 or 8 pairs. Inflorescences lax; bracts deciduous, filiform-linear to ovate, 3-12 mm, brown pilose. Flowers fragrant. Calyx tube 5-9 cm, yellow pilose; lobes deltoid, 2-3 mm, apex acute or shortly acuminate but not cuspidate. Petals opening white, later turning yellowish abaxially and reddish adaxially, obovate to oblanceolate, 10-24 × 4-10 mm, apex rounded to obtuse. Fruit red when young, greenish black or brown when ripe, fusiform or narrowly ovoid, sharply 5-ridged, 2.7-4 × 1.2-2.3 cm, glabrous, apex mucronate. Fl. Mar-Nov, fr. Jun-Nov.
Rain forests, low woods, thickets, hedges, mountains, dry hillsides, riversides, roadsides, wasteland, also cultivated; below 1500 m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hunan, S Jiangxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan; cultivated in Zhejiang [Bangladesh, Cambodia, India (including Andaman Islands), Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam; coastal E Africa, Indian Ocean islands, Pacific islands; introduced to other parts of tropical Africa and Central and South America; widely cultivated and often naturalized in the tropics].
This species is cultivated in China as an ornamental. The seeds are used medicinally to kill intestinal parasites.
Quisqualis indica is variable in its indumentum and in the shape and size of its bracts. Most Chinese specimens with bracts still attached have linear-lanceolate to filiform-linear bracts. In this respect, these plants correspond with Q. indica var. villosa , as defined by Lecompte (in Aubréville, Fl. Cambodge Laos Vietnam 10: 22-31. 1969), who described var. indica as having ovate to lanceolate bracts. In FRPS (53(1): 17. 1984), var. villosa was said to have ovate leaf blades, tomentose on both surfaces (vs. elliptic or ovate, abaxially sometimes brown pilose, and adaxially glabrous in var. indica).
Four specimens from Guangdong (Deqing, Guangzhou, Nanhai, and Xingning), at least three of which are from cultivated plants, have a shorter calyx tube, 3-5 cm, and smaller petals, 8-9 × 3-4.5 mm, than is normal for Quisqualis indica. It is possible that these belong to Q. indica var. pierrei (Gagnepain) O. Lecompte (Q. pierrei Gagnepain), described from S Vietnam, which differs from var. indica in having smaller flowers of about these dimensions and, strikingly, in having fruit with 5 broad, papery wings 1-1.5 cm wide. However, because the specimens lack fruit, this determination is only tentative.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）