红雀珊瑚Pedilanthus tithymaloides

中文名(Chinese Name):红雀珊瑚
学名(Scientific Name):Pedilanthus tithymaloides (Linn.) Poit.
英文名(English Common Name):redbird flower
别名(Chinese Common Name):拖鞋花、洋珊瑚
异名(Synonym):Euphorbia tithymaloides L.
科属(Family & Genus):大戟科(Euphorbiaceae)红雀珊瑚属
形态特征(Description):直立亚灌木,高40-70厘米;茎、枝粗壮,带肉质,作“之”字状扭曲,无毛或嫩时被短柔毛。叶肉质,近无柄或具短柄,叶片卵形或长卵形,长3.5-8厘米,宽2.5-5厘米,顶端短尖至渐尖,基部钝、圆,两面被短柔毛,毛随叶变老而逐渐脱落;中脉在背面强壮凸起,侧脉7-9对,远离边缘网结,网脉略明显;托叶为一圆形的腺体,直径约1毫米。聚伞花序丛生于枝顶或上部叶腋内,每一聚伞花序为一鞋状的总苞所包围,内含多数雄花和1朵雌花;总苞鲜红或紫红色,仰卧,无毛,两侧对称,长约1厘米,顶端近唇状2裂,一裂片小,长圆形,长约6毫米,顶端具3细齿,另一裂片大,舟状,长约1厘米,顶端2深裂。雄花:每花仅具1雄蕊;花梗纤细,长2.5-4毫米,无毛,其与花丝极相似,为关节所连接;花药球形,略短于花丝。雌花:着生于总苞中央而斜伸出于总苞之外;花梗远粗于雄花者,长6-8毫米,无毛;子房纺锤形,花柱大部分合生,柱头3, 2裂。花期12月至翌年6月。
分布(Distribution):原产美洲,全国各地均有栽培。
用途(Use):
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 11 Page 314
Pedilanthus tithymaloides (Linnaeus) Poiteau, Ann. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. 19: 390. 1812.
红雀珊瑚 hong que shan hu  | Euphorbiaceae  | Pedilanthus
Euphorbia tithymaloides Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 453. 1753.
Erect subshrubs 40-70 cm tall; stems stout, slightly fleshy, strongly flexuous, glabrous or pubescent when young. Leaves distichous; stipules small, with a rounded ca. 1 mm in diam. gland; leaf blade ovate or long ovate, 3.5-8 × 2.5-5 cm, fleshy, both surfaces pubescent, glabrescent, base rounded or obtuse, apex ± acuminate; midrib elevated abaxially, lateral veins 7-9 pairs, ascending steeply and running close to margin for some distance before terminating. Cyathia in cymes clustered on leafless stems, terminal or axillary at upper part, each one with many male flowers and 1 female flower; involucres shoe-shaped, deep-red or purple-red, equilateral, ca. 1 cm, glabrous, apex nearly labiate-shaped, 2-fid, lobes small, oblong, 3-serrulate at apex, other lobe boat-shaped, ca. 1 cm, 2-partite at apex. Male flower: pedicels slender, 2.5-4 mm, glabrous, similar to filaments; anthers globose, slightly shorter than filaments. Female flower inserted at center of involucres, oblique, exserted from involucre; pedicels 6-8 mm, glabrous; ovary fusiform; styles usually connate; stigma 3, 2-fid. Fl. Dec-Jun.
Cultivated. Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Yunnan [native to Central America, cultivated throughout the tropics].
This species is cultivated as an ornamental, often as a potted plant. All parts are used as medicine for traumatic injury and fractures.
红雀珊瑚Pedilanthus tithymaloides

红雀珊瑚Pedilanthus tithymaloides

红雀珊瑚Pedilanthus tithymaloides(责任编辑:徐晔春)

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